Personality and Awareness of self Flashcards
What is persona?
The mask’ – the public face each of us puts on in society to appear to be in control,
intelligent, sensitive, witty etc
We act in the way that we believe will bring us reward (love, recognition)
What is ego?
This is the centre of the conscious mind.
It is the part of us that gets the job of living done.
It is made up of all kinds of misconceptions about ourselves and our world.
It protects us by keeping us within the norms of society.
It gives us the feeling of control and power, but also the underlying doubts and fears
What is the Shadow?
The unconscious.
It is the part of us that wants to do all the things that the ego tells us we can’t do.
It acknowledges the presence of our unconscious shadow that tricks us into doing
things.
“I wasn’t myself”. “I don’t know what came over me”.
What is the essential self?
Incorporates both conscious and unconscious elements.
It is our uniqueness, our essence, our energy.
‘The self consists…in the awareness…of our unique natures, and our intimate relationship with all life, not only human but animal and plant, and even that of inorganic matter and even the cosmos itself’. Jung.
It is the self that gives us true courage and allows us to feel a ‘oneness’ with other
humans.
What is Self-efficacy?
Self-efficacy: “the belief in one’s capabilities to organize and execute the
courses of action required to manage prospective situations. “
(Bandura,1977)
How do people with a strong sense of self-efficacy act?
People with a strong sense of self-efficacy:
* View challenging problems as tasks to be mastered
* Develop deeper interest in the activities in which they participate
* Form a stronger sense of commitment to their interests and activities
* Recover quickly from setbacks and disappointments
How do people with a weak sense of self-efficacy act?
People with a weak sense of self-efficacy:
* Avoid challenging tasks
* Believe that difficult tasks and situations are beyond their capabilities
* Focus on personal failings and negative outcomes
* Quickly lose confidence in personal abilities
What is personality?
Personality is made up of the characteristic patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors that
make a person unique and remains fairly consistent throughout life.
Consistency - There is generally a recognizable order and regularity to behaviors. Essentially,
people act in the same ways or similar ways in a variety of situations.
Psychological and physiological - Personality is a psychological construct, but research
suggests that it is also influenced by biological needs and processes.
Behaviors / actions - Personality does not just influence how we act and respond in our
environment; it also make us act in certain ways.
Multiple expressions - Personality is displayed not only in behavior, but can also be
expressed in our thoughts, feelings, close relationships and other social interactions.
What is an extravert?
outgoing, talkative and energetic “the act, state, or habit of being predominantly
concerned with and obtaining gratification from what is outside the self“
What is an introvert?
quiet, reserved and less social interaction“the state of or tendency towards being
predominantly concerned with and interested in one’s own mental life“
What is a Type A person? Friedman (1950´s)
Type A: intense hard-driving personality, higher risk of CHD “ stress junkies”
What is a Type B person? Friedman (1950´s)
Type B: relaxed, less competitive and lower in CHD risk
What is Type D personality Denollet (1996)?
Type D personality (negative affect) has been linked with early death.
* Increased risk for developing cardiovascular problems after a heart attack.
* Poorer response to proven treatments for heart disease.
* Increased chances of sudden cardiac arrest.
* Type D patients reported lower levels of impaired mental health status, more cardiac
symptoms and feelings of disability as compared to non- D types (Pelle et al.,2009).
What are the 5 big personality traits?
Open
Extraverted
Conscientious
Stable
Agreeable
