Pharm 30 Flashcards
Bind non-selectively to central and peripheral H1 receptors & may result in CNS stimulation or depression
First generation antihistamines
Selective for peripheral H1 receptors and, as a group, are less sedating
Second generation antihistamines
Anticholinergic actions of antihistamines affect the respiration system & include (2)
Dryness of mouth, nose & throat
Thickening of bronchial secretions
Cause less drowsiness and fewer anticholinergic effects than some of the others antihistamines
Second generation preparations
(Loratadine)
Sympathomimetic, in that they produce localized vasoconstriction of the small blood vessels of the nasal membranes similar to adrenergic drugs
Nasal decongestants
Examples of nasal decongestants (2-2trades)
Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
oxymetazoline (Afrin)
The use of oral decongestants may result in the following adverse reactions (3)
Tachycardia and other cardiac arrhythmias
Nervousness, restlessness & insomnia
Blurred vision
Decongestants are used cautiously in clients with the following (2)
Diabetes mellitus
Glaucoma
Decongestant administered with MAOIs
Interaction
Severe headache
Decongestant administered with beta blocker interaction
Initial hypertension episode followed by bradycardia
Increase the production of respiratory secretions, which in turn appear to decrease the viscosity of the mucus. This helps to raise secretions from the respiratory passages
Expectorants (guaifenesin)
Opioid antitussives are contraindicated in
Premature infants or during labor when delivery of a premature infant is anticipated
Antitussives are given with caution to clients with (6)
A persistent or chronic cough
Cough accompanied by excessive secretions
High fever
Rash
Persistent headache
N/V
Eucalyptus is used as a (2) it should not be used (2)
Decongestant & expectorant
During pregnancy/ lactation
Children younger than 2
Before initial admin of drug pre admin subjective data SATA (4)
Type and duration of symptoms (sputum description)
Sinus pain
Chest pains
Cough
