Persons (test 1)

Question 1

From when to when did Petrarch live?

Answer 1

1304-1374

Question 2

From when to when did Thomas More live?

Answer 2

1478-1535

Question 3

From when to when did Erasmus live?

Answer 3

1466-1536

Question 4

From when to when did Martin Luther live?

Answer 4

1483-1546

Question 5

Who killed William of Orange and what were his last words?

Answer 5

Balthasar Gérard
“My God, have pity on my soul; my God have pity on this poor people”

Question 6

Why was William of Orange popular in some parts of the Lower Countries?

Answer 6

Because he held a large propaganda with pamphlets and songs

Question 7

How did Calvin justify the Act of Abjuration?

Answer 7

Anyone who behelsd power on Earth receives a power from God and has to justify their actions to God. If a Monarch behaves bad to his people, God will support the people to break up the covenant

Question 8

What is called the beginning of the end of Alva?

Answer 8

The back and forth of cities resisting against Alva or not.

Question 9

Where did William of Orange from a mercenary army?

Answer 9

In exile Nassau, the lands of his German family

Question 10

Who were the first humanists?

Answer 10

Thales of Mitelus and Xenophanes of Clophon

Question 11

Who is also called the father of humanism?

Answer 11

Petrarch

Question 12

What is the book of Thomas More called?

Answer 12

Utopia

Question 13

Where did Erasmus live?

Answer 13

Rotterdam

Question 14

What were the favorite authors of Petrarch?

Answer 14

Cicero, Livy and Virgil

Question 15

Where did Petrarch live?

Answer 15

Avignon

Question 16

Why is Petrarch called the father of humanism?

Answer 16

He was well known for his work in rediscovering Ancient Greek texts and translating Bible texts.

Question 17

What is the book of Petrarch called?

Answer 17

De Remediis Utriusque Fortuneae (Remedies for Furtune Fair and Foul)

Question 18

What did Petrarch believe?

Answer 18

Instead of leading life as simple as possible to get closer to God, use the intelligence, curiosity and creativity God gave humans.

Question 19

Tow his was Thomas More a personal adviser?

Answer 19

Henry VIII, the king of England himself

Question 20

Which other humanist was a close friend of Thomas More?

Answer 20

Erasmus

Question 21

How is the book of Erasmus called?

Answer 21

The Praise of Folly

Question 22

What were Eramusses ideas? (5)

Answer 22

1. Simpler, more personal relationship with God
2. The church to stop pardoning people’s sins
3. The church to stop teaching people to believe in saints and relics
4. The church to stop telling people to go on pilgrimages
5. The church to translate the Bible into a vernacular

Question 23

Why did Henry propose the Act of Abjuration?

Answer 23

He wanted a divorce but the pope didn’t give it to him

Question 24

What got Thomas More killed? (Also name the reason)

Answer 24

Beheaded for opposing his King

Question 25

What was the intention of Thomas More and what did he actually do?

Answer 25

He’d wanted to reform the Catholic Church, but he ended up splitting off from it

Question 26

Who refused to arrest Martin Luther and hid him away in one of his castles?

Answer 26

Frederick III

Question 27

What bothered Martin Luther of the church?

Answer 27

1. The Catholic Church was corrupt 2. They declared people to be saints and encouraged people to go on pilgrimages to visit their relics (this was never mentioned in the Bible) 3. The great scale of indulgences

Question 28

What was, in Luther’s opinion, believing?

Answer 28

A personal relationship with God

Question 29

Which group formed, in the absence of Luther?

Answer 29

Lutherans. They used Luther’s protests to justify violence against popes and priests and to split of from the Catholic Church. Luther was very upset by this

Question 30

Why was Luther upset by the Lutherans?

Answer 30

He wanted change to come peacefully

Question 31

What was the belief of Charles V?

Answer 31

He was a devout Catholic

Question 32

How did King Henry IV end the conflicts in France?

Answer 32

With the Edict of Nantes

Question 33

Why did pope Paul IV create the Index?

Answer 33

As a reaction to Protestant writings

Question 34

When did Emperor Charles V step down?

Answer 34

1555

Question 35

What city did Charles V pick as his Capital?

Answer 35

Brussels

Question 36

What did Charles V swear in 1540?

Answer 36

To make the Low Countries Catholic again

Question 37

Who did Philip II appoint as governor and ruler?

Answer 37

Margret of Parma

Question 38

Who was the one who appointed stadtholders?

Answer 38

Philip II

Question 39

Who sent the Compromise of Nobles to Philip II?

Answer 39

Margret of Parma

Question 40

Why did Margret of Parma agree to the demands of the Protestants during the IF?

Answer 40

Because she made a deal that they would help restore the order in the Low Countries

Question 41

Why did Philip sent Alva to the Low Countries?

Answer 41

Because the news of the Iconoclasm reached him

Question 42

Who set up the Council of Troubles (also called the Council of Blood)?

Answer 42

the Duke of Alva

Question 43

Who was Laura?

Answer 43

A woman Petrarch fell in love with at first sight. He wrote a lot of poems about her

Question 44

What were the last words of Thomas More?

Answer 44

“The king’s good servant, but God’s first”.

Question 45

Philip was so devoted to the Catholic Church he said: (quote)

Answer 45

“I would rather lose all my lands and a hundred lives than be king over heretics”

Question 46

From when to when did Jan Steen live?

Answer 46

1626-1679