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Quarter 4 > pharm exam 1 audio review > Flashcards

pharm exam 1 audio review Flashcards

1
Q

Treat seizures caused by alcohol

A

Diazepam
Lorazepam
Phenytoin

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2
Q

Def thiamine

A

Wornecki Korsakoff

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3
Q

anything that inhibits Na channels

A

SJS risk

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4
Q

Carbamazepine

A

DOC partial seizure
Alt use: Trigeminal neuralgia
BIG SJS RISK (block Na) so screen for HLA gene

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5
Q

Valproic Acid

use for Mixed seizures

A

Monitor LFTs

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6
Q

Lidocaine

A

NOT recommended for SPINAL anesthesia

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7
Q

Ester shorter duraiton

A

increased systemic toxicity

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8
Q

More acidic

A

faster onset of action

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9
Q

Benzocaine

A

always non-ionized form

cant bind enough to give major effects, good for topical use

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10
Q

Extra K inside cell

A

more depolarized

enhanced effect!

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11
Q

anesthetic toxicity

A

half life

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12
Q

duration of action of anesthetic depends on

A

time at site

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13
Q

Etidocaine

A

inverse differential block

motor > sensory

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14
Q

Bupivacaine

A

LABOR

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15
Q

Esters have higher

A

allergic rxns

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16
Q

Prilocaine risk

A

methemoglobinemia

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17
Q

procaine

A

short acting

diagnostic test

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18
Q

Tetracaine

A

Longer acting, toxic

Ophthalmology (EYE)

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19
Q

Prilocaine

A

highest rate of clearance of amides but risk of

METHEMOGLOBINEMIA

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20
Q

Ropivacaine

A

S-enantiomer

decreased cardiotoxicity
vasoCONSTRICTING properties

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21
Q

Articaine

A

Amide AND Ester bond

two diff routes of metabolism

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22
Q

Baclofen

A

GABA-b receptors
coupled to G proteins

inhibit Ca influx, and thus neurotransmitter release
muscle relaxation

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23
Q

Dantrolene and Botox are

A

DIRECT acting, right at NMJ

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24
Q

Dantrolene

A

Neuroleptic MALIGNANT syndrome tx

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25
Q

Fluoxetine

A

potent inhibitor 2D6 relative to other SSRIs

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26
Q

why does it take 2-3 wks for antidepressants to work?

A

need some Neuroplasticity to happen

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27
Q

TCA other use

A

Neuropathic pain

Chronic pain

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28
Q

Tertiary amines TCA

A

mostly Seretonin 5HT

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29
Q

Secondary amines TCA

A

mostly NE

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30
Q

if pt complaining of sexual dysfx

A

Buproprion

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31
Q

MOAI

A

Seretonin Syndrome

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32
Q

SNRIs

A

Venlaxefine

Duloxetine

33
Q

MAO- A and MAO- B

A

Phenelzine

34
Q

MAO-B only

A

Selegiline

35
Q

Buproprion

A

DA reuptake inhibitor

36
Q

Mirtazapine

A

blocks presynaptic alpha receptor
stimulates transmitter release

ADJUNCT therapy. if you use this, you can then decrease SSRI dose

37
Q

Trazadone

A

promote sleep

38
Q

Positive delusions

overactivity

A

D2 in mesoLIMBIC

39
Q

negative

A

mesoCORTICAL area

40
Q

Nigostriatal

A

movement

41
Q

Classical

A

older neuroleptics
Block D2 receptors
alleviate (+) only

42
Q

Atypical

A

block D2 AND D4 AND Seretonin

(+) and (-) sx

43
Q

EPS

extra pyramidal

A

decrease DA in nigostriatal pathway

Parkinson like sx

44
Q

Can use Anticholinergic to treat

A 
EPS
and Parkinson (as adjunct)
45
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

Late in PD dz
disocntinue drug

put on Clozapine instead

46
Q

BUT SE with Clozapine

A

high degree of Aganrulocytosis

47
Q

Dantrolene treats

A

Malignant

48
Q

Chlorpromazine

Potent D2 blocker

A

Retinal brown deposits

low incidence of EPS bc has high cholinergic activity

49
Q

Olanzoprine

A

Zyprexa Diabetes risk

50
Q

Risperidone

A

low incidence of EPS

DOC for Schizo

51
Q

ZIprasidone

A

prolong QT interval

Atypical antipsychotic

52
Q

Quetiapine

A

Schizo and ALSO insomniat

Promote sleep
“quite”

53
Q

Dopamine system stabilizer

A

Aripripazole

but SE: esoph motility

54
Q

DOC for Bipolar

A

Lithium

competes w Na
CONTRA: Diab Insipidus
Small therap window

55
Q

Alternative for Lithium in treating Bipolar

A

Valproic Acid

56
Q

Parkinsons

A

Overactivity of indirect pathway,
Underactive of direct

decreased Glutamate activity into Cortex

57
Q

Selective MAO-B are also used in _____ in addition to treating Depression

A

Parkinson

dose is a lot lower for Parkinson

58
Q

Do not combine MAO with

A

Meperidine

59
Q

DA agonist

A

very good Parkinson drugs

often used w L-dopa , target only the receptors

60
Q

Apomorphine

A

treat the “off phenomenom”

61
Q

Livido reticularis

A

Amantodine

62
Q

Beta plaques

tau tangles

A

Alzheimers

63
Q

Mementine

A 
NMDA receptor blocker
only hits pathological channels 
Reduced excitatory glutamate effects
 (the only one w this mechanism)
Alzheimer drug

(the other 3 are ACHe)

64
Q

Non reactive pupils

A

PCP

65
Q

Dilated pupils

A

LSD

66
Q

MDMA ecstascy

A

Seretonin

dehydration, overheating

67
Q

Synesthesia

A

LSD

No dependence

68
Q

agressive

A

PCP

treat with Haloperidol

69
Q

Cough

A

Codeine

Dextro

70
Q

Meperidine

A

does nothing for cough

and dilates eyes (rare for opioid, usually miosis)

71
Q

Miosis

Constipation

A

no tolerance

72
Q

MAOIs with Opioids are

A

bad news bears

73
Q

Drug intxns: MAOIs w Opioids

EXTRA BAD COMBOS

A

MAOI (Phenelzine)
Opioid (Meperidine or Dextro)

LIFE THREATENING*

74
Q

Codeine with

A

Fluoxetine
Paroxetine

BAD NEWS inhibit CYP2D6, so codeines won’t be effective

75
Q

Methedone

A

loooooong duration of action
TREAT addicts
Long term pain control

76
Q

Meperidine

odd duck

A

dilate pupils
causes tachycardia

not used long term or else it can cause seizures

77
Q

Meperidine is especially bad for

A

those with Impaired Renal function

78
Q

Meperidine

A

Seretonin syndrome risk

79
Q

Hydrocodone

Oxycodone

A

moderate-strong agonist
Workhorse
comb w Acetaminophen

Quarter 4 (10 decks)

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