Peripheral Vascular System And Lympatic System

Question 1

Is he is

Answer 1

Deficient supply of oxygenated arterial blood to a tissue caused by o structure

Question 2

Peripheral artery disease

Answer 2

Affects noncornonary arteries and refers to arteries supplying the limbs

Question 3

How do veins keep blood moving

Answer 3

-contracting skeletal muscle
-pressure gradient created by breathing
-intraluminal valves

Question 4

Capacitance vessels

Answer 4

A name given to veins because of their ability to stretch

Question 5

Incompetent valves

Answer 5

Dilated and varicose veins that have lumens so large the valve cusps do not aproxzimate

Question 6

How does one acquire varicose veins

Answer 6

Some people have a genetic disposition to this disease
-otherwise: obesity, multiple pregnancies

Question 7

When do calf muscles contract/relax during walking

Answer 7

Contract - systole

Relax - diastole

Question 8

Without lymphatic drainage, what would occur?

Answer 8

Fluid would build up in the interstitial spaces and produce edema

Question 9

Right lymphatic duct

Answer 9

Empties into the right subclavian vein
-right side of head, neck, shoulder, arm

Question 10

Thoracic duct

Answer 10

Empties into left subclavian vein
-rest (majority) of the body

Question 11

Functions of lymphatic system

Answer 11

-conserve fluid and plasma proteins leaking from capillaries
-immune system
-absorb lipids from intestinal tract

Question 12

Cervical nodes

Answer 12

Drain the head and neck

Question 13

Axillary nodes

Answer 13

Drain breast and upper arm

Question 14

Epitrochlear node

Answer 14

Antecubital fossa, draining the hand and lower arm
-front side of elbow

Question 15

Inguinal nodes

Answer 15

Found in groin, drain most of lymph of lower extremity, genitalia, and anterior abdominal wall

Question 16

Functions of the spleen

Answer 16

-destroy old RBC
-produce antibodies
-store RBC
-filter microorganisms from the blood

Question 17

Thymus gland

Answer 17

Flat, pink gray located in superior mediastinum behind sternum and in front of aorta

-producing T lymphocytes in children

Question 18

Growth pattern of the lymph system across developmental ages

Answer 18

Birth- well developed
Child- grows rapidly, reaching adult size
Adolescent- surpasses adult size
Adult- slowly atrophies

Question 19

Lymph nodes in children

Answer 19

Relatively large, and superficial are usually palpable without an infection

Question 20

Pregnant women experience vasodilation which causes

Answer 20

Drop in blood pressure in first/second trimester

Question 21

A growing uterus will obstruct which veins

Answer 21

Obstructs drainage of iliac and inferior vena cava veins

Question 22

What is caused from obstruction of certain veins needed for drainage and a drop in blood pressure?

Answer 22

-lowers blood flow
-increases venous pressure
-can cause dependent edema
-varicosities in legs and vulva
-hemorrhoids

Question 23

Peripheral blood vessels grow more rigid with age, resulting in

Answer 23

Arteriosclerosis

Question 24

Arteriosclerosis causes

Answer 24

A rise in systolic blood pressure

Question 25

What is the deposition of fatty plagues on the intima of the arteries

Answer 25

Atherosclerosis

Question 26

Both arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are present in which condition?

Answer 26

PAD

Question 27

PAD

Answer 27

Atherosclerotic occlusive disease of lower extremities, and a major risk factor for lower extremity amputation

Question 28

Aging produces a progressive

Answer 28

Enlargement of intramuscular calf veins

Question 29

Prolonged bed rest, prolonged immobilization and heart failure all increase the risk of

Answer 29

Deep vein thrombosis and subsequent pulmonary embolism

Question 30

What does clubbing insinuate

Answer 30

This occurs with congenital cyanotic heart disease and cor pulmonale (enlargement and failure of right ventricle)

Question 31

Force grade system for radial pulses

Answer 31

3- increased, full bounding 2- normal 1- weak 0- absent

Question 32

Malnutrition signs in skin

Answer 32

Thin, shiny, atrophic -nails have thick ridges -malnutrition, pallor and coolness

Question 33

When does brown discolouration occur

Answer 33

Chronic venous stasis as a result of hemosiderin deposits form red blood cells

Question 34

Venous ulcers occur usually at the ____ and why?

Answer 34

Medial malleolus -due to bacterial invasion of poorly drained tissues

Question 35

Arterial deficit may cause

Answer 35

One food or leg to be more cool/temperature may drop suddenly

Question 36

When does a bruit occur

Answer 36

Turbulent blood flow indicating partial occlusion

Question 37

Modified Allen test

Answer 37

Evaluates adequacy of collateral circulation before radial artery is cannulated