Personal resource - Dimensions Flashcards
What do we use in order to assess dimensions?
The nursing process
Describe the 4 steps of the nursing process.
ASSESSMENT:
- data collection
- data analysis
- problem identification (nursing diagnosis)
PLANNING: goal setting/developing nursing interventions
IMPLEMENTATION: application of nursing skills
EVALUATION: assessment of goal achievement
What is assessment?
the systematic dynamic process by which the nurse collects and analyzes data about patients
2 components:
- data collection
- data analysis
What are the 8 skills related to assessment?
critical thinking knowledge practical experience communication skills perception and observation client-centered approach collaboration organization/documentation
What are the two types of data?
subjective and objective
What is subjective data?
data that come from secondary sources (ie not you)
ex. client, family, significant others, health care team, health records
What is objective data?
observed and measurable data (from primary resources; you)
ex things gathered from your senses, measuring devices, lab results.
How do you go about gathering data?
through an interview process
What are the three phases of the interview process?
INTRODUCTION PHASE
WORKING PHASE
CLOSING/TERMINATION PHASE
Describe the introduction phase of the interview process.
it is the rapport and relationship building phase.
goals: introduce yourself, purpose of conversation, and address person by surname
Describe the working phase of the interview process.
It is the data gathering phase
involves your questions and your responses to what the person said.
Describe the closing/termination phase of the interview process.
wrapping it up.
goals: ask if there is anything else they would like to mention
give a summary of the interview
What are the 10 techniques to the interview process?
closed vs open ended questions facilitation silence reflection empathy clarification confrontation interpretation explanation summary
What does facilitation mean?
acknowledging what they are saying, encouraging, asking deeper questions
ESSENTIALLY: DIRECTING THE INTERVIEW
What does reflection mean?
it is paraphrasing what they said back to them
What does confrontation mean?
it is addressing discrepancies that arise between the interview and observations in order to get accurate data.
What is interpretation?
taking the data and making correlations.
What is explanation?
making sure the patient understands the purpose of procedures especially where there is a knowledge deficit.
List the 10 traps to avoid when interviewing.
false reassurance unwanted advise using authority using avoidance language engaging in distancing use of jargon using leading or biased questions taking too much time interrupting using why questions
Describe the 5 goals/purpose of data analysis.
interpretation of data
identification of significant/meaningful data clustering (trends)
determine need for further investigation
formulate judgements and conclusions
validate thinking with others
What are the three categories of the developmental dimension?
BIOLOGICAL
COGNITIVE
SOCIO-EMOTIONAL
What does developmental assessment entail?
It is the comparing of data of the individual to the norm of their age group.
ex osteoporosis, this is a normal development in the later years of life, but not early on.
ex ability to learn language, uncommon in late years but common in childhood
Describe the biological aspect of the developmental assessment.
they are physical changes in the body
ex. puberty, menopause, physical deterioration in older adults
What are the 4 aspects to the cognitive processes aspect of developmental assessment?
KNOWING:
knowledge development
knowledge retention/memory
LEARNING:
skill development
language acquisition
THINKING:
interpretation and organization of information
formulation of ideas and opinions
planning
JUDGEMENT:
problem solving
