Pharm Flashcards
(33 cards)
contraindications to heparin use?
- hemorhage
- hemophilia
- active gastroduodenal ulcer
- thrombocytopenia
- allergy
- recent major trauma
- hemorhagic CVA
MOA of LMWH
inactives factor Xa
LMWH will accumulate in ______
renal failure
enoxaparin AKA
clexane
prophylactic dose of enoxaparin?
40 mg SC OD
Innohep =
tinzaparin
unfractionated heparin MOA
binds antithrombin and inhibits thrombin, factor Xa and IXa
uses of unfractionated heparin?
- anticoagulation for prosthetic heart valves
- acute limb ischemia
dose and monitoring of heparin?
- stat 5000 IU bolus
- 1000 IU / hour
- check aptt 4- 6 hrs and aim for apt of 60-90
warfarin MOA
inhibits vitamin K dependent clotting factors
how to reverse warfarin?
- Vitamin K
- Prothrombin concentrate complex
- fresh frozen plasma
advantages of NOACs
- no need for INR monitoring
- no bridging
- short half life - out of system in 24-75 hours
aspirin MOA
- cyclooxegenase inhibitor
- inhibits platelet aggregatin
whats is the dose for low dose aspirin?
75 mg
what is the dose for high dose aspirin?
300 mg
plavix AKA
clopidegrel
MOA of clopidegrel
ADP receptor antagonist, block platelet aggregation
what is the WHO pain ladder?
- single analgesics
- weak opioids
- strong opioids
paracetomol drug name
acetominophen
metabolism of paracetomol?
hepatic
NSAIDs
inhibit COX1 and COX2
-analgesic and antiinflammatory effect
what are the weak opioids?
tramadol
codeine
side effects of opioids?
-constipation, nausea/vomiting, hypotension, drowsiness, toxicity, dependence
what should you prescribe with opioids?
laxative and antiemetic
