Personality (chapter 12)

Question 1

Carl rogers, Abraham Maslow

Answer 1

self-actualization
person-centered perspective

Question 2

personality

Answer 2

a characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and behaving that is unique to each individual and reasons relatively consistent over time and situations

Question 3

idiographic approach

Answer 3

focus on detailed descriptions of individuals and their unique personality characteristics
(single individual, why they behave that way)

Question 4

nomothetic approach

Answer 4

personality patterns in large groups of people with the aim of making generalizations about personality structure
(Multiple people)

Question 5

descriptive labels

Answer 5

what is similar about personality between people

Question 6

personality traits

Answer 6

“the units of personality”
specific psychological characteristics that make up part of a persons personality; how that person is most of the time
Allport and odbert

Question 7

factor analysis

Answer 7

used to group items that people respond to similarly
-create personality trait labels by grouping related traits together

Question 8

Five factor model

Answer 8

McCrae and Costa found that personality could be reduced to five major dimensions

Question 9

Five facet model (FFM) (also big five personality factors)

Answer 9

OCEAN
Openness
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Emotional stability (Neuroticism)

Question 10

NEO personality inventory

Answer 10

individuals rate themselves on multiple questions that reflect the traits

Question 11

Hexaco model

Answer 11

six factor theory
OCEAN+H (honset-humility)
high scores- sincerem honest, faithful , modest
low scores- deceitful, greedy and pompous

Question 12

Machiavellianism

Answer 12

a tendency to use people and to be manipulative and deceitful, lacking respect for others and focusing predominantly on ones own self-interest
MY EX BOYFRIEND

Question 13

psychopathy

Answer 13

a general tendency toward having shallow emotional responses (No empathy to sympathy)
TED BUNDY
Jeffery dammer

Question 14

narcissism

Answer 14

an egotistical preoccupation with self-image and an excessive sense of self-importance
THINK UR THE SHIT AND NEED AN AGO CHECK

Question 15

authoritarian personality

Answer 15

tend to categorize the world as “us” versus “them” often leading to prejudice and violence against the “them” group

Question 16

right-wing authoritarianism

Answer 16

set of personality characteristic that predisposes people to certain types of violent or anti-social tendencies
-in society it leads to prejudice and aggression

Question 17

openness

Answer 17

use of synthesis-analysis and elaborative-processing learning styles

Question 18

conscientiousness

Answer 18

GPA And exam performance

Question 19

extroversion

Answer 19

higher relationship quality

Question 20

agreeableness

Answer 20

higher life satisfaction

Question 21

neuroticism

Answer 21

negatively related to academic success

Question 22

reciprocal determinism and social-cognitive approach

Answer 22

Albert Bandura personality is product of dynamic interactions between behavior and reinforcement, and importantly, the beliefs, expectancies and dispositions of the individual

Question 23

state

Answer 23

a temporary physical or psychological engagement that influence behaivior

Question 24

4 general aspects of situations

Answer 24

Locations
associations
activities
subject states

Question 25

WEIRD

Answer 25

Western, educated, industrialized, rich and Democratic societies

Question 26

Estimates of heritability

Answer 26

Openness: .57 Conscientiousness: .49 Extraversion: .54 Agreeableness:. 42 Neuroticism: .48

Question 27

unconscious processes and psychodynamics

Answer 27

Sigmund freud

Question 28

conscious mind

Answer 28

thoughts and perceptions currently in awareness

Question 29

unconscious mind

Answer 29

hidden thoughts, memories and desires, operation without your conscious endorsement or will to influence and guide your behaviors

Question 30

Denial

Answer 30

refusing to acknowledge unpleasant information, particularly about the self

Question 31

displacement

Answer 31

transforming an unacceptable impulse into a less unacceptable or neutral behavior

Question 32

identification

Answer 32

unconsciously assuming the characteristics of a more powerful person in order to reduce feelings of anxiety or negative feelings about the self

Question 33

projection

Answer 33

perceiving in other people the qualities that you don't want to admit to possessing yourself

Question 34

rationalization

Answer 34

attempting to hide your true motives (even from yourself) by providing what seems like a reasonable explanation for unacceptable feelings or behaviors

Question 35

reaction formation

Answer 35

altering an impulse that one finds personally unacceptable into its opposite

Question 36

repression

Answer 36

keeping distressing information out of conscious awareness by burying it in the unconscious

Question 37

sublimation

Answer 37

transforming unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable or even pro-social alternatives

Question 38

Oral (0-18 months)

Answer 38

Actions of the mouth sucking, chewing and swallowing

Question 39

Anal (18-36)

Answer 39

bowel elimination, control

Question 40

Phallic (3-6 years)

Answer 40

General's

Question 41

Latency (6 years until puberty)

Answer 41

External activities

Question 42

Genital (puberty to adulthood)

Answer 42

Sexual actives with others

Question 43

The Roschach Inkblot test

Answer 43

measure personality characteristics by analyzing the verbal responses clients use to describer what they see in an inkblot

Question 44

The thematic apperception test

Answer 44

individual is asked to tell a story about what is happening in the image. The responses to this task are believed by some to give an important insights into an individuals personality

Question 45

Figure drawing as a projective test

Answer 45

the content of drawing is anayqlzrd and interpreted by the therapist. These drawings are somewhat related to artistic ability and intelligence but no personality

Question 46

Carl Jung

Answer 46

Analytical psychology Personal, collective unconscious

Question 47

Alfred Adler and Karen Honey

Answer 47

Inferiority complex