pharm exam 1 audio review Flashcards by Alora Marshall

Treat seizures caused by alcohol

Diazepam
Lorazepam
Phenytoin

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Def thiamine

Wornecki Korsakoff

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anything that inhibits Na channels

SJS risk

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Carbamazepine

DOC partial seizure
Alt use: Trigeminal neuralgia
BIG SJS RISK (block Na) so screen for HLA gene

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Valproic Acid

use for Mixed seizures

Monitor LFTs

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Lidocaine

NOT recommended for SPINAL anesthesia

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Ester shorter duraiton

increased systemic toxicity

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More acidic

faster onset of action

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Benzocaine

always non-ionized form

cant bind enough to give major effects, good for topical use

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Extra K inside cell

more depolarized

enhanced effect!

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anesthetic toxicity

half life

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duration of action of anesthetic depends on

time at site

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Etidocaine

inverse differential block

motor > sensory

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Bupivacaine

LABOR

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Esters have higher

allergic rxns

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Prilocaine risk

methemoglobinemia

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procaine

short acting

diagnostic test

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Tetracaine

Longer acting, toxic

Ophthalmology (EYE)

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Prilocaine

highest rate of clearance of amides but risk of

METHEMOGLOBINEMIA

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Ropivacaine

S-enantiomer

decreased cardiotoxicity
vasoCONSTRICTING properties

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Articaine

Amide AND Ester bond

two diff routes of metabolism

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Baclofen

GABA-b receptors
coupled to G proteins

inhibit Ca influx, and thus neurotransmitter release
muscle relaxation

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Dantrolene and Botox are

DIRECT acting, right at NMJ

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Dantrolene

Neuroleptic MALIGNANT syndrome tx

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Fluoxetine

potent inhibitor 2D6 relative to other SSRIs

why does it take 2-3 wks for antidepressants to work?

need some Neuroplasticity to happen

TCA other use

Neuropathic pain | Chronic pain

Tertiary amines TCA

mostly Seretonin 5HT

Secondary amines TCA

mostly NE

if pt complaining of sexual dysfx

Buproprion

MOAI

Seretonin Syndrome

SNRIs

Venlaxefine | Duloxetine

MAO- A and MAO- B

Phenelzine

MAO-B only

Selegiline

Buproprion

DA reuptake inhibitor

Mirtazapine

blocks presynaptic alpha receptor stimulates transmitter release ADJUNCT therapy. if you use this, you can then decrease SSRI dose

Trazadone

promote sleep

Positive delusions overactivity

D2 in mesoLIMBIC

negative

mesoCORTICAL area

Nigostriatal

movement

Classical

older neuroleptics Block D2 receptors alleviate (+) only

Atypical

block D2 AND D4 AND Seretonin | (+) and (-) sx

EPS | extra pyramidal

decrease DA in nigostriatal pathway | Parkinson like sx

Can use Anticholinergic to treat

``` EPS and Parkinson (as adjunct) ```

Tardive dyskinesia

Late in PD dz disocntinue drug put on Clozapine instead

BUT SE with Clozapine

high degree of Aganrulocytosis

Dantrolene treats

Malignant

Chlorpromazine | Potent D2 blocker

Retinal brown deposits low incidence of EPS bc has high cholinergic activity

Olanzoprine

Zyprexa Diabetes risk

Risperidone

low incidence of EPS DOC for Schizo

ZIprasidone

prolong QT interval | Atypical antipsychotic

Quetiapine

Schizo and ALSO insomniat Promote sleep "quite"

Dopamine system stabilizer

Aripripazole but SE: esoph motility

DOC for Bipolar

Lithium competes w Na CONTRA: Diab Insipidus Small therap window

Alternative for Lithium in treating Bipolar

Valproic Acid

Parkinsons

Overactivity of indirect pathway, Underactive of direct decreased Glutamate activity into Cortex

Selective MAO-B are also used in _____ in addition to treating Depression

Parkinson | dose is a lot lower for Parkinson

Do not combine MAO with

Meperidine

DA agonist

very good Parkinson drugs | often used w L-dopa , target only the receptors

Apomorphine

treat the "off phenomenom"

Livido reticularis

Amantodine

Beta plaques | tau tangles

Alzheimers

Mementine

``` NMDA receptor blocker only hits pathological channels Reduced excitatory glutamate effects (the only one w this mechanism) Alzheimer drug ``` (the other 3 are ACHe)

Non reactive pupils

PCP

Dilated pupils

LSD

MDMA ecstascy

Seretonin dehydration, overheating

Synesthesia

LSD | No dependence

agressive

PCP | treat with Haloperidol

Cough

Codeine | Dextro

Meperidine

does nothing for cough | and dilates eyes (rare for opioid, usually miosis)

Miosis | Constipation

no tolerance

MAOIs with Opioids are

bad news bears

Drug intxns: MAOIs w Opioids | EXTRA BAD COMBOS

MAOI (Phenelzine) Opioid (Meperidine or Dextro) LIFE THREATENING*

Codeine with

Fluoxetine Paroxetine BAD NEWS inhibit CYP2D6, so codeines won't be effective

Methedone

loooooong duration of action TREAT addicts Long term pain control

Meperidine odd duck

dilate pupils causes tachycardia not used long term or else it can cause seizures

Meperidine is especially bad for

those with Impaired Renal function

Meperidine

Seretonin syndrome risk

Hydrocodone | Oxycodone

moderate-strong agonist Workhorse comb w Acetaminophen

pharm exam 1 audio review Flashcards

(79 cards)