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Pharmacology > Pharm 4 Drugs > Flashcards

Pharm 4 Drugs Flashcards

(181 cards)

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1
Q

Fluoxetine (Prozac and Sarafem)

A 
SSRI
Anti-Depressant/PMDD
Longest half-life (1-3 days)
Activating
Weight neutral
2D6 inhibitor
Prozac for PTSD/MDD
Sarafem for PMDD
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2
Q

Paroxetine (Paxil)

A 
SSRI
Anti-depressant
Panic disorder
PTSD
MDD
Sedating
Weight gain
Cardiac septal defects in 1st trimester (D/X)
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3
Q

Paroxetine (Brisdell)

A

SSRI

Hot Flashes

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4
Q

Citalopram (Celexa)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
No CYP450
QT prolongation @>40mg/day

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5
Q

Escitalopram (Lexapro)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
No CYP450
weight neutral

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6
Q

Sertraline (Zoloft)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
Activating

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7
Q

Vortioxetine (Brintellix)

A

SSRI
Anti-depressant
May be stopped abruptly
CYP2D6 Inhibitor

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8
Q

Fluoxamine (Luvox)

A 
SSRI
Anti-depressant
OCD ONLY
Shortest half life (15 h)
Sedating
2D6 inhibitor
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9
Q

Nefazodone (Serzone)

A 
Serotonin 2 receptor antagonist
Anti-depressant
Anxious depression
BBW: Liver failure
3A4 Inhibitor
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10
Q

Trazodone (Desyrel)

A

Serotonin 2 receptor antagonist
Antidepressant
Clinically used for sleep

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11
Q

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Dose related effect on NE
<150 = Serotonin
225 = SNRI
Tx resistant depression
GAD
PTSD 1st line
^BP
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12
Q

Desvenlafaxine (Pristiq)

A

SNRI
antidepressant
Metabolite of venlafaxine
2nd line for MDD

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13
Q

Levomilnacipran (Fetxmia)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Strong NE inhibition
Depression only
HypoNA
^BP
CYP3A4 Substrate
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14
Q

Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A 
SNRI
Antidepressant
Dose dependent
GAD diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Fibromyalgia
Chronic musculoskeletal pain
Don't use in hepatic insufficiency or renal shit
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15
Q

Mirtazapine (Remeron)

A 
Serotonin receptor antagonist
Noradrenergic Antagonist
Antidepressant
Does not have reuptake inhibition
Low doses sedate
high dose insomnia
lower dose for CrCl 30
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16
Q

Amitriptyline (Elavil)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anticholinergic
moderate alpha blockade 
weight gain
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17
Q

Nortriptyline (Pamelor)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
Moderate sedation/anticholinergic
Low alpha blockade
AVG weight gain 2 kg/4-12wk
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18
Q

Doxepin (Sinequan)

A 
TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anicholinergic/alpha blockade
Childhood enuresis
depression
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19
Q

Desipramine (Pertofrane)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
Low Sedation/Anticholinergic
Moderate alpha blockade

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20
Q

Clomipramine (Anafranil)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
High sedation/anticholinergic/alpha blockade
Approved for OCD

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21
Q

Imipramine (Tofranil)

A

TCA
Antidepressant
Moderate sedation/anticholinergic
high alpha blockade

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22
Q

Bupropion HCL (Wellbutrin, Zyban)

A 
Atypical (Norepinephrine/Dopamine)
Antidepressant
(Zyban)Smoking cessation
ADHD
Weight loss
Less sexual dysfunction
seizure risk
14 days between MAOI
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23
Q

Phenelzine (Nardil)

A

MAOI
Very limited use
Non Selective MAOI
Last line agent

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24
Q

Tranylcypromine (Parnate)

A

MAOI
Very limited use
Non selective MAOI
Last line agent

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25
Selegiline transdermal (Emsam)
MAOI Major Depressive disorder MAO-B inhibitor less sexual dysfunction
26
Carbamazepine (Equetro/Tegretol)
Antimanic/Anticonvulsant Bipolar Bipolar/Mixed episodes Posterior cleft palate
27
Lithium Carbonate (Lithane)
``` Bipolar Anti-manic/Mixed episodes Resistant depression Neuroprotective Manic and Depressive Not for rapid cyclers Narrow therapeutic index -thyroid fx Nephrogenic DI Edema ```
28
Val-price acid, Divalproex sodium/ Divalproex acid (Depakote/Depakene)
Bipolar Antimanic/anticonvulsant Preferred for rapid cycles, effective as lithium in acute and prophylactic management.
29
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
``` Bipolar Antimanic/Anticonvulsant Maintenance therapy Effective against the depressed phase of bipolar disorder Lenox Gastaut SJS ```
30
Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
Parkinson’s Dopamine agonist Semisynthetic ergot derivate Pleuro/Cardiac fibrosis
31
Pramipexole (Mirapex)
Parkinson’s Dopamine agonist (D2) RLS
32
Ropinirole (Requip)
Dopamine agonist (D2) Parkinson’s Monotherapy (Mild) RLS
33
Apomorphine (Apokyn)
``` Parkinson’s Dopamine agonist (post synaptic D2) Treats off episodes SQ Pen Severe NV take trimethobenzamide first ```
34
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Parkinson’s | Precursor to dopamine/decarboxylase inhibitor
35
Selegiline (EMSAM)(Patch)
``` Parkinson’s MAO-B inhibitor Major depressive disorder Adjunct parkinsons Serotonin syndrome Insomnia ```
36
Selegiline (Eldepryl or Deprenyl)
Parkinson’s | MAO-B inhibitor
37
Rasagiline (azilect)
``` Parkinson’s Selective irreversible MAO-B inhibitors Parkinsons adjunct Serotonin syndrome Avoid tyramine ```
38
Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Parkinson’s Antiviral NMDA receptor inhibitor Livedo Reticularis
39
Tolcapone (Tasmar)
Parkinson’s COMT inhibitor Hepatotoxic needs consent
40
Entacapone (Comtan)
``` Parkinson’s COMT inhibitor Orange Pee No BBB Must be used with carbidopa/levodopa ```
41
Benztropine (Cogentin)
Parkinson’s Anti-cholinergics Drug induced Parkinson’s Controls EP symptoms
42
Trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
Parkinson’s Anticholinergics Drug induced parkinsons
43
Levodopa/Carbidopa/Entacapone (Stalevo)
Parkinson’s
44
Trimethobenzamide (Titan)
Parkinson’s | Antiemetic used in parkinsons
45
Diazepam (Valium)
Benzodiazepine Anti-anxiety/Anticonvulsant Prolonged febrile seizure tx Status epilepticus Emergent
46
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzodiazepine Anti-anxiety Anticonvulsant Status epilepticus emergent
47
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Benzodiazepine | Anti-anxiety
48
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Benzodiazepine Anti-anxiety Alcohol withdrawal
49
Temazepam (Restoril)
Benzodiazepine | Hypnotic
50
Flurazepam (Dalmane)
Benzodiazepine | Hypnotic
51
Quazepam (Doral)
benzodiazepine | Hypnotic
52
Estazolam (ProSom)
Benzodiazepine | Hypnotic
53
Triazolam (Halcion)
Benzodiazepine | Hypnotic
54
Midazolam (Versed)
Benzodiazepine Preoperative sedation Status epilepticus emergent Status Epilepticus Refractory
55
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Benzodiazepine | Anticonvulsant
56
Clorazepate (Tranxene)
Benzodiazepine | Anticonvulsant
57
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Benzodiazepine antagonist Benzodiazepine antidote may induce seizure
58
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Hypnotic IR for going to sleep CR for staying asleep
59
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Hypnotic Short term insomnia tx initiates sleep no daytime somnolence
60
Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
Hypnotic | Metallic taste
61
Suvorexant (Belsomra)
Hypnotic | Orexin receptor antagonist
62
Ramelton (Rozerem)
Hypnotic Melatonin receptor agonist No limited short term use
63
Tasimelteon (Hetlioz)
Hypnotic Melatonin receptor agonist blind people need sleep too
64
Buspirone (Buspar)
Anti-anxiety | Resistant depression
65
Secobarbital (Seconal)
``` Barbituate Sedative insomnia SJS Bone marrow suppression Hepatotoxicity Osteopenia ```
66
Phenobarbital
``` Barbituate Anticonvulsant Sedative Tonic clonic Refractory status epileptics Prolonged febrile seizure tx Status Epilepticus Urgent Cardiac malformation Apnea with rapid infusion ```
67
Pentobarbital
Barbituate Sedative Anticonvulsant Status Epilepticus Refractory
68
Methohexital (Brevital Sodium)
``` Barbituate Induction and maintenance of anesthesia SJS Bone marrow suppression hepatotoxicity Osteopenia ```
69
Amobarbital (Amytal)
Barbituate Sedative Insomnia
70
Thiopental (Pentothal)
Barbituate Anesthesia Induction Insomnia
71
Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)
Selective alpha 2 agonist | ICU sedation of initially intubated patients
72
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
``` Anticonvulsant Fast Na channel blocker Status epilepticus Plasma protein bound careful with anticoagulants free phenytoin 1-2.5 mcg/ml Status epilepticus Urgent Cleft palate ```
73
Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
``` Anticonvulsant Prodrug for phenytoin Status epilepticus Parenteral administration 1mg phenytoin=1.5mg of phosphenytoin Status Epilepticus Urgent ```
74
Gabapentin (neurontin)
``` Anticonvulsant Spaslmolytic Diabetic Neuropathy Herpetic neuralgia ADE: weight gain ```
75
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Anticonvulsant
76
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
``` Anticonvulsant oral Fast Na channel blocker Generalized tonic clonic simple/partial trigeminal neuralgia Acute mania Added to lithium for refractory Bipolar HLA-B1502 SJS Agranulocytosis ```
77
Oxcarbazepine (Trileptal)
Anticonvulsant | Fewer adverse effects than carbamazepine
78
Valproic Acid, Divalproex Sodium/Divalproex acid (Depakote/Depakene)
``` Anticonvulsant Acute/prophylactic bipolar management DOC manic Rapid cyclers ADE: Hair loss Spina bifida BBW: hepatic failure tetrogenic ```
79
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Anticonvulsant Lennox Gastaut Aplastic anemia Liver Failure
80
Primidone (Mysoline)
Anticonvulsant | Metabolized to phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide
81
Midazolam (Versed)
Anticonvulsant | Refractory status epilepticus
82
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Anticonvulsant | Absence seizure DOC
83
Mag Sulfate
Anticonvulsant | Pre-eclampsia or eclampsia
84
Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
``` Anticonvulsant Bipolar mood stabilizer Doesn't play well with valproic acid Give extra if taking carbamazepine Aseptic meningitis in kids ```
85
Topiramate (Topamax)
``` Anticonvulsant Absence seizure adjunct Lenox Gastaut Migrain prophylaxis ADE Memory impairment Metabolic acidosis Tetragenic ```
86
Levetiracetam (Keppra)
Anticonvulsant Myoclonic seizures in >12 Lenox Gastaut
87
Vigabatrin (Sabril)
Anticonvulsant Irreversibly inhibits GABA-t Infantile spasm Restricted distribution program
88
Tigabine (Gabitril)
``` Anticonvulsant Adjunctive partial seizure SJS TEN Nonconvultive Status Epilepicus ```
89
Lacosamiede (Vimpat)
Anticonvulsant C-V Prolonged PR interval
90
Ezogabine (Potiga)
``` Anticonvulsant C-V Potassium channels Urinary issues Visual issues ```
91
Zonisamide (Zonegran)
``` Anticonvulsant PO Bipolar disorder SJS Aplastic anemia Sulfonamide ```
92
Pregabalin (Lyrica)
Anticonvulsant Partial onset siezure Neuropathic pain RLS
93
Dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine)
CNS Stimulant ADHD Narcolepsy
94
Atomoxetine (Strattera)
``` CNS Stimulant Non-Stimulant ADHD Blocks NE reuptake First line agent more aggression ```
95
Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Methylin, Concerta, Daytrana (transdermal))
CNS Stimulants ADHD Narcolepsy
96
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)
CNS stimulant ADHD Narcolepsy
97
Amphetamine & Dextroamphetamine (Adderall)
CNS Stimulant ADHD Narcolepsy
98
Clondine (Kapvay)
``` CNS Stimulant ADHD Not controlled A2 agonist Intolerant to stimulants Impusive behavior Tourettes ```
99
Guanfacine (Intuniv)
``` CNS Stimulant ADHD Not controlled Monotherapy Tic disorders Worsens depression ```
100
Modafinil (Provigil)
CNS Stimulant Narcolepsy Shift work
101
Armodafinil (Nuvigil)
CNS Stimulant Narcolepsy Shift work
102
Phentermine (Fastin)
Anti obesity agent Anorexiant weightloss
103
Orlistat (Xenical)
Anti obesity agent | Lipase inhibitor
104
Naltrexone/Bupropion (Contrave)
Anti obesity agent | Weightloss
105
Caffeine
Anti obesity agent | CNS Stimulant
106
Phentermine/Topiramate XL (Osymia)
Anti Obesity Agent | Weightloss similar to amphetamine
107
Phentermine (Adipex)
Anti Obesity agent | Weightloss similar to amphetamine
108
Tenuate (Diethylpropin)
anti obesity agent | weight loss similar to amphetamine
109
Lorcaserin (Belviq)
anti obesity agent weight loss similar to amphetamine Serotonin syndrome
110
Sibutramine (Meridia)
anti obesity agent | weight loss similar to amphetamine
111
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
Neuroleptic Typical low potency Antipsychotic Hiccups Retina pigment deposit
112
Thioridazine (Mellaril)
``` Neuroleptic typical low potency Antipsychotic high anticholinergic Sedation BBW Torsades/sudden death ```
113
Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
Neuroleptic typical low potency Antipsychotic Long acting (IM)
114
Trifuloperazine (Stelazine)
Neuroleptic typical low potency Antipsychotic Generalized non psychotic anxiety (Short term) tx
115
Heloperidol (Haldol)
``` Neuroleptic typical low potency Antipsychotic Acute agitation tics tourettes IM lasts 1 month NO IV ```
116
Clozapine (Clozaril)
``` Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic not for acute mania Tx of parkinson's cognitive D/O for its who are resistant to others reduces suicide risk BBW Agranulocytosis fatal myocarditis ```
117
Risperidone (Risperdal)
``` Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic acute mania ADE Hyperprolactinemia Highest atypical EPS ```
118
Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
``` Neuroleptic atypical antipsychotic acute mania Not associated with agranulocytosis weight gain HOTN ```
119
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
``` Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic acute mania Tx of parkinson's cognitive D/O DOC psychosis w/Parkinson Very sedating ADE Cataracts ```
120
Asenapine (Saphris)
Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic Bipolar
121
Lurasidone (Latuda)
Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic acute mania administer with food
122
Iloperidone (Fanapt)
``` Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic Not for acute mania Schizophrenia only Orthostatic HOTN QT prolongation Esophageal dysmotility ```
123
Ziprasidone (Geodon)
Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic short half life BID QT prolongation/cataracts
124
Paliperidone (INVEGA)
``` Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic Metabolite of risperidone ER tablets IM injections ```
125
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Neuroleptic Atypical Antipsychotic ADE Tardive
126
Asenapine (Saphris)
Neuroleptic Atypical agent for schizophrenia Bipolar sublingual
127
Ketamine (Ketalar)
Anesthetic | Induction anesthesia
128
Propofol (Diprivan)
Anesthetic Induction anesthesia Status Epilepticus Refractory
129
Fospropofol (Lusedra)
Anesthetic | Induction anesthesia
130
Etomidate (Amidate)
Anesthetic | Induction anesthesia
131
Halothane (Fluothane)
Anesthetic | Inhalation general anesthetic
132
Enflurane (Ethrane)
Anesthetic | Inhalation General anesthetic
133
Isoflurane (Forane)
anesthetic | inhalation general anesthetic
134
desflurane (suprane)
anesthetic | Inhalation general anesthetic
135
Sevoflurane (Ultane)
Anesthetic | Inhalation General anesthetic
136
Atacurium (Tacrium)
Anesthetic, Don-depolar | neuromuscular blocker
137
Cisatracurium (Nimbex)
anesthetic, non-depolar | neuromuscular blocker
138
Mivacurium (Mivacron)
anesthetic, non depolar | neuromuscular blocker
139
Pancuronium (Pavulon)
anesthetic, non depolar | neuromuscular blocker
140
Rocuronium (Zemuron)
anesthetic non depolar | neuromuscular blocker
141
Vecuronium (Norcuron)
Anesthetic non depolar | neuromuscular blocker
142
Neostigmine (Prostigmin)
Anesthetic, AchE inhibitor | reversal agent for neuromuscular blocker
143
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
Anesthetic, AchE inhibitor | Reversal agent for Neuromuscular blocker
144
Edrophonium (Enlon)
Anesthetic, AchE inhib | Reversal agent for Neuromuscular blocker
145
Succinylcholine (Anectine/Quelicin)
Anesthetic, Depolarizing Neuromuscular blocker Rapid intubation
146
Benzocaine (American)
Local Anesthetic
147
Chloroprocaine (Nesacaine)
Local Anesthetic
148
Cocaine (Crack, Blow, Snow, Toot)
Local Anesthetic
149
Procaine (Novocaine)
Local Anesthetic
150
Tetracaine (Pontocaine)
Local Anesthetic
151
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Local Anesthetic
152
Mepivacaine (Carbocaine)
Local Anesthetic
153
Dibucaine (Nupercainal)
Local Anesthetic
154
Bupivicaine (Marcaine)
Local Anesthetic
155
Articaine (Septocaine)
Local Anesthetic
156
Levobupivacaine (Chirocaine)
Local Anesthetic
157
Prilocaine (Citanest)
Local Anesthetic
158
Ropivacaine (Naropin)
Local Anesthetic
159
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Misc. | Alcohol Dependency
160
Acamprosate (Campral)
Misc. | Alcohol Dependency
161
Naltrexone (Revia)
Misc. | Opioid antagonist used in alcohol treatment programs
162
Fenugreek
Herbal | Enhance insulin release
163
Garlic
Herbal Used hyperlipidemia HTN
164
St. Johns Wort
Herbal | Depression
165
Saw Palmetto
Herbal | Treatment of micturition difficulties associated with BPH
166
Chromium
Herbal | Decrease blood glucose levels and HgbA1c
167
Echinacea
Herbal | Supportive therapy for infections of upper respiratory and lower urinary tract
168
Ginko Biloba
Herbal | Cerebral Circulatory disturbances
169
Ginseng
Herbal
170
Ginger
Herbal | Nausea Vomiting
171
Valerian Root
Herbal | Insomnia
172
Melatonin
Herbal | Insomnia
173
Whey Protein
Herbal | Increase lean body mass
174
Black Cohosh
Herbal | Premenstrual and hot flashes caused by menopause
175
Dong Quai
Herbal | Premenstrual and menopausal vasomotor symptoms
176
Chaste Tree Berry
Herbal | Premenstrual and menopausal vasomotor symptoms
177
Cranberry
Herbal | Recurrent urinary tract infections
178
Fish oil omega 3
``` Herbal HTN Hyperlipidemia Mental health (Bipolar) Coronary heart disease ```
179
Red yeast rice
Herbal | Cholesterol
180
Asian Ginseng
Herbal Adaptogen: tonic to combat feelings of lassitude and debility, lack of energy, and ability to concentrate, and during convalescence
181
Siberian Ginseng
Herbal | Adaptogen like asian ginseng

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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