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PSYCHOLOGY > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

1
Q

id, ego, and superego

A

• id = pleasure
• ego = reality
• superego = conscious + unconscious

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2
Q

Defense Mechanism

A

something we do to protect ourselves in various life situations

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3
Q

Compensation

A

covering a weakness by overachieving in another area

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4
Q

Suppression

A

conscious, intentional pushing of unpleasantness from one’s mind

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5
Q

Denial

A

is a river in Egypt

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6
Q

Displacement

A

the transfer of negative feelings about someone to someone else

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7
Q

Projection

A

putting (projecting) negative feelings on someone else

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8
Q

Rationalization

A

justifying irrational behavior

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9
Q

Reaction Formation

A

expressing emotions that are the exact opposite of what you feel

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10
Q

Regression

A

using child-like ways of expressing emotions like anger and disappointment

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11
Q

Repression

A

blocking out unpleasant memories unconsciously (unintentionally)

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12
Q

Sublimation

A

redirecting bad or unacceptable behavior into positive behavior

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13
Q

Thematic Apperception Test

A

• projective personality test developed by Henry Murray
• involved the presentation of ambiguous pictures of people in various situations
• responses are believed the reflect unconscious needs + conflicts

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14
Q

Traits

A

personal qualities or characteristics that are relatively stable and consistent over time and situations

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15
Q

Gordon Allport ☝️🤓

A

identified more than 18,000 traits

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16
Q

Factor Analysis

A

a mathematical formula that explains how traits relate to one another

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17
Q

Five Factor Model (Big 5 Personality Traits)

A

• Openness to experience
• Conscientiousness
• Extraversion
• Agreeableness
• Neuroticism

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18
Q

Central Traits / Source Traits

A

easily recognized traits and have a strong influence on personality

19
Q

Secondary Traits / Surface Traits

A

traits that are more specific to certain situations and have less of an effect on personality
ex: John is a calm person (central trait) except when he plays sports, when he is extremely competitive (secondary trait)

20
Q

Maslow’s Self-Actualization

A

the ability to realize one’s fullest potential

21
Q

Carl Rogers

A

argues that all humans are striving toward growth and fulfillment

22
Q

Self Concept

A

info and beliefs we have about our own nature

23
Q

Real Self

A

how we see ourselves in the present

24
Q

Ideal Self

A

who we desire to be

25
Q

Conditional Positive Regard

A

praise and approval, depends upon the child
ex: behaving in a way that the parents think is correct

26
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard

A

where parents, significant others (and the humanist therapist) accepts and loves the person for what he/she is

27
Q

Cognitive Theories of Personality

A

argues that personality and behavior are a reflection of thought processes, beliefs, and expectations

28
Q

Locus of Control

A

one’s beliefs about the causes and outcomes of events and experiences

29
Q

Internal Locus of Control

A

people tend to believe their own skills, abilities, and efforts control events

30
Q

External Locus of Control

A

people who believe outside factors beyond your control effect outcome
ex: luck, fate, place blame elsewhere

31
Q

Self-Efficacy

A

one’s expectations for success (high/low)

32
Q

High Self-Efficacy

A

implies a person believes they can succeed no matter what circumstance

33
Q

Low Self-Efficacy

A

implies a person does not believe they can perform well

34
Q

Social Cognitive Theory

A

explains personality using both behavioral and cognitive theories

35
Q

Reciprocal Determinism

A

suggests that the environment influences our thoughts and behavior which in turn influence the environment

36
Q

Diana Baumrind

A

Developed a list of three distinct parenting styles commonly seen in homes

37
Q

Authoritarian parents

A

Strict and relatively unsympathetic

38
Q

Permissive Parents

A

Allow children to do as they please

39
Q

Authoritative (democratic) parents

A

Compromising and compassionate; allows independence, but with limits

40
Q

Helicopter Parenting

A

Over-parenting: involves excessive levels of involvement and control by parents in their children’s lives

41
Q

Snowplow Parents

A

Constantly forces obstacles out of their kids’ paths

42
Q

Tiger parenting

A

Strict or demanding parenting

43
Q

Lighthouse Parenting

A

Term coined by Dr. Kenneth Ginsburg in his book “Raising Kids to Thrive” - lighthouses are solid symbols, always there to guide you and help you get your bearings

PSYCHOLOGY (13 decks)

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