Pharm Diuretics Flashcards
(12 cards)
1
Q
The final site of NaCl reabsorption is in the ___. It is also the action site of ___
A
Collecting tubule
ADH and aldosterone
2
Q
Proximal tubule
- H2O permeability
- Transporter
- Solutes reabsorbed
- Solutes excreted
- Diuretics that act here
A
- High
- Na-H exchanger
- Na, HCO3, Cl
- H
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
3
Q
Thick a limb of LOH
- H2O permeability
- Transporter
- Solutes reabsorbed
- Solutes excreted
- Diuretics that act here
A
- Low
- Na-K-2Cl cotransporter
- Na, Cl, Mg, Ca
- -
- Loop diuretics
4
Q
Distal convoluted tubule
- H2O permeability
- Transporter
- Solutes reabsorbed
- Solutes excreted
- Diuretics that act here
A
- Depends on ADH
- Na-Cl cotransporter, Ca channel
- Na, Cl, Ca
- -
- Thiazide diuretics
5
Q
Collecting tubule
- H2O permeability
- Transporter
- Solutes reabsorbed
- Solutes excreted
- Diuretics that act here
A
- Depends on ADH
- Na and K channels
- Na, Cl
- K, H
- K sparing diuretics
6
Q
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Prototype:
A
Acetazolamide
7
Q
MOA of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A
Produce diuresis by decreasing NaHCO3 and NaCl reabsorption in proximal convoluted tubule.
-increases urine volume, pH, and excretion of NaHCO3 and NaCl
8
Q
Uses for carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A
- Glaucoma
- Urinary acidosis
- Compensatory metabolic alkalosis (caused by excessive diuretics or resp. acidosis)
- Acute mountain sickness
9
Q
Side effects of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
A
- Metabolic acidosis
- Rarely renal stones
- Renal K wasting
- Drowsiness
10
Q
Examples of loop diuretics
A
- Sulfonamide containing:
- furosemide
- bumetanide
- torsemide - Ethacrynic acid
11
Q
MOA of loop diuretics
A
Inhibit Na-K-2Cl cotransporter in Thick a. limb
-increases excretion of NaCl, K, H2O, Mg, and Ca
12
Q
Side effects of loop diuretics
A
- Hypokalemic metabolic acidosis
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Ototoxicity
- Hyponatremia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hyperglycemia
