Personality Flashcards
(33 cards)
Define personality
A persons unique pattern of traits (guilford 1959)
Define personality in a sporting context
the sum of those characteristics that make a person unique. The study helps us work better with students, athletes and exercise. (Weinberg and Gould 2003)
What are the four common characteristics of personality
Identity
Individualism
Internal determination
Integrated self
What is black box syndrome
Categorising types of feelings and emotions to target people quicker
What are the three layers in Hollanders model of personality
Psychological course
Typical responses
Role related behavior
What is the psychological Core (hollander)
Real you
Stays the same the matter what your intentions
Develops from childhood is internally driven hard to change
made up of beliefs and attitudes learned and formed but consistent
What is the typical response layer
The personality most people see
Do usual manner in which we respond to the environment
Made up of learned behaviour to deal with the environment (defence mechanism)
Good indicator of psychological core
What is the role related behaviour layer
Superficial
Moulds or personality to fit our perception of the environment
Actions are based on what you perceive the situation to be
Externally driven behaviour easy to change
What are the uses of Hollanders approach
It shows the continuum from internally to externally driven behaviours
Coaches effective this increases with understanding
Athlete helps to understand teammates motivation and actions
What is this psychodemic theory ?
Developed by Freud 1933
Based on self analysis, observation is of neurotics
Supports tripartite structure of personality
What is the tripartite structure of personality
Id, ego, superego
What is the id
It is the unconscious instinctual core demands instant gratification
It is all inherited, it doesn’t change throughout life
Operates on pleasure principle
What is ego
The part of the id that is modified by direct influences of the external world
Decision-making component of personality
Operates according to reality principle
No concept of right or wrong just logic
What is super ego
Incorporates values and morals learn from parents and others
Developed at age 3 to 5 during phallic stage of psychosexual development
Controls id’s impulses which society forbids
persuade ego to turn to moralistic goals
What is the social learning theory
Developed by Hull 1943
Personality is not stable but built out of experience
Use animal research
Human behaviour is a function of social learning. You behave accordingly to how you’ve learnt through
Modelling. Social reinforcement.
What is modelling
Imitative behaviour learn through observation
What is social reinforcement
Rewarded behaviours are likely to be repeated
What is the humanistic theory
Abraham Maslow 1934
Human nature is inherently healthy and constructive
Humans possess a drive to self enhance
What are the two types of needs Maslow identifies
Deficiency needs: result of a lacking some type of necessary object
Growth needs: can only be satisfied after deficiency needs are met
What are Maslows six hierarchy of needs
Physiological needs Safety needs Belonging and love needs Esteem needs Cognitive needs Realisation of potential
What is trait theory
Developed by Eysenck
Personality can be described through a number of traits we all have to varying degrees
What are the two ways in which traits can be grouped
The extrovert introvert dimension
The stable neurotic dimension
What is the RAS
Reticula activating system. Filters the useful information from senses
What are extrovert traits
Biological bases: RAS decreases incoming information
Individuals seek additional stimulation in order to maintain a level of activation
Characteristics Gets bored quickly Less responsive to pain Seek excitement Poor concentration
