Pharm Exam I

Question 1

The study of drug effects at population level:

Answer 1

pharmacoepidemiology

Question 2

What receptor is involved with Jan-STAT pathway?

Answer 2

cytokine

Question 3

A drug that would be life saving with a patient with an overdose. This will help with breathing…

Answer 3

naloxone

Question 4

Receptor found inside cytoplasm would be bound to:

Answer 4

heat shock protein

Question 5

What act allows drugs to be given to humans before phase I?

Answer 5

Investing New Drug Act (IND)

Question 6

DSHEA does NOT:

Answer 6

Substance intended for use in diagnosis, mitigation

Question 7

Paul Ehrilich is the Father of Modern Chemotherapy. He argued that drug actions not restful of magical “vital forces”. A drug will not work unless it is:

Answer 7

bound

Question 8

Enzymes that make the best targets for drug action are those that:

Answer 8

catalyze rate-limiting steps in synthesis of key molecules

Question 9

Upon binding agonist, insulin receptors form homorimers that phosphorylate intracellular proteins at sites containing:

Answer 9

tyrosine

Question 10

When agonist binds to same site as receptor

Answer 10

competitive antagonist

Question 11

What needs to happen to cross the placental border?

Answer 11

high lipophilicity

Question 12

G protein diversity of effects:

Answer 12

Heterogeneity of g-proteins

Question 13

Which of the following drugs would most likely need a loading dose to help tech therapeutic levels?

Answer 13

Colchicine (t1/2= 30 hrs)

Question 14

Following the agonist activation of a single G-protein coupled receptor, amplification of downstream signal occurs because:

Answer 14

duration of activation of G-protein is longer than agonist activation of receptor

Question 15

The drug-receptor bonds that would most likely lead to irreversible drug-receptor interaction are:

Answer 15

covalent bonds

Question 16

What determines the degree of movement of a drug between body compartment?

Answer 16

• Partition constant
• Degree of ionoization
• pH
• size

(all of the above)

Question 17

Aspirin readily donates a proton in aqueous solutions an pyrimethamine readily accepts a proton in aqueous solution. Thus, aspirin is a _____ & Pyramethamine is a ____

Answer 17

acid; base

Question 18

What happens to the dose-response curve for an agonist when increasing concentration of a competitive antagonist is added?

Answer 18

shifts to the right

Question 19

What drug will competitively inhibit the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 19

lovastatin

Question 20

What is the best drug for lowering concentrations of circulating plasma proteins?

Answer 20

Infliximab

Question 21

Most drugs are either _____ acids or _____ bases

Answer 21

weak; weak

Question 22

The lipid soluble form of an acid is ______; The lipid soluble form of a base is ____

Answer 22

protonated; unprotonated

Question 23

Bioavailability of IV drugs:

Answer 23

100%

Question 24

First pass effect organ:

Answer 24

liver

Question 25

Which of the following would receive a drug slowly?

Answer 25

adipose

Question 26

Acidic drugs bind primarily to which of the following plasma proteins?

Answer 26

albumin

Question 27

Basic drugs bind primarily to which of the following plasma proteins?

Answer 27

alpha glycoprotein

Question 28

Which of the following can produce a systemic and therapeutic response? A drug that is: a- bound to plasma albumin b- concentrated in bile c- not absorbed from the GI tract d- unbound to plasma proteins

Answer 28

d- unbound to plasma proteins

Question 29

If a drug is 80% bound to blood elements or plasma proteins, what part is considered the free form?

Answer 29

20%

Question 30

Warfarin (Coumadin) is a CYP-450 2C9 substrate and sulfamethoxole /trimethoprim (Bactrim) is a 2C9 inhibitor. Which of the following effects would be expected if the drugs were co-administered?

Answer 30

Increased Warfarin effect

Question 31

Pharmacokinetics is the effect of: Pharmacodynamics is the effect of:

Answer 31

Pharmacokinetics: body on drug Pharmacodynamics: drug on body

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a pharmacokinetic process?

Answer 32

Adverse effects

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a pharmacokinetic process? a- alteration of the drug by hepatic enzymes b- urinary excretion of inactive drug metabolies c- deposition of lipophilic drug in adipose tissue d- drug induced dilation of coronary and peripheral vasculature

Answer 33

d- drug induced dilation of coronary and peripheral vasculature

Question 34

Body's "tank":

Answer 34

volume of distribution

Question 35

For first-order drug elimination, half-life (t-1/2) is at two____ places on the curve and a constant _____ is lost per unit time:

Answer 35

equal; percentage

Question 36

Heat shock protein bound receptors:

Answer 36

steroid (androgen)

Question 37

Drug that inhibits cholesterol synthesis by inhibiting rate limiting step:

Answer 37

lovastatin

Question 38

What describes the movement of a drug between blood and tissues?

Answer 38

distribution

Question 39

7 transmembrane spanning domain:

Answer 39

g-protein

Question 40

Which of the following is effective?

Answer 40

a drug that is unbound to protein

Question 41

Which are non-ionized and pass membranes more readily?

Answer 41

protonated weak acids and non-protonated weak bases

Question 42

A target concentration of 7.5mg/ml of theophyliline is required for a 60kg patient. What is the appropriate equation to determine the IV loading dose given the following: Vd= 0.5L/kg, Cl=0.04L/kg/hr, t1/2=9.3hr

Answer 42

D= (Vd x Css) / F

Question 43

Which of the following best describes minimal effective concentration (MEC)?

Answer 43

The minimal drug plasma concentration to elicit an effect

Question 44

When charting opioid concentration and respiratory arrest, what does it mean when there is an opioid competitive antagonist involved?

Answer 44

you need to have a higher concentration of opioid to have respiratory arrest

Question 45

Equation for loading dose:

Answer 45

D= (Vd x Css) / F

Question 46

The study of genetic influences on individual responses to drugs:

Answer 46

pharmacogenomics

Question 47

What did the dietary supplement health and education act do?

Answer 47

Prohibited FDA review of supplements and botanicals as drugs

Question 48

A patent is generally good for how long after the drug is on the market?

Answer 48

5-10 years

Question 49

Protein molecules which function to recognize and respond to endogenous chemical signals and are classified upon the ligands that bind them are called:

Answer 49

receptors

Question 50

Which will most likely allow an agonist to bind normally?

Answer 50

allosteric agonist????

Question 51

Which of the following only has 1 transmembrane spanning domain?

Answer 51

insulin receptor (kinase)

Question 52

Superfamily of receptors that reside inside the cell in the cytoplasm or nucleus:

Answer 52

steroid receptors

Question 53

What drug will competitively inhibit the rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis?

Answer 53

lovastatin

Question 54

What is the best drug for lowering concentrations of circulating plasma proteins?

Answer 54

monoclonal antibodies (Infliximab)

Question 55

What form of a drug is more lipid-soluble, and thus would remain trapped within a compartment where the pH does not favor the lipid-soluble form?

Answer 55

neutral

Question 56

Amount of drug absorbed per the amount administered:

Answer 56

bioavailability

Question 57

Which of the following can produce a therapeutic response? A drug that is:

Answer 57

unbound to plasma proteins

Question 58

Bactrim is 2C9 inhibitor and Warfarin is the substrate for 2C9. What will happen in someone who takes Bactrim?

Answer 58

Warfarin will be enhanced there will be an increase of side effects

Question 59

Substance intended for use in diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention:

Answer 59

FDA Drug

Question 60

Chemicals developed before drug:

Answer 60

1000

Question 61

Testosterone/androgen receptor have what effect?

Answer 61

turn on or off gene expression

Question 62

Insulin phosphorylates:

Answer 62

tyrosine

Question 63

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor function:

Answer 63

inhibit rate limiting step

Question 64

Weak acids are easily excreted in ____ urine. Weak bases are easily excreted in ____ urine.

Answer 64

alkaline; acidic

Question 65

Pt overdosed on aspirin:

Answer 65

alkaline the urine