Pharm COPY

Question 1

adrenaline type

Answer 1

Sympathomimetic.

Question 2

adrenaline action

Answer 2

 Stimulates the ALPHA and BETA receptors of the sympathetic nervous system to produce the “Fight” or “Flight” reaction
 ALPHA stimulation causes peripheral vasoconstriction. It raises the perfusion pressure of vital organs during cardiac arrest and it decreases capillary permeability and increases blood pressure in anaphylaxis
 Beta 1 stimulation causes increased myocardial excitability, tachycardia and increased myocardial contractility
 BETA 2 stimulation causes bronchodilation

Question 3

Adrenaline use

Answer 3

 C3 - Cardiac arrest
 C7 - Bradycardia
 C6 - Cardiogenic shock
 M4 - Asthma
 M16 - Anaphylaxis
 M7 - Croup
 O6 - Newborn resuscitation

Question 4

Adrenaline adverse effects

Answer 4

 Tachycardia
 Dysrhythmias, including ventricular fibrillation
 Hypertension
 Pupillary dilation
 Anxiety
 Nausea and vomiting

Question 5

BENZYL PENICILLIN type

Answer 5

Antibiotic active against a range of bacteria

Question 6

BENZYL PENICILLIN action

Answer 6

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis and causes cytolysis when the bacterium tries to divide

Question 7

BENZYL PENICILLIN use

Answer 7

M13 - Meningococcal septicaemia

Question 8

BENZYL PENICILLIN adverse effects

Answer 8

Hypersensitivity reactions may occur (including urticaria, angio-oedema, convulsions and anaphylaxis)

Question 9

BENZYL PENICILLIN contraindications

Answer 9

 Life threatening allergic reaction to penicillin

Question 10

BENZYL PENICILLIN prep

Answer 10

600mg as a powder.
 IV/IO Administration: Dissolve 600mg in 10mL sodium chloride 0.9%
 IM Administration: Dissolve 600mg in 2mL sodium chloride 0.9%

Question 11

FENTANYL type

Answer 11

Opioid analgesic

Question 12

FENTANYL action

Answer 12

 Potent analgesic

 Effective drug for intranasal use because it is rapidly absorbed across mucous membranes

Question 13

FENTANYL use

Answer 13

 A6 - Pain management

Question 14

FENTANYL adverse effects

Answer 14

 Respiratory depression
 Hypotension
 Nausea and vomiting

Question 15

FENTANYL contraindication

Answer 15

 Altered LOC (V,P or U)
 Epistaxis or occluded nasal passages
 Patients under 1
? Previous know allergy or adverse reaction

Question 16

FENTANYL prep

Answer 16

600mcg in 2mL sealed vial

Question 17

FEXOFENADINE type

Answer 17

Anti-histamine

Question 18

FEXOFENADINE action

Answer 18

Non - sedating anti-histamine

Question 19

FEXOFENADINE use

Answer 19

M16 - Allergic reactions (localised, mild)

Question 20

FEXOFENADINE adverse effects

Answer 20

 Headache
 Drowsiness
 Nausea
 Dry mouth

Question 21

FEXOFENADINE contraindications

Answer 21

 Allergy or hypersensitivity to fexofenadine

 Patients under 12

Question 22

FEXOFENADINE prep

Answer 22

180mg tablet

Question 23

NALOXONE type

Answer 23

Opioid antagonist

Question 24

NALOXONE action

Answer 24

Reverses symptoms caused by opioid analgesics:
 Respiratory depression
 Sedation
 Hypotension

Question 25

NALOXONE use

Answer 25

D1 - Drug overdose and poisoning

Question 26

NALOXONE adverse effects

Answer 26

 Opioid withdrawal (nausea, vomiting, sweating, tachycadia, hypertension & combative behaviour)  Pulmonary oedema in patients with pre-existing cardiac disease.  Dysrhythmias (VF,VT)  Nausea and vomiting

Question 27

NALOXONE contraindications

Answer 27

Neonates born to opioid addicted mothers due to risk of inducing opioid withdrawal

Question 28

NALOXONE prep

Answer 28

 400mcg in 1mL ampoule. |  400mcg in 1mL ampoule diluted to 4mL with 3mL sodium chloride 0.9% (100mcg in 1mL)