Personality Disorders Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are 3 difficulties in diagnosing PD ?
- Criteria is not sharply defined
- Categories are not mutually exclusive
- Dimentional personailty characteristic
What was the goal of the 5-factor model of personality?
increase reliability of diagnosis
PDs may represent extreme levels of
normal personality traits
Negative affect is an extreme of?
High Neurotcism
Detachment is an extreme of?
Low extraversion = introversion
Antagonism is an extreme of? (Iain Crowell)
Extremely low agreeableness
Disinhibition is an extreme of?
Extremely low conscientiousness
Why is it difficult to study PD?
- Limited research
- High comorbidity -> hard to untangle
- New area of study
- Less want to come into lab
- Alot of studying has been retrospective therefore, tentative conclusions
Paranoid PD (6)
- Suspiciousness and distrustful of others
- See hidden meaning in remarks
- Tendency to see self as blameless
- On guard for perceived attacks by others
- Bear grudges
- Not usually psychotic; in touch with reality
Schizoid PD (Sheldon Cooper) (5)
- Impaired social relationships
- Inability and lack of desire to form attachments to others (loners)
- Unable to express feelings
- Generally, apathetic (rarely experience strong emotions like enthusiasm)
- High levels of introversion
Schizotypical PD (Crazy eyes) (4)
• Excessively introverted
• Peculiar thought patterns
• Oddities of perception and speech that interferes with communication and social interaction
• Highly personalized and superstitious thinking
o E.g. step on a crack and break your mothers back
Histrionic personality disorder (Paris Hilton) (3)
- Self-dramatization
- Overconcern with attractiveness
- Irritability and temper outbursts if attention seeking is frusterated
Narcissistic PD (trump) (6)
- Grandiosity
- Preoccupation with receiving attention (it’s all about them)
- Self-promoting
- Lack of empathy
- Hypercritical and retaliatory
- Two types one is vulnerable (a brittle type where they get hurt very easily) and the other is grandiose (where they think everything they touch turns to gold)
Antisocial PD (Bill Crosby) (5)
- Persistently disregard and violate others’ rights
- Inability to follow approved models of behavior
- Deceitfulness
- Shameless manipulation of others (kid in high school who always said no to the teachers)
- History of conduct problems as a child
Borderline PD (Angelina Jolie) (6)
- Impulsiveness
- Inappropriate anger
- Affective instability
- Drastic mood shifts
- Chronic feelings of boredom
- Attempts at self-mutilation (cutting) or suicide
Avoidant PD (Michael Jackson)
- Hypersensitivity to rejection or social derogation
- Self-conscious and self-critical
- Shyness
- Insecurity in social interaction and initiating relationships
Dependent PD
- Difficulty in separating in relationships
- Discomfort at being alone
- Subordination of needs to keep others involved in a relationship
- Indecisiveness
- People might argue this is an extreme form of agreeableness
Obsessive PD (Steve Jobs)
- Excessive concern with order, rules, and trivial details
- Perfectionism
- Lack of expressiveness and warmth
- Difficulty in relaxing and having fun
- Low openness and really high conscientiousness
Why are PDs difficult to treat? (4)
- Treatment difficulties: Hard to treat in general because they are enduring, flexible & pervasive
- Varied Goals: Many differnt goals of treatment can be fomulated and some are more difficult to reach than others
- Clinet’s resistance to change: most do not enter willingly
- Relationship formation challenges: PD causes rigid, ingrained personality traits that make it difficult to connect with people
