PG more dependant on GOV support than any other factor

Question 1

weaker, status determines success

Answer 1

-negotiate behind scenes
- in whitehall may be given opportunity to draft legislation
- private healthcare comp draft leg on Health+Social Care Act- benefit
- close to parties, influence policy - IEA ties to senior cons, kwarteng, truss mini budget several tax cutting measures
-outsider lack impact, public sector unions strikes 2023, did not lead to pay rises that kept up with inflation, NFU 2025 protest little impact outside under Lab now

Question 2

not all insiders succeed, not all outsider fail, status does not determine success

Answer 2

-CBI close to con but opposed brexit but went thru
-status changes - NFU
- Liberty campaign on govs partial repeal of Covid Act in 2021 to erase lockdown restrictions
- ACORN (rights of renters), persuaded gov to clamp down on no fault evictions in the Renters Reform Bill

Question 3

PG with financial resources + large membership have impact

Answer 3

-subscriptions to run offices, pay staff and publicity
- RSPCA has to pay employees and advisements
-membership size can persuade gov as it reflects public opinion
- Royal society for the protection of birds 1 MILLION members Biggest

Question 4

size does not always bring success, tactics expertise and leadership is more important

Answer 4

• 2016 AAA of roads and cars provided evidence and stats to persuade gov to increase penalties for using mobiles while driving (May 2022 law)
• 2022/23 rail strikes success due to leader who was confident and careful in front of media using a “peaceful picket” to maintain support
• 2022 trans rights group lobbied for easing process of transition- advocated for GRB
• Teachers unions in scotland/wales received better pay deals than NEU Eng
• tactic=epetitons, end period poverty campaign petition to scrap tampon tax - Result scraping VAT

Question 5

public support lead to success

Answer 5

• snow drop campaign to ban tbe use of handguns - success due to public reaction 1996 Dunblane massacre
• celeb endorsement, rashford free school meals over holidays and Jeremy clarkson farmers union
• coalition for marriage failed in campaign to end gay marriage as public was for the issue
• public against outsider group tactics - EX JSO
• civil disobedience, people who would have been sympathetic to cause of climate change now annoyed
• led to PSC 2022 and Public order 2023

Question 6

gov attitudes matter more than public opinion

Answer 6

• insider = gov will listen + knowledgable, specialists
• national union of students to stop tuition free increase and disability rights group to end bedroom tax
• both failed despite celeb endorsement and good campaigns because gov did not share interest
• 2015 con determine for 7 day NHS policy, BMA campaign against it failed
• Tories not shift plans to be carbon neutral 2050 - EX mission
• Lab pushback 2030
• Sunak 100 new NS licences