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Robbins Pathology MSK (Chapters 24,25,26) > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

(58 cards)

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1
Q

Is probenicid a sulfa drug?

A

Yes

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2
Q

How is ziconotide administered

A

Only for chronic pain as it is administered intrathecally

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3
Q

What class of drug is duloxetine

A

Antidepressant SNRI

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4
Q

What is the mechanism of action for clonidine

A

Alpha 2 agonist

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5
Q

What is the drug sulfinpyrazone most similar to

A

Probenecid

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6
Q

COX1 tends to be expressed in which locations

A

All tissues all the time, with the prominent role in responding to physiological stimuli

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7
Q

How does ASA differ from other NSAIDs

A

ASA i irreversible while others are reversible

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action for anakinra

A

IL1 antagonist

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9
Q

What are the properties of a drug that ends in:

-mab

A

Monoclonal Ab

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10
Q

What are the properties of a drug that ends in:

-zumab

A

Humanized mAb

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11
Q

When are glucocorticoids particularly effective

A

When waiting for other long drugs to kick in, or when there is a flare up

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12
Q

What is the adverse reaction seen with rituximab

A

Infusion hypersensitivity rxn

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13
Q

How is ketamine different than most anesthetics

A

Actually raises the blood pressure

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action for tofacitinub

A

JAK3 antagonist (Decreased IL-17 and IFN-gamma) and CD4

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15
Q

What type of drug is pregabalin

A

Antiepileptic

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16
Q

What are the conditions that pregabalin is approved to treat

A

1) Neuropathic pain with DM
2) postherpetic neuralgia
3) Partial seizures
4) fibromyalgia

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17
Q

What are the most common adverse effects of tocilizumab

A

URI

-Life threatening infections like TB

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18
Q

What are the properties of a drug that ends in:

-umab

A

-Human mAb origin

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19
Q

What is the mechanism of action for adalimumab

A

Anti TNF (subQ every 2 weeks)

***Best selling drug in the world

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20
Q

What is the effect of other NSAIDs on the effect of ASA

A

It atagoniszes because the receptors are already saturated

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21
Q

What is the mechanism of actio for hydroxychloroquine, what is it normally used to treat, and how does it cause immunosupression

A

Radiates the pH of the cell, usually used to treat malaria, and the increased pH in the lysosomes lead to decreased presentation of the antigen on MHC2

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22
Q

What is the mechanism of action for celecoxib

A

COX2 inhibitor

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23
Q

What are the contraindications for NSAID use

A
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Gastric ulcer
  • heart failure or uncontrolled HTN
  • Allergy
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24
Q

What is the mechanism of action for infliximab

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A

Anti TNF (IV every 6 weeks)

25
What is the mechansim of action for sulfalazine, its normal use, and how it causes immunosupression
Sulfpyridine is the active agent (as opposed to 5-ASA in IBD), normally used in IBD
26
What is the effect of acetaminophen on warfarin
-Inhibits metabolism of it, so increased risk of bleeding
27
What are the general trends of biological DMARDs
- Faster onset - High rate of response - More expensive - Increased risk for side effects
28
What is the MOA of pregabalin
-Bind to alpha2-delta on the VGCalcium channel in the CNS
29
What is the downside of COX2 only inhibitors
Increase the risk for MI and stroke | Does not inhibit platelet aggregation (does eliminate bleeding tho)
30
What kind of drug is tramadol
Antidepressant and weak mu *blocks NE and 5HT reuptake by blocking MAO
31
What makes Aspirin so effective in the Inhibition of platelet aggregation
It is irreversible Inhibition of COX, so the effect is felt for the lifetime of the platelet, which is 8 days
32
What type of drug is gabapentin
Antiepileptic drug
33
How does acetaminophen differ from other NSAIDs
Suppresses pain and fever, but no inflammation | -No GI ulcers, platelet aggregation suppression, or renal impairment
34
What is the difference between feboxustat and allopurinol
Allopurinol is purine competitive inhibitor | Feboxustat is a nonpuring competitive inhibitor
35
What is the mechanism of action for etanercept
Anti-TNF (IV 1 or 2 x/week)
36
What is the mechanism of action for tocilizumab
IL6 antagonist
37
What is the mechanism of action for dexmedetomidine
Alpha 2 agonist
38
How does methotrexate cause antiinflammatory effects
Blocks the synthesis of purine by acting as a folate analog. There is the buildup of adenosine which binds to the GCPR and acts as an anti inflammatory
39
How does pegloticase work
Covelently attaches to methyoxy polyethylene glycol and converts uric acid into allantoin
40
What is the mechanism of action for abatacept
Prevents CD28 bindings to CD80/86
41
Where and when does COX2 tend to be expressed
In some tissue and is induced sometimes
42
What are the effects to TCA and other antidepressant
Anticholinergic, tachycardia, nausea/vomiting, sedation and mental clouding
43
What class of drug is amitriptyline
Antidepressant TCA
44
What is the MOA for ketamine
NMDA antagonist
45
What kind of drug is tapentadol
Antidepressant and weak mu *Blocks NE and 5HT reuptake and inhibition of MAO
46
What is the mechanism of action for lefunomide, its normal use, and its mechanism of action in immunosupression
Inhibits dihydrooratate dehydrogenase, which blocks proliferation of T cells
47
What is the most common adverse effect of leflunomide
Diarrhea, respiratory infection, alopecia, rash, nausea
48
What is the rule of thumb when used biological DMARDs
Never combine biological DMARDs with one another *Can be used with a nonbiological though
49
What are the properties of a drug that ends in: | -cept
Fusion of the receptor to the Fc part of IgG1
50
What are the potent NSAIDs that are recommended for Acute Gout
- Naproxen - Indomethacin - Celecoxib
51
What is the only biological DMARD that is not injection
Tofacitinib
52
What is the risk factor with hydroxychloroquine
Retinal damage
53
Which HLA can increase the risk of Stevens Johnson syndrome with allopurinol
HLA-B*5801 Commonly seen in Thai and Han Chinese
54
What are the properties of a drug that ends in: | -ximab
Chimeric antibody
55
What are the side effects of sulfasalazine
- GI effectors - a sulfa drug - Inhibts folate uptake, so supplementation may be needed
56
Is hydroxychloroquine safe for pregnancy?
Yes
57
How do glucocorticoids work
Binds to the receptors to Decreased the amount of NFkB and AP1 factors Inhibitor of PLA2
58
What is the mechanism of action for ziconotide
N type Calcium antagonist

Robbins Pathology MSK (Chapters 24,25,26) (7 decks)

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