Perodic Table Flashcards

(27 cards)

1
Q

The alkali metals :

A
  • lithium
  • Sodium
  • Potassium
  • Rubidium
  • Caesium
  • Francium
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2
Q

Why are they called alkali metals ?

A

They react very quickly with oxygen in the air,
To prevent that they are stored in oil.

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3
Q

Most reactive alkali metals :

A
  • Lithuim (Li)
  • sodium (Na)
  • potassium (k)
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4
Q

The reactivity series :

A
  • potassium
  • Sodium
  • Lithuim
  • Calcuim
  • Magnesium
  • Alminuim
  • Zinc
  • Iron
  • Tin
  • Lead
  • Copper
  • Mercury
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Platinum
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5
Q

Discover the physical properties of alkali metals :

A
  • soft to cut with a knife. .
  • Shiny - (reacts quickly)
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6
Q

Describe the reaction when Lithuim reacts with water.

A
  • Lithium floats on the water.
  • It starts to move around quickly on the surface.
  • You see bubbles of hydrogen gas forming
  • forms fizzing
  • It may give off a little bit of heat, but not enough to catch fire like other alkali metals (like sodium).
  • A colourless solution of lithium hydroxide is formed.

Word equation:
Lithium + Water → Lithium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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7
Q

Describe the reaction of potassium when it reacts with water.

A
  • lilac flame
  • popping sound
  • flame forms
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8
Q

Decibe the reaction when Lithuim reacts with water :

A

• Lithium floats on the water.
- It starts to move around quickly on the surface.
- You see bubbles of hydrogen gas
- forms fizzing
- It may give off a little bit of heat, but not enough to catch fire like other alkali metals (like sodium).
- A colourless solution of lithium hydroxide is formed.

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9
Q

What is the word equation for Lithuim reacting with water ? :

A

Word equation:
Lithium + Water → Lithium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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10
Q

Which side is products and reactants ? :

A

E.g
Word equation:
Lithium + Water → Lithium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Reactants. Products

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11
Q

Describe the reaction when potassium reacts with water :

A
  • Potassium floats on the water.
  • It moves around very quickly on the surface.
  • It gives off lots of fizzing and bubbles
  • hydrogen gas is formed
  • It gets so hot that the hydrogen gas catches fire — you often see a lilac flame.
  • A colourless solution of potassium hydroxide is formed.
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12
Q

What is the word equation when pottasuim reacts with water ? :

A

Word equation:
Potassium + Water → Potassium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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13
Q

Describe the reaction of sodium when it reacts with water :

A
  • Sodium floats on the water.
  • It fizzes and moves quickly,making hydrogen gas.
  • It melts into a small silver ball because the heat is strong.
  • Sometimes, a small flame appears, but not always.
  • A colourless solution of sodium hydroxide is made.
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14
Q

The word equation for sodium when it reacts with water :

A

Word equation:
Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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15
Q

What is the word equation when Lithuim reacts with water ? :

A

Word equation:
Lithium + Water → Lithium hydroxide + Hydrogen

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16
Q

What is an atom ? :

A

Tiny particles which make up everything.

17
Q

Element :

A

Made of one type of atom

18
Q

Compound :

A

2 or more elements chemically combined.

19
Q

The halogens : ( group 7)

A
  • Fluorine (F) – pale yellow gas
  • Chlorine (Cl) – green gas
  • Bromine (Br) – brown liquid
  • Iodine (I) – dark grey solid (gives off purple gas when heated)
  • Astatine (At) – rare and radioactive
20
Q

The Noble gases (group 0):

A
  • Helium
  • Neon
  • Aragon
  • Krypton
  • Xenon
  • Radon
21
Q

Properties of Noble gases :

A
  • colourless gas
  • They don’t combine with other elements ( Mono- atomic )
  • The reason for this is that they are very stable.
  • Unreactive
  • They don’t form compounds because they have full outer shells of electrons.
  • They are gases which are at room temperature.
  • Non- flammable
22
Q

Propties of halogens :

A
  • very reactive especially with metals.
  • reactivity decreases as you go down the group.
  • Toxic
23
Q

How is Chlorine used in real life ? :

A

Chlorine (Cl):

•	Used to clean water in swimming pools and tap water.
•	Used in bleach and cleaning products.
•	Helps make plastics like PVC.
24
Q

How is Flourine used in real life ? :

A

Fluorine (F):

•	Added to toothpaste to protect teeth from decay.
•	Used in non-stick pans (like Teflon).
25
How is Bromine used in real life ? :
Bromine (Br): • Used in flame retardants (stops things catching fire easily). • Used in some medicines.
26
How is Iodine used in real life ? :
Iodine (I): • Used in antiseptics (to clean wounds). • Added to salt to keep the thyroid gland healthy.
27
How is Asatine used in real life ? :
Astatine (At): • It’s very rare and radioactive, but may be used in cancer treatment in the future.