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mind map questions (IOE/HHP) > pH and Buffers > Flashcards

pH and Buffers Flashcards

1
Q

What is the hendersen Hasselbalch equation used to calculate?

A

PH

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2
Q

what is the Henderson hasselbalch equation?

A

pH=pKA+log (Conjugate base/acid)

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3
Q

What is an acid?

A

a substance that acts as a proton donor

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4
Q

What is a conjugate base?

A

a substance that acts as a proton acceptor

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5
Q

What is a reversible reaction

A

A reaction that works in both directions but favours one side more than the other

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6
Q

Explain acid-base reactions

A

when acid base reactions occur in an aqueous state the strongest acid will be revealed

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7
Q

What does KA represent?

A

The equilibrium constant

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8
Q

What is the midpoint?

A

when half of the bases have accepted a proton

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9
Q

Why is the pKA important at the midpoint?

A

The pKA at this point is the same as the pH

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10
Q

What is the endpoint?

A

When all the bases have accepted a proton

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11
Q

What is normally the intracellular pH?

A

7.4

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12
Q

What are the 3 main buffers?

A
  • phosphate
  • Histadine
  • Bicarbonate
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13
Q

Why is histadine an important buffer?

A
  • It is the only amino acid with a pKA value near 7.4
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14
Q

What is a buffer?

A
  • A molecule that resists changes in pH
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15
Q

What is Cariogenesis?

A

The process of producing caries

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16
Q

What is the chemical formula for bicarbonate?

A

HCO3

17
Q

What is the enamel pellicle?

A

The tooth biofilm

18
Q

What happens in the buffering system that doesn’t happen during buffering in other parts of the body?

A

in saliva the protons are eliminated not just buffered

- this occurs as they are released into the environment through CO2 in exhalation

19
Q

What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?

A

When the position of the equilibrium changes to minimise the effect of any imposed change in conditions

20
Q

What is the common ion effect?

A
  • By adding a common ion the weak acid or base is prevented from ionising as much
21
Q

What is a common ion?

A

An ion present on both sides of an equilibrium reaction

mind map questions (IOE/HHP) (13 decks)

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