Pharm Unit 1 Topics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Pharm Unit 1 Topics Deck (39)
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1
Q

The amount of time needed for the plasma concentration to drop 50% after the drug is discontinued.

A

Half life (elimination). T1/2

2
Q

A continuous, therapeutic effect is achieved once a ___ ___ level is reached in the plasma

A

Steady state.

3
Q

A strategy to get a higher serum level immediately using a larger dose.

A

Loading dose.

4
Q

No peaks or troughs in medication delivery.

A

Continuous infusion.

5
Q

Has peaks and troughs.

A

Intermittent dose.

6
Q

3 checks of Medication administration.

A
  1. When you receive the meds. 2. When you prepare the meds. 3. When you bring the meds to the patient.
7
Q

5 Rights of Medication administration.

A
  1. patient. 2. dose. 3. drug. 4. route. 5. time. (reason & documentation).
8
Q

MAR=

A

Medication Administration Record.

9
Q

Fried’s rule of dosing:

A

Child’s dose=(age in months x adult dose)/150.

10
Q

Young’s rule of dosing:

A

Child’s dose=(child’s age in years x adult dose)/(child’s age + 12).

11
Q

Clark’s rule of dosing:

A

Child’s dose=(child’s weight in pounds x adult dose)/150.

12
Q

Body Surface Area calculation (BSA)=

A

Child’s dose=(child’s BSA/1.73) x adult dose.

13
Q

The teratogenic effects from a drug in a fetus occur between how many days?

A

days 18-60.

14
Q

LMP=

A

Last mentrual period.

15
Q

Pregnancy Category A:

A

Possibility for fetal harm is remote.

16
Q

Pregnancy Category B:

A

Fairly safe, not proven completely safe.

17
Q

Pregnancy Category C:

A

Meds should only be given if potential benefit outweighs risk to the fetus.

18
Q

Pregnancy Category D:

A

Evidence of human fetal risk, use in a life-threatening situation.

19
Q

Pregnancy Category X:

A

Fetal abnormalities proven, absolutely do not give to any pregnant woman, or woman possibly pregnant.

20
Q

Drugs to NEVER use during pregnancy:

A

Anticonvulsants, statins, HTN RAS-blockade drugs, tetracyclines, sulfa drugs, quinolones.

21
Q

Times to safely give a breastfeeding woman drugs:

A

30-45 minutes after breastfeeding, 3-4 hours before next feeding.

22
Q

Known drugs children and infants are intolerant to (6):

A
  1. Benzyl alcohol. 2. BP meds. 3. Arthritis meds. 4. Iron (Fe). 5. Aluminum. 6. Tetracyclines and Quinolones.
23
Q

Using multiple drugs daily.

A

Polypharmacy.

24
Q

This person has the ability to assess, test, diagnose, generate a plan of care/treatment, and implement the plan of care/treatment.

A

The provider.

25
Q

This route of administration can be self-administered and must withstand stomach acid (pH=2).

A

Oral (PO).

26
Q

Placed on or under the tongue, goes directly into the bloodstream.

A

Oral Disintegrating tablets (ODT).

27
Q

Direct absorption with systemic blood via sub-lingual capillary bed.

A

Sublingual (SL).

28
Q

Absorption into lower half of the rectum into IVC, may slip upwards into hemorrhoidal vein and have first-pass effect.

A

Rectal (PR).

29
Q

Powders, sprays and crystals.

A

Inhalational.

30
Q

Local delivery to affected site.

A

Topical.

31
Q

Formulation with a patch that contains the drug so that it seems into the skin slowly and continuously.

A

Transdermal (patches).

32
Q

Injection into the CSF directly into brain ventricles.

A

Intrathecal.

33
Q

Injection above dura mater, bathes spinal nerves.

A

Epidural.

34
Q

Injection into subarachnoid where CSF flows.

A

Spinal/lumbar puncture.

35
Q

QD=

A

Once daily.

36
Q

HS=

A

Hora Somni (at bedtime).

37
Q

JCAHO=

A

Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospital Organization.

38
Q

This IVF is useful for cardiac effects and cannot be give IM.

A

Calcium Chloride CaCl2.

39
Q

This IVF is useful for things such as hypocalcemic tetany and can be giving IM.

A

Calcium Glutonate.