PHARMA-ANESTH Flashcards by Rizza Dellague

IF ARACHIDONIC ACID ENTERED THE CYCLOOXYGENASE PATHWAY, THE FOLLOWING BYPRODUCTS MAY BE PRODUCED, EXCEPT ONE. WHICH IS IT?

LEUKOTRIENES

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WHAT IS A SIDE EFFECT OF NITROUS OXIDE TOXICITY?

MYELONEUROPATHY

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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CHANNEL BLOCKERS?

VERAPAMIL, NIFEDIPINE, AND DITIAZEM

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THIS DRUG IS BANNED DUE TO METHEMOGLOBIENMIA SIDE EFFECT?

PHENACETIN

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CLINDAMYCIN IS AN ANTIBIOTIC WHICH INHIBITS THE 50s RIBOSOMAL UNIT. HOWEVER, RECENT STUDIES FOUND OUT THAT THE ANTIBIOTIC ALSO ENHANCES ____ PROCESS BY WBC.

PHAGOCYTOSIS

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SECONAL IS USED FOR WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING?

INSOMIA

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WHICH DRUG SHOULDN’T BE GIVEN TO PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA?

PROPRANOLOL

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SIMVASTATIN IS CLASSIFIED AS WHAT KIND OF DRUG?

ANTILIPID DRUG

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A VERY IMPORTANT ENZYME THAT METABOLIZES AMIDE TYPE OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS

CP450

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BEST USED WHEN DOING EXTRACTIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH LIVER DISEASE?

PROCAINE

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TERMINATION OF NITROUS OXIDE ADMINISTRATION, INHILATION OF 100% OXYGEN IS RECOMMENDED. THIS PROCESS WILL PREVENT _____?

DIFFUSION HYPOXIA

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PRICKLING, TINGLING, AND NUMBNESS ARE CLASSIC SIGNS OF _____________

PARESTHESIA

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IT REFERS TO THE PH OF A MEDIUM AT WHICH THE SUBSTANCES IS AT 50% IONIZED FORM AND 50% UNIONIZED FORM

pKa

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DRUGS THAT ARE KNOWN TO POSSESS CROSS ALLERGENICITY TO PENICILLINS

CEPHALOSPORINS

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DRUG THAT MAY DECREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CLINDAMYCIN?

MACROLIDES

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DIFFERENT GENERAL ANESTHETICS INHILATION AGENTS

SEVOFLURANE
DESFLURANE
NITROUS OXIDE
ISOFLURANE

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TREATMENT FOR MOTION SICKNESS

BONAMINE

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CO-TRIMOXAZOLE (BACTRIM) IS A COMBINATION OF?

TRIMETHOPRIN AND SULFAMETHOXAZOLE

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WHICH ANDRENERGIC-RECEPTOR AGONIST IS USED FOR PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA?

BETA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST

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THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF NITRATES WHICH ALLOWS THEM TO TREAT ANGINA PECTORIS

VASODILATOR

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MANDIBULAR BLOCKING TECHNIQUE THAT IS USED FOR PATIENTS WITH LIMITED MOUTH OPENING

AKINOSI-VAZIRANI

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SULFONYLUREAS, BIGUANIDES AND THIAZOLIDINEDIONES ARE USED FOR____________?

DIABETES MELLITUS

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THERE IS A PRECAUTION TO GIVE THIS KIND OF DRUG FOR PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA BECAUSE THEY MAY INDUCE BRONCHOSPASAM

MEFENAMIC ACID

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3 EXAMPLES OF ANTIFUGAL AGENTS

NYSTATIN, KETOCONOZOLE, ECONAZOLE

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THE MECHANISM OF ACTION OF NSAIDs ARE _____________

THEY INHIBIT THE ACTION OF CYCLOOXYGENASE

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWINF CONDITIONS IS TREATED BY METHYLPHENIDATE (RITALIN)?

ADHD

EXAMPLES OF XANTHINE STIMULANTS

THEOPHYLLINE THEOBROMINE CAFFEINE NOTE: THOXANTHENE IS NOT XANTHINE STIMULANT

IT IS THE GENERATION OF CEPHALOSPORIN THAT PRIMARILY AFFECTS GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA

1ST

FOR AND ADULT PATIENT THE MAXIMUM DOSE OF LIDOCAINE WITH EPINEPHRINE IS _____ AND THE TOTAL DAILY DOSE MUST NOT GO BEYOND _____

7MG/KG AND 500 MG

IT IS RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM EPINEPHRINE CONCENTRATION ( FOR A 2CC CARTRIADGE) THAT CAN BE GIVEN TO PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

1:50,000

IS THE GENERATION OF CEPHALOSPORIN THAT PRIMARILY AFFECTS GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA

1ST

A PATIENT WHO IS ALLERGIC TO LIDOCAINE SHOULDN'T BE GIVEN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING LOCAL ANESTHETICS?

MEPIVACAINE

A PATIENT WITH STEROID-DEPENDENT ASTHMA WHO IS ALLERGIC TO SODIUM BISULFITE SHOULD BE GIVEN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING LOCAL ANESTHETICS?

3% MEPIVACINE

IS A HIGHLY POISONOUS STIMULANT DRUG THAT IS COMMONLY USED AS A PESTICIDE

STYCHNINE

THERAPUTIC INDEX IS COMPUTED BY?

DIVIDING THE MEDIAL LETHAT DOSE OF THE DRUG (IN ANIMALS) TO THE MEDIAN EFFECTIVE DOSE OF THE DRUG (IN ANIMALS)

DETERMINE WHICH SENTENCE IS TRUE AND WHICH IS FALSE. COCAINE IS THE VERY FIRST LOCAL ANESTHESIA AND IT IS ALSO THE ONLY NATURALLY OCCURING. COCAINE AND TETRACAINE ARE BOTH VASOCONSTRICTORS.

THE FIRST STATEMENT IS TRUE WHILE THE SECOND ONE IS FALSE.

WHICH IS THE ANESTHETIC OF CHOICE FOR A PATIENT WITH CLINICAL HYPERTHYROIDISM?

3% MEPIVACAINE

IT IS AN ANTIGIBRINOLYTIC AGENT USED FOR PATIENTS WITH COAGULOPATHIES

AMINOCAPROIC ACID

WHICH IS CALSSIFIED AS A 3RD GENERATION CEPHALOSPORIN?

DEFOTAXIME

THIS IS THE SAFEST AMIDE LOCAL ANESTHETIC FOR PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC OF RENAL IMPAIRMENTS

articaine

CEFUROXIME, WHICH IS A CEPHALOSPORIN, IS INCLUDED IN WHAT GENERATION?

SECONDS

ALL ARE CLASSIFIED AS BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS.

PENICILLIN CEPHALOSPORIN MONOBACTAM CARBAPENEM

STATUS EPILEPTICUS IS BEST TREATED USING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ANTI-CONVULSANT?

DIAZEPAM

INSTRUCTION TO THE PATIENT WHICH MEANS "RECTALLY"

ANTIBIOTIC OF CHOICE FOR PATIENTS WITH AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS

METRONIDAZOLE

IT REFERS TO THE AMOUNT OF MEDICATION TAKEN AT A SPECIFIC TIME

DOSE

PHYSOSTIGMINE AND NEOSTIGMINE ARE CLASSIFIED AS __________-

ANTICHOLINESTERASE

THE MOST COMMONLY USED VASOCONSTRICTOR IS?

ADRENALIN

SIDE EFFECT MOSTLY SEEN FREQUENTLY WITH ADMINISTRATION OF NITROUS OXIDE AND OXYGEN?

NAUSEA

AN ANTIBIOTIC KNOWN TO CAUSE APLASTIC ANEMIA

CHLORAMPHENICOL

ULTRA-SHORT ACTING BARBITURATES ARE COMMONLY USED FOR INDUCTION OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA BECAUSE IT RAPIDLY SKIPS___________ OF GUEDEL'S STAGES OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA

2ND STAGE

THIS IS THE MAXIMUM NUMBER IF EPINEOHRINE- CONTAINING CARTRIDGES THAT CAN BE GIVEN FOR CARDIO VASCULARCOMRPOMISED PATIENTS.

2CC OF 1:50,000 EPINEPHRINE

A LOCAL ANESTHESIA THAT IS 4x MORE POTENT THAT LIDOCAINE AND MEPIVACAINE, AND ALSO HAS A LONGER DURATION OF ACTION

BUPIVACAINE

HOW CAN EPINEPHRINE ANTAGONIZE THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF ANAPHYLAXIS?

PRODUCES PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OPPOSITE TO HISTAMINE

BUFFERING THE LOCAL ANESTHESIA WITH _____ CAN MINIMIZE THE TYPICAL BURNING SENSATION DURING ADMINISTRATION OF THE LOCAL ANESTHESIA

NaHC03

PRIOR TO CEMENTING ORTHODONTIC MOLAR BANDS. ONE MAY USE THIS DRUG TO REDUCE SALIVATIOON. WHICH OF THESE DRUGS IS IT? CHLORAL HYDRATE? PILOCARPINE? ATROPINE? PYRIDOSTIGIMINE?

ATROPINE

WHICH IS THE ANESTHETIC OF CHOICE FOR A PATIENT WITH CARIOVASCULAR DISEASE?

3% MEPIVACAINE

THE MOSET COMMON CAUSE OF BACTERIAL RESISTANCE?

TAKING ANTBIOTICS WHEN NOT NEEDED

THIS IS THE MAXIMUM DOSAGE OF EPINEPHRINE THAT CAN BE GIVEN TO PATIENTS THAT HAVE CARIOVASCULAR DISEASE

0.04 MG

ANTIBIOTIC OF CHOICE FOR PATIENT WHO IS NOT ALLERGIC TO PENICILLIN AND HAS AN ODONTOGENIC INFECTION.

PENICILLIN

DENTIST ADMINISTER NITROUS OXIDE TO CALM THE CHILD, WHAT ARMAMENTARIUM WAS USED TO COVER THE NOSE OF THE PATIENT?

NASAL HOOD

GENERICS ACT OF 1998

RA 6675

AMONG THE FOLLOWING DRUGS, WHICH IS AN EXAMPLE OF AN NSAID? MIVACURIUM TERBUTALINE TRAMADOL NAPROXEN

NAPROXEN

ESTER LA ARE MORE COMMONLY ASSOCIATED TO ALLERGIES BECAUSE IT IS METABOLIZED INTO METHYLPARABEN. METHYLPARABEN IS COMMONLY USED AS A BACTERICIDAL AGENT. WHICH STATEMENTS ARE TRUE.

THE FIRST STATEMENT IS FALSE, THE SECOND IS TRUE

A DRUG THAT INDUCES GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA

DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN

WHICH DRUG IS USED FOR XEROSTOMIA

PILOCARPINE

IT IS THE PROTOTYPE OF BETA BLOCKERS

PROPANOLOL

CONTRAINDICATED FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

NITROUS OXIDE

WHICH ANTIBIOTIC IS COMMONLY GIVEN INTRAMUSCULARLY TO TREAT BACTERIAL INFECTIONS

BEZATHINE PEN G

IT IS CONSIDERED AS THE SAFEST LOCAL ANESTHESIA, ESPECIALLY FOR PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

LIDOCAINE

IT IS A TYPE OF PAIN PRESENT DUE TO DYSFUNCTION OF THE PERIPHERAL OR THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, EVEN THERE IS ABSENCE OF NOCICEPTOR STIMULUS

NEUROGENIC

DIACETYLMORPHINE IS ALSO KNOWN AS

HEROIN

IN REMOVING MAXILLARY TORUS PALATINUS, WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING NERVE BLOCK SHOULD BE DONE?

INCISIVE AND GREATER PALATINE NERVE BLOCK

AMPHETAMINES IS CLASSIFIED AS WHAT KIND OF DRUG?

ANALEPTICS

CRUDE TOUCH, PAIN, AND TEMPERATURE IS PROCESSED IN WHAT PART OF THE BRAIN?

CEREBRAL CORTEX

IT IS THE AMOUNT OF DRUG NECESSARY TO PRODUCE MAXIMUM EFFECT

POTENCY

AMPHETAMINES IS CLASSIFIED AS WHAT KIND OF DRUG?

ANALEPTICS

IT MEANS IMMEDIATELY

STAT

THE COMMON LOCAL ANESTHETICS ASSOCIATED WITH PARESTHESIA ARE _________

ARTICAINE AND PRILOCAINE

PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY IS SEEN IN PATIENTS GIVEN NITROUS OXIDE AND ISONIAZID. THIS IS DUE TO VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY WHICH STATEMENT IS TRUE

BOTH ARE TRUE

LIDOCAINE IS MORE WIDELY USED THAN PROCAINE IN ROUTINE DENTAL PRACTICE BECAUSE LIDOCAINE

CAUSES FEWER ALLERGIC REACTIONS

AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF 4 CARTRIDGES OF 2% LIDOCAINE WITH 1:100,000 EPINEPHRINE IN A 1.8ML. THE PATIENT RECEIVES HOW MANY MG OF EPINEPHRINE?

0.072 MG

MOST ACCEPTED WAY OF TREATING PATIENTS WITH TRISMUS AND ELEVATED BODY TEMPERATURE FROM ACUTE PERICORONITIS OF AN IMPACTED 3RD MOLAR

ANTIBIOTICS

THIS DRUG IS COMMONLY USED FOR PATIENTS WITH HYPERTHYRODISM

PROPYLTHIOURACIL

TARDIVE DYSKINESIA IS A COMMON SIDE EFFECT OF WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS

ANTISPHYCHOTICS

IT IS A DRUG THAT MAY INCREASE THE RATE OF SALIVATION WHICH IS EFFECTIVE FOR PATIENTS WITH XEROSTOMIA

NEOSTIGMINE

WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS A DRUG USED FOR AMOEBIASIS

METRONIDAZOLE

HOW MANY MG OF MEPIVACAINE IS FOUND IN 3% MEPIVACAINE SOLUTION WITH VOLUME OF 2.0 CC

60MG

THIS IS A TYPE OF PENICILLIN THAT IS ALSO KNOWN AS ANTI-STAPHYLOCOCCAL PENICILLIN

PENICILLINASE-RESISTANT PENICILLIN

ALL ARE PARTS OF A PRESCRIPTION EXCEPT ONE SUPERSCRIPTION INSCRIPTION SUBSCRIPTION SIGNA SUPRASCRIPTION

SUPRASCRIPTION

GENERIC NAME OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA BRAND XYLOCAINE

LIDOCAINE

CARIDAC GLYCOSIDES ARE DRUGS THAT INCREASES THE FORCE OF CONTRACTION AND RATE OF CONTRACTION OF THE CARDIAC MYOCYTES. THIS HAPPENS BECAUSE THE DRUG REDUCES THE INTERCELLULAR CALCIUM OF THE CELLS. WHICH STATEMENT IS TRUE

THE FIRST STATEMENT IS TURE AND THE SECOND STATEMENT IS FALSE

OD MEANS

ONCE A DAY

IT REFERES TO THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE FREQUENCY, AMOUNT AND THE NUMBER OF DOSES TAKEN OVER A PARTICULAR PERIOD OF TIME

DOSAGE

TETRACYCLINE STAINS IS COMMONLY ASSOCIATED IN WHAT AGE GROUP?

<8,

THIS IS AN ANTI-MACROBIAL CONTENT OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS THAT ALSO CAUSES ALLERGIES TO PATIENTS

METHYLPARABEN

AFTER THE FIRST BREATH OF NITROUS OXIDE, IT ONLY TAKES TWENTY SECONDS TO REACH THE BRAIN AND ________ MINUTES AFTER IT WILL INHIBIT PAIN RECEPTORS

3 MINUTES

HOW MANY MG OF MEPIVACAINE WILL BE RECEIVED BY THE PATIENT IF YOU GIVE HIM 2 CARTRIDGES OF 3% MEPIVACAINE (1.8ML)

108 MG

A PATIENT WITH TONIC-CLONIC TYPE OF SEIZURE WOULD LIKELY BE TAKING WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS?

PHENOBARBITAL

THIS IS THE ENZYME INHIBITED BY PYRIDOSTIGMINE

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE

1ST SENSATION LOST AFTER ADMINISTRATION OF LOCAL ANESTHESIA

PAIN

WHICH IS THE ANESTHETIF OC CHOICE FOR A PATIENT WITH CLINICAL HYPERTHYROIDISM

3% MEPIVACAINE

PARADOXICAL EXCITEMENT IS SEEN IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DRUGS

BENZODIAZEPINES

TERMINOLOGY OF PHARMA; DETERMINE THE FOLLOWING USING THEIR DEFINITION. -USES, EFFECTS, AND MODE OF ACTION OF A DRUG? -NATURAL RESOURCES -EFFECTS OF DRUG AND MECHANISM OF THEIR ACTION -MOVEMENT OF DRUGS -DRUM OF HARMMFUL EFFECTS -DAMAGE TO FETUS IN DEVELOPMENT -DRUG DOSAGE

PHARMACOLOGY PHARMOCOGNOSY PHARMACODYNAMICS PHARMACOKINETICS TOXICOLOGY TERATOLOGY POSPOLOGY

WHAT IS "ADME"

ABSORTION DISTRIBUTION METABOLISM EXCRETION

-MAIN SITE OF ABSORPTION IN THE BODY -PRIMARY SOLUBILITY OF DRUG TO BE ABSORBED / FORM OF DRUG THAT IS EASY TO ABSORB -IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR METABOLISM -MAJOR SITE OF EXCRETION

JEJUNUM OF SMALL INTESTINE LIPID SOLUBLE FORM LIVER KIDNEY

-INDUCE VOMITING -DEPOSITION OF FLUID IN THE STOMACH THEN ASPIRATION OF LITTLE AMOUNTS -SIMILAR TO LAXATIVE - 1. LIVER DAMAGE 2. KIDNEY DAMAGE 3. CLEARANCE RATE DECREASES

SYRUP OF IPECAL GASTRIC LAVAGE CATHATICS CUMULATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ORGAN DAMAGE

DRUG CONTRAINDICATED FOR GLAUCOMA

DIAZEPAM

EXAMPLES OF TERATOGENIC DRUGS

TETRACYCCLINE PHENYTOIN THALIDOMIDE

WHAT IS ABSORPTION? WHAT IS INTRAVENOUS? WHAT IS INTRADERMAL ROUTE?

-PROCESS OF DRUG UPTAKE FROM THE SITE OF ADMINISTRATION TOWARDS THE BLOODSTREAM -ROUTE WITH 100% BIOAVAILABILITY -PRODUCE LEAST AMOUNTS OF DRUG ABSORPTION

-MOST COMMON SITE IV ADMINISTRATION -MOST COMMON MUSCLE USED IN ADMINISTRATION -FASTEST ROUTE IF THE TARGET SITE IS THE BRAIN (SEDATION) -MOST COMMON DRUG AMDINISTERED SUBCUTAENUSLY

ANTECUBITAL REGION VASTUS LATERALIS INHALATION INSULIN

-ROUTE BYPASSES MEMBRANE -ROUTE BYPASSES ABSORPTION PROCESS -WHAT ARE THE PROPERTIES THAT INFLUENCE ABSORPTION

INTRAVENOUS INTRAVENOUS IV -MUST BE WEAK ACIDS (PH OF 6) OR WEAK BASES (PH OF 8) -WEAK ACIDS ARE ATTRACTED TO ANOTHER PH LEVEL (6-7.4) -WEAK BASES ARE ATTRACTED TO ANOTHER PH LEVEL (8-7.4)

-OTHER MUSCLE THAT CAN BE USED IN "IM" ADMINISTRATION -WHAT IS VERY HYDROPHILIC WATER SOLUBLE -WHAT IS VERY VERY HYDROPHILIC WATER SOLUABLE -WHAT IS LIPID SOLUABLE

GLUTEUS MAXIMUS AND DELTOID DRUG SOLUBILITY THAT IS UNABLE TO CROSS THE PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER SOLUBILITY OF DRUG THAT IS UNABLE TO BE ABSORBED DUE TO INSOLUBILITY IN AQUEOUS FLUID PRIMARY SOLUBILITY OF DRUG TO BE ABSORBED

GIVE THE TERMS OF LIPID SOLUBLE GIVE THE TERM OF WATER SOLUBLE FORM

-UNIONIZED FORM -FAT SOLUBLE FORM -WATER-INSOLUBLE FORM -HYDROPHOBIC DRUG FORM -IONIZED FORM HYDROPHILIC FAT- INSOLUBLE LIPID-SOLUBLE

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: WHERE IS THIS ADMINISTERED? ENTERAL? PARENTERAL? GIVE THE DEGREE OF EACH ANSWER

ORAL AND RECTAL INTRAVENOUS IV 35 INTRAMASCULAR IM 90 INTRDERMAL ID 0 TO 15 SUBCUTANEOUS 45

AMOUNT OF DRUG THAT REACHES THE CIRCULAROTY SYSTEM AFTER ADMINISTRATION

BIO AVAILABILITY

BIOAVAILABILITY IS INFLUENCED BY? ABILITY OF DRUG TO MOVE FROM CIRCULATORY SYSTEM INTO THEIR TARGET SITES

DRUG SOLUBILITY ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION FIRST-PASS EFFECT DISTRIBUTION

FREE FLOATING DRUG IN THE PLASMA FLUID ATTACHED TO PLASMA PROTEINS / BOUNDED TO ALBUMIN

FREE IONIZED DRUG BOUND DRUG

2 COMMON PROTEIN WHERE THE DRUG ATTACHES TO (BIND)

ALBUMIN ALPHA 1 ACID GLYCOPROTEIN

-TENDENCY OF A SUBSTANCE TO SEPARATE OR DISSOCIATE FROM ITS BINDING -TEMPORARY STORAGE OF DRUGS -DRUG CAN METABOLIZE IN SEVERAL PARTS OF THE BODY

DISSOCIATION CONSTANT (KD) BLOOD PLASMA FAT ADIPOCYTES

-PRIMARY ORGAN RESPONSIBLE FOR DRUG METABOLISM -MOST IMPORTANT MICROSOMAL ENZYME OF LIVER

LIVER CYTOCHROME P450

WHAT ARE THE LIVER FUNCTIONS

CONVERTS LIPID SOLUABLE DRUGS TO LIPID INSOLUABLE DRUGS CONVERTS ACTIVE DRUG TO INACTIVE FORM CONVERTS PRODRUG TO ACTIVE FORM

EXAMPLES OF PRODRUGS DRUGS METABOLIZED BY THE LIVER DRUG METABOLIZED BY PLASMA

ASPIRIN CODEINE LEVODOPIN LEVOTHYROXINE ALCOHOL MOST DRUG / AMIDE ESTER SUCCINYLCHOLINE

-EZNYME USED BY PLASMA -MOST COMMON TOPICAL ANESTHESIA

PLASMA PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE BENZOCAINE

WHAT IS EPAL? AMIDE BUT BOTH METABOLIZED IN BOTH LIVER AND PLASMA "LA" USED IF ALLERGIC TO BOTH ESTER AND AMIDE

ESTER-PLASMA-AMIDE-LIVER ARTICAINE DIPHENHYDRAMINE (BENADRYL)

PRIMARY USED TO SUCCINYLCHOLINE DRUG EXCRETED BY THE LUNGS SUBSTANCES EXCRETED BY THE SUSU (BREAST MILK)

LARYNGOSPASM NITROUS OXIDE ALCOHOL, CAFFEINE, COCAINE, NICOTINE

TIME REQUIRED FOR A DRUG TO REDUCE HALF OF ITS INITIAL VALUE RATE AT WHICH THE ACTIVE DRUG REMOVED A CERTAIN DOSE ELIMINATED PER CERTAIN AMOUNT OF TIME

HALF LIFE (T1/2) CLEARANCE RATE

WHAT IS ZERO ORDER KINETICS WHAT IS FIRST ORDER KINETICS

AMOUNT OF DRUG ELIMINATED IS CONSTANT AND IS NOT DEPENDENT ON THE CONCENTRATION OF DRUG IN PLASMA FLUID AMOUNT OF DRUG ELIMINATED IS DEPENDENT ON THE CONCENTRATION OF DRUG IN PLSAMA FLUID

EFFECTS OF DRUGS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION

PHARMACODYNAMICS

DOSAGE OF A DRUG NEEDED TO PRODUCE AN EFFECT

POTENCY

MORE DOSE NEEDED___POTENT DRUG

LESS

LESSER DOSE NEEDED____ POTENT DRUG

EFFECT OF A DRUG

EFFICACY

HIGHER EFFICACY(DRUG)____EFFICATION

MORE/HIGHER

INCREASE DOSE- INCREASE EFFECT UNTIL ___ IS REACHED

MAXIMAL EFFECT

IT REFERS TO HOW WELL THE DRUG CAN BE USED IN REAL WORLD

EFFECTIVENESS

2 TYPES OF DOSE RESPONSE CURVE

GRADED DOSE EFFECT CURVE QUANTAL DOSE EFFECT CURVE

CURVE THAT DESCRIBE THE DEGREE RESPONSE OF A SINGLE BIOLOGICAL UNIT (CELL OR HUMAN) TO A GUVEN DOSE.

GRADED DOSE EFFECT CURVE

Y-AXIS X-AXIS

EFFECT DOSE

CURVE THAT DESCRIBE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INCREASING DRUG DOSAGE AND THE PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION THAT SHOWS THE DRUGS PHARMACOLOGICAL AND LETHAL EFFECTS

QUANTAL DOSE EFFECT CURVE

Y-AXIS X-AXIS

POPULATION DOSE

CURVE THAT DETECTS THE "MARGIN OF SAFETY" OF A DRUG BY COMPARING THE THERAPEUTIC DOSE AND TOXIC DOSE.

QUANTAL DOSE EFFECT CURVE

FORMULA OF THERAPEUTIC INDEX

TI=LD50/ED50 (TLE)

RATIO THAT MEASURES THAT RELATIVELY SAFETY OF A DRUG

THERAPEUTIC INDEX

MEDIAN LETHAL DOSE / DOSE THAT MAY POSSIBLY KILL HALF OF POPULATION.

LD50

MEDIAN EFFECTIVE DOSE/DOSE OF DRUG THAT HAS THERAPEUTIC EFFECT IN 50%

ED50

MEDIAL TOXIC DOSE

TD50

HIGHER THERAPEUTIC INDEX THE ___ THE DRUG

SAFER

LOWER THERAPEUTIC INDEX THE ___HARMFUL THE DRUG

DRUG THAT HAS NARROW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS DIGOXINE

TARGETS OF DRUG ACTION

RECEPTORS ENZYMES DRUGS ACTING PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL AGENTS

DRUG WITH RECEPTORS AS TARGET SITES:

NARCOTIC CHOLINERGIC DRUGS

RECEPTOR SITE OF NARCOTIC AGENTS

MU KAPPA DELTA

DRUGS WITH ENZYMES AS TARGET SITES:

MAO INHIBITOR ANTI-ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE OR ANTICHOLINESTERASE

ANTI-ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE OR ANTICHOLINESTERASE IS USED IN DISEASE CALLED

MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (MUSCLE WEKANESS) -TO IMPROVE MASCULAR CONTRACT.

ABILITY OF DRUG TO BIND ITS TARGET SITE.

AFFINITY

ABILITY OF DRUG TO PRODUCE AN EFFECT AFTER BINDING TO ITS TARGET SITE.

INTRINSIC ACTIVITY

MAXIMAL RESPONSE BY ACTIVATING ALL RECEPTOR SITE.

FULL AGONIST

PRODUCE LESS MAXIMAL RESPONSE EVEN ALL RECEPTOR ARE OCCUPIED.

PARTIAL AGONIST

FULL AND PARTIAL AGONIST

AGONIST

DRUG BINDS TO RECEPTOR SITE BUT IT DOESNT CREATE ANY EFFECTS ON THE RECEPTOR

ANTAGONIST

COMPETES WITH RECEPTORS SITE HERE IN OUR BODY SPECIFICALLY WITH THE MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR

BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS

OLD TERM OF SCOPALAMINE

HYOSCINE BUTYLBROMIDE "BUSCOPAN"

USED TO ABDOMINAL CRAMPS/ FOR HYPERACIDITY

SCOPALAMINE

ANTAGONIST OF NARCOTIC DRUG

NALOXONE OR NALTREXONE

ANTAGONIST OF BENZODIAPZEPINES (DIAZEPAM)

FLUMAZENIL

DRUGS THAT ACTS AS PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL AGENTS

EPINEPHRINE INSULIN

PART OF THE BODY WHERE DRUGS INTERACT TO PRODUCE THEIR EFFECTS.

RECEPTORS

ACH (ACETYCHOLINE) IS?

AGONIST

ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS IS?

ANTAGONIST

ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS: BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS

SCOPALAMINE ATROPINE

TYPE OF ANTAGONIST THAT COMPETES WITH RECEPTOR OF AGONIST / RESULT TO DECREASE POTENCY

COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS

TYPE OF ANTAGONIST THAT HAS ITS OWN RECEPTORS; DOESNT COMPETE / RESULT DECREASE EFFICACY

NON COMPETITIVE ANTAGONIST

MOST ACCEPTED THEORY

CLARKS "OCCUPATIONAL THEORY"

DRUG EFFECT IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE NUMBER OF RECEPTORS OCCUPIED.

CLARK'S OCCUPATIONAL THEORY

HAS AFFINITY AND INTRINSIC ACTIVITY

FULL AGONIST

HAS AFFINITY BUT NO INTRINSIC ACTIVITY

ANTAGONIST

HAS AFFINITY BUT LESSER INTRINSIC ACTIVITY COMPRED TO AGONIST

PARTIAL AGONIST

DRUG EFFECT ID PROPORTIONAL TO THE RATE AT WHICH THE DRUG AND RECEPTOR COMBINE

PATON'S RATE THEORY

DRUG AS ASSOCIATES QUICKLY AND DISSOCIATES IMMEDIATELY TO THE RECEPTOR.

AGONISTS

DRUG IS ASSOCIATES BUT DISSOCIATES MUCH SLOWER/REASSOCIATION TO THE RECEPTOR IS ALSO SLOWER

ANTAGONIST

DRUG THAT CAN INDUCED SEDATION OR HYPNOSIS

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS ARE DRUG THAT USED FOR:

SEDATION HYPNOSIS MUSCLES RELAXATION

DRUG THAT HAS ANTI-ANXIETY EFFECT/CALMING EFFECT

SEDATION

INDUCE DROWSINESS/ENCOURAGE SLEEP MUSCLE RELAXATION

HYPNOSIS

FEELING ASLEEP; LOSS OF ANXIETY

SEDATION

TYPE OF SEDATION THAT AWAKE AND RELAX

MINIMAL (CONSCIOUS)

TYPE OF SEDATION THAT DEPRESSED CONSCIOUSNESS; PX CAN STILL RESPOND TO EXTERNAL STIMULI

MODERATE

TYPE OF SEDATION THAT DEPRESSED CONSCIOUSNESS; PX RESPONDS TO PAINFUL OR REPEATED STIMULI

DEEP

MEDICALLY INDUCED COMA

GENERAL ANESTHESIA

CLASSIFICATION OF SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS (2)

BARBITURATES AND NON-BARBITURATES

ACTIVE INGREDIENT OF BARBITURATES THAT PRODUCES SEDATIVE EFFECT

BARBARIC ACID

BARBITURATE USED TO INDUCE GENERAL ANESTHESIA

ULTRA SHORT ACTING

VERY SHORT DURATION OF ACTION FAST INDUCTION BECAUSE LIPID SOLUBLE , RAPID RECOVERY

ULTRA SHORT ACTING

DRUGS OF ULTRA SHORT ACTING

THIOPENTAL AND METHOHEXITAL

SHORT ACTING (SPENT)

SECOBARBITAL AND PENTOBARBITAL

INTERMEDIATE ACTING (AMBUT)

AMOBARBITAL AND BUTABARBITAL

LONG ACTING

PHENOBARBITAL MEPHOBARBITAL AND PRIMIDONE

TYPE OF BARBITURATES THAT USED FOR INSOMNIA

SHORT & INTERMEDIATE ACTING

TYPE OF BARBITURATE USED FOR EPILEPTIC SEIZURE

LONG ACTING

END OF STAGE 1 AND START OF STAGE 2 OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA

UNCONSCIOUS PATIENT

STAGE OF AMNESIA AND ANALGESIA

STAGE 1

CANNOT CREATE NEW MEMORIES

ANTEROGRADE

LOST OF OLD/PAST MEMORIES

RETROGRADE

UNSTABLE STAGE OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA

STAGE 2

DRUG THAT MAINTAIN THE DOSE OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA

LONG ACTING BARBITURATES

THIS STAGE WANT TO SKIP OF ANESTHESIOLOGIST

STAGE 2

STAGE 3

SURGICAL STAGE

RAPID DISTRIBUTION FROM BRAIN TO OTHER TISSUE

STAGE 4

STAGE 2

DELIRIUM AND EXCITEMENT

CALLED DESIRABLE STAGE MAINTAIN DOSE/STABLE STAGE

STAGE 3

STAGE 4

MEDULLARY PARALYSIS AND RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

STAGE 1-4 OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA BY?

GUEDEL'S STAGE OF GENERAL ANESTHESIA

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS THAT NO BARBARIC ACID

NON-BARBITURATES

COMMONLY USED "NON-BARBITURATE" IN PX.

CHLORAL HYDRATE

REGULATES SLEEP-WAKE CYCLE IN SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS CAN AFFECT?

RETICULAR ACTIVATING SYSTEM (RAS)

COMMON SEDATIVE DRUG USED IN PEDIATRIC

CHLORAL HYDRATE

NON-BARBITURATE FOR INSOMNIA

FLUMAZEPAM

COMMON SEDATIVE DRUG USED IN DENTISTRY

MIDAZOLAM (BENZODIAZEPINES)

ANXIOLYTIC DRUG

BUSPIRONE

USED AS LOCAL ANESTHESIA WHEN PATIENT IS ALLERGIC BOTH ESTER AND AMIDE

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

NON-BARBITURATE FOUND IN ALCOHOL

ETHANOL

DRUG USED FOR INSOMNIA (NON-BARBITURATE)

RAMELTEON ESZOPICLONE ZOLPIDEM ZALEPLON

ANXIOLYTIC SEDATIVE EFFECT BUT THE PRIMARY IS ALSO AN ANTI-HISTAMINE

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

MOST COMMON INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTER

GABA RECEPTOR

SEDATIVE VS GABA

SEDATIVE ENHANCES GABA

DRUG COMPONENTS OF LETHAL INJECTION

THIOPENTAL PANCURONIUM BROMIDE POTASSIUM CHLORIDE

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS DRUG USED:

SEDATION INDUCTION OF G.A INSOMNIA ANTI-SEIZURE AND ANTI-ANXIETY

3 SLEEP AROUSAL STATE

AWAKE ASLEEP DREAMING

ADVERSE EFFECT OF SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC

DRUG DEPENDENCE STIMULATES PORPHYRIN PRODUCTION RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION COMA

ANY DRUG AFFECT CNS THEY CAUSED ADDICTION. TRUE OR FALSE

TRUE

RED-ELEVATED PPORPHYRIN

PORPHYRISM

LEAD TO DEATH

RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

DRUG INTERACTION OF SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC

*INCREASE OF LIVER MICROSOMAL ENZYME *INCREASE ACTIVITY OF COUMARIN-RELATED AGENTS *PRECAUTION TO COMBINE WITH OTHER CNS DEPRESSANT

CNS DEPRESSANT DRUGS (SNAB)

SEDATIVE NARCOTIC ALCOHOL BENZODIAZEPINES

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS DRUG PRECAUTION TO COMBINE WITH OTHER CNS DEPRESSANT BECAUSE?

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

1+1+=>2

SYNERGISTIC

1+1=2

ADDITIVE

1+1=0

ANTAGONIST

1+0=2

POTENTIATION

SEDATIVE HYPNOTICS PRODUCE ANALGESIA. TRUE OR FALSE?

FALSE, BECAUSE IT IS NOT PRODUCE ANALGESIA. IT PRODUS DRUG DEPENDENCE

ANTICONVULSANTS IS AKA:

ANTISEIZURE,ANXIOLYTIC,ANTI-ANXIETY,MINOR TRANQUILIZERS

PRIMARY USE OF ANTICONVULSANT DRUG

ANTI-EPILEPTIC OR ANTI-SEIZURE,ANTI-ANXIETY

TYPES OF SEIZURE (2)

PARTIAL SEIZURE GENERALIZED SEIZURE

ABNORMAL ACTIVITY IN JUST ONE PART OF BRAIN

PARTIAL SEIZURE

ABNORMAL ACTIVITY IN ALL PART OF BRAIN

GENERALIZED SEIZURE

AKA PETITMAL SEIZURE/ BLANKING OUT

ABSENCE SEIZURE

ABSENCE OF MOVEMENT FOR FEW SECONDS

ABSENCE SEIZURES

AWAKE; SHOCK-LIKE JERKS OF A SINGLE OR GROUP OF MUSCLEM(MUSCLES ARE JERKINGS)

MYOCLONIC

"DROP SEIZURE"

ATONIC SEIZURE

ABSENCE OF MUSCLE TONE; AWAKE; MUSCLE RELAXATION FOR FEW SECONDS TO FEW MIN.

ATONIC SEIZURE

MOST COMMON TYPE OF GENERALIZED SIZURE

TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE

"GRANDMAL SEIZURE"

TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE

STIFFED MUSCLES INITIALLY (MUSCLES STIFFNESS+JERKING MOVEMENTS)

TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE

REPEATED GRANDMAL

STATUS EPILEPTICUS

DOC FOR TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE & STATUS EPILEPTICUS

DIAZEPAM (BENZODIAPINES) PHENYTOIN

SEVERE TYPE OF TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE

STATUS EPILEPTICUS

COMMON DRUGS ANTI-SEIZURE

BENZODIAPINES PHENYTOIN CARBAMAZEPINES VALPORIC ACID BARBITURATES

CHEMICAL NAME OF PHENYTOIN

DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN

BRAND NAME OF PHENYTOIN

DILANTIN SODIUM

DRUG ASSOCIATED WITH GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA

PHENYTOIN CYCLOSPORINE CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER DRUG DRUGS:

NIFEDIPINE AMLODIPINE VERAPAMIL

BRAND NAME OF CARBAMAZEPINE

TEGRETOL

DOC FOR TIC DOULOUREUX (PAINFUL SPAMS)

CARBAMAZEPINE

DOC FOR TRIGEMMINAL NEURALGIA

CARBAMAZEPINE

LOCAL ANESTHESIA USED FOR TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

BUPIVACAINE

MAINLY "SEDATIVE HYPNOTIC"

BARBITURATES (LEAST)

MECHANISMS ACTION OF ANTI-SEIZURE DRUG

ACTIVATES GABA RECEPTOR INCREASE INHIBITION OF THE DIFFERENT PARTS OF CNS(NEUROTRANSMITTER)

DRUG USES OF ANTICONVULSANT OR ANTI-SEIZURE

ANTI-ANXIETY INDUCTION OF G.A INSOMNIA

ANTICONVULSANT USED TO INDUCE GENERAL ANESTHESIA (MOST COMMON)

BENZODIAPZEPINE (MIDAZOLAM)

OTHER ADVERSE EFFECT OF ANTICONVULSANTS

SEVERE SEDATION PARADOXIMAL EXCITEMENT ANTI-ANXIETY DRUG DEPENDENCE RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION INDUCE GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA (PHENYTOIN)

ANTI-SEIZURE + ANTI-ARRYTHMIC DRUG

PHENYTOIN

BENZODIAZEPINES ARE METABOLIZED SLOWLY BY THE:

LIVER

ACTIVE METABOLITE OF BENZODIAZEPINE

DIMETHYLDIAZEPAM

IS SLOWLY AND POORLY ABSORBED IN ROUTE OF IV ADMINISTRATION

DIAZEPAM (ORAL AND IV)

MOST COMMON ADVERSE EFFECT OF ANTICONVULSANT

SEVERE SEDATION

ASSOCIATED WITH BENZODIAZEPINES NITROUS OXIDE "LAUGHING GAS" STAGE OF PHARMACOKINETICS

PARADOXIMAL EXCITEMENT(THAT BY PASS: METABOLISM STAGE)

CNS DEPRESSANT AGENT WHEN COMBINE TO ANTICONVULSANT THEY PRODUCE?

SYNERGISTIC DRUG INTERACTION

DRUG WITH SLIGHT ANTI-CHOLINERGIC EFFECTS (DiTRiBeAM)

DIPHENHYDRAMINE TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT BENZODIAZEPINE ANTIPSYCHOTIC MEPERIDINE

PREACUTION TO GIVE TO A PX WITH GLAUCOMA

DIPHENHYDRAMINE TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT BENZODIAZEPINE ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS MEPERIDINE ATROPINE & SCOPALAMINE

NARCOTIC AND NON-NARCOTIC

ANALGESIC

GOLD STANDARD OF NARCOTICS

MORPHINE

NARCOTIC DERIVED FROM PLANT

POPPY PLANT (PAPAVER SOMNIFERUM)

AKA NARCOTIC THAT ON OPIOIDS RECEPTOR (3O'S)

OPIOIDS OPIUM OPIATES

3 RECEPTOR OF NARCOTIC RECEPTOR

MU KAPPA DELTA

DRUGS WITH MORPHINE-LIKE PROPERTIES THAT ACT IN CNS

MORPHINE

MECHANISM ACTION OF NARCOTIC (MU,KAPPA,DELTA) FOUND IN:

1. LIMBIC SYSTEM - EMOTION CENTER OF BRAIN *HIPPOCAMPUS- MEMORY CENTER *AMYGDALA-RESPONSIBLE FOR FEAR,ANGER,AROUSAL (ALMOND SHAPE) *SUBSTANSTIA NIGRA- DOPAMINE PRODUCTION *BASAL GANGLIA- VOLUNTARY MOTOR MOVEMENTS 2. AREA POSTREMA 3. SOLITARY NUCLEI 4. SUBSTANSTIA GELATINOSA OF ROLANDO

STRUCTURE FOUND IN "MEDULLA OBLONGATA"

AREA POSTREMA SOLITARY NUCLEI

RESPONSIBLE FOR NAUSEA AND VOMITING

AREA POSTREMA

RESPONSIBLE FOR GAG REFLEX, COUGH REFLEX, BARORECEPTOR, GASTRIC MOTILITY

SOLITARY NUCLEI

NARCOTICS THAT SUPPRESSES COUGH REFLEX

ANTI-TUSSIVE DRUG

EXAMPLE DRUG OF ANTI-TUSSIVE DRUG

DEXTROMETHORPIN (ROBITUSSIN)

HAS ANTI-DIARRHEA EFFECT DRUG TAKEN TO INHIBIT GASTRIC MOTILITY

LOPERAMIDE (DIATABS)

DESCRIBE "GATE" IN GATE CONTROL THEORY

SUBSTANSTIA GELATINOSA OF ROLANDO

MOST ACCEPTED THEORY FOR PAIN

GATE CONTROL THEORY

PAIN STIMULUS IT __ GATE NON-PAINFUL STIMULUS IT __ GATE

OPEN CLOSE

GATE CONTROL THEORY PROPOSED BY:

MELZACH & WALL

ENDOGENOUS OPIOIDS PRODUCED BY OUR BODY

ENCEPHALINS & ENDORPHINS

NARCOTIC BLOCK PAIN IN THE PNS. TRUE OR FALSE?

FALSE, IT BLOCKS THE CNS ONLY

COMBINATION OF DIPHENOXYLATE AND ATROPINE

LOMOTIL (BISACODYL)

THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF NARCOTICS

ANALGESIA SEDATION EUPHORIA (DYSPHORIA) ELIMINATES COUGH DRUG DEPENDENCE NAUSEA RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

WHAT KIND OF DRUG IS GUAIFENESIN

EXPECTORANT

OVERDOSE OF MORPHINE (CHARACTERISTIC OF MORPHINE TRIAD)

PIN-POINT PUPIL (MIOSIS) COMA RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

COMPONENTS OF NEUROLEPTIC ANALGESIA (ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUE THAT PUTS PX IN STAGE 1 (AMNESIA&ANALGESIA)

NARCOTIC AGENTS NEUROLEPTIC AGENTS NITROUS OXIDE

ALSO CALLED HALLUCINOGEN/ANTI-PSYCHOTIC/MINOR TRANQUILIZER

NEUROLEPTIC AGENTS

INDUCE HALLUCINATIONS (NEUROLEPTIC FRUG)

BUTYROPHENONES (DROPPERIDOL)

DRUG THAT CAUSES DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA

KETAMINE

DESCRIBE AS TRANCE-LIKE STATE

DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA

THE PX LOOKS AWAKE BUT PX IS UNCONSCIOUS

DISSOCIATIVE ANESTHESIA

TYPE OF NARCOTIC DRUG CONTRAINDICATED TO GLAUCOMA

MEPERIDINE

CONTRAINDICATED TO GLAUCOMA (DiTRIBeAM)

DIPHENHYDRAMINE TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT BENZODIAZEPINES ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG MEPERIDINE * BECAUSE IT HAS A SLIGHT CHOLINERGIC DRUG

DRUG USED FOR SEVERE OROFACIAL PAIN

CODEINE

PRODRUG CONVERTED TO MORPHINE

CODEINE

CODEINE COMMON USED IN DENTAL BECAUSE:

IT HAS LOW DRUG DEPENDENCE

ACETAMINOPHEN IS SIMILAR WITH DRUG IN PH

PARACETAMOL

OTHER TERM OF ACETAMINOPHEN

A-PARAMINOPHENOL OR N-ACETYL PARAMINOPHENOL

OXYCODONE + ACETAMINOPHEN=

TYLOX (SYNERGISTIC EFFECT)

PERCOCET

OXYCODONE

MOLLY

ECSTASY (PARTY DRUG)

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION OF MORPHINE AND MEPERIDINE

PARENTERAL (IV)

CODEINE,OXYCODONE,METHADONE ADMINISTERED:

ORALLY

MORE POTENT THAN MORPHINE

FENTANYL

DIACETYLMORPHINE

HEROIN

BIG H HORSE BROWN SUGAR

HEROIN

STREET NAME: COCAINE

COKE / CANDY

POOR MAN'S COCAINE SHABU CRYSTAL METH

METHAMPETAMINE

DENTAL DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH METHAMPHETAMINE HCL IS:

METH MOUTH

MJ BLUNT WEED

MARIJUANA (CANNABIS SATIVA)

DRUG THAT SHOULDN'T BE COMBINED WITH MAO INHIBITORS

MEPERIDINE

MEPERIDINE SHOULD NOT COMBINE TO MAO INHIBITOR BECAUSE

IT WILL PRODUCE HYPERPYREXIA

OTHER DRUGS CONTRAINDICATED FOR MAO INHIBITOR ARE:

SSRI EPHEDRINE EPINEPHRINEEE

REVERSAL AGENT FOR NARCOTIC TOXICITY

NALOXONE OR NALTREXONE

DRUGS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION AND DRUG DEPENDENCE

SEDATIVE SEDATION NARCOTICS ALCOHOL BENZODIAZEPINES

NON-SCHEDULE NARCOTIC NO NEED PRESCRIPTION

TRAMADOL

DRUG WITH DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION (OPIOID/NON-OPIOIDS)

TRAMADOL PROPOXYPHENE (DARVON) PENTAZOCAINE (TALWIN)

NARCOTICS (DEPRESSANT) THAT ARE METABOLIZED TO A CNS STIMULANT BY THE LIVER:

MEPERIDINE AND PROPOXYPHENE

COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUG ACT OF 2002

RA 9165

GENERAL ACT OF 1988

RA 6678

POSSES THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR USE DISORDER AND MISUES. NO MEDICAL USE

SCHEDULE I

REDUCED POTENTIAL FOR USE DISORDERS THAN SCHEDULE I. AT HIGH RISK FOR BOTH PHYSICAL & PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

SCHEDULE II

LOWER MISUES POTENTIAL THAN I AND II. MAY CAUSE PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE BUT MORE COMMONLY LEAD TO PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

SCHEDULE III

LIMITED RISK OF PHYSICAL OR PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

SCHEDULE IV

LEAST LIKELY OF THE CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES TO BE MISUSED. LIMITED PHYSICAL OR PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

SCHEDULE V

IMPAIRED CONTROL OVER TAKING THE DRUG

PHYSHIC DEPENDENCE

CONTINUED ADMINISTRATION OF THE DRUG IS REQUIRED TO PREVENT UNPLEASANT WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME

PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

REPEATED EXPOSURE TO THE SAME DRUG DOSE LEADS TO DECREASE RESPONSE TO THE DRUG.

TOLERANCE

OPIOID WITHDRAWAL IS NOT LIFE THREATENING. TRUE OR FALSE?

TRUE

MOST COMMON DRUG ASSOCIATED WITH WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS (LIFE THREATENING)

ALCOHOL

SIMILAR TO TOLERANCE BUT MORE ACUTE

TACHYPHYLAXIS

TO INDUCE GENERAL ANESTHESIA ( MEDICALLY INDUCED REVERSIBLE COMA)

SEDATION AMNESIA MUSCLE PARALYSIS ANALGESIA

OVERDOSE OF ANESTHESIA CAN LEAD TO:

DEATH

INHALATIONAL DRUGS USED IN G.A

HALOTHENE (DESFLURANE)

SHORT ACTING HYPNOTIC AGENT

PROPOFOL

*ANALGESIC THAT BLOCK PAIN PRIMARILY IN THE PNS (CNS). *DOESN'T HAVE CNS DEPRESSANT EFFECT *DO NOT ACT ON OPIOID RECEPTORS

NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC DRUG

ACETAMINOPHEN ASPIRIN NSAIDS

MECHANISM ACTION OF NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

DRUG INHIBIT THE ACTIVITY OF CYCLOOXYGENASE (CYCLOOXYGENASE INHIBITOR)

ENZYME IN OUR BODY RESULTING TO DEACREASE PROSTAGLANDIN PRODUCTION

CYCLOOXYGENASE

PROSTHAGLANDINS ARE PRODUCED IN:

CNS - ELEVATE CAUSES FEVER, HEADACHE,PAIN PNS -INCREASE PROSTHAGLANDIN CAUSES PAIN,INFLAMMATION,GASTRIC PROTECTION

GENERAL PHARMACOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF NON-NARCOTICS

MILD TO MODERATE PAIN CONTROLS FEVER/ ANTI-PYRETIC ANTI-INFLAMMATORY

BYPRODUCT OF CYCLOOXYGENASE PATHWAY

PROSTAGLANDIN THROMBOXANE A2 PROSTACYCLIN

ENZYME THAT BREAKDOWN PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER DURING TISSUE DAMAGE

PHOSPHOLIPASE A2

BREAKDOWN OF PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER BY PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 RESULT TO PRODUCTION OF ARACHIDONIC ACID

ARACHIDONIC ACID

ONCE ARACHIDONIC ACID ACID GOES TO THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. IT WILL BIND TO:

LIPOOXYGENASE

ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLIZE BY LIPOOXYGENASE

LEUKOTRIENE

BINDING SITE OF LEUKOTRIENE

LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR

BINDING OF LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR IN LUNGS IT WILL RESULT TO:

BRONCHOCONSTRICTION

DRUG EXAMPLE OF LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR BLOCKER THAT PREVENT ASTHMA

MONTELUKAST

ENZYME IN CNS

COX 2

COX 2 IN CNS CONVERTS:

PROSTHAGLANDINS

PLATELET: BLOOD CLOTTING

THROMBOXANE A2

PROTECTS STOMACH/ INCREASE RENAL BLOOD FLOW

PROSTHAGLANDIN IN COX 2 CNS

COX 2 IN PNS CONVERTS INTO:

PROSTHAGLANDINS: PAIN, INFLAMMATION PROSTACYCLINS: INFLAMMTION, PAIN

CENTRALLY ACTING NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

ACETAMINOPHEN

AKA PARACETAMOL / NO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT.

ACETAMINOPHEN

EFFECTS OF ACETAMINOPHEN

ANTI-PYRETIC ANALGESIC NO GI IRRITATION NO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT

PERIPHERALLY ACTING ANALGESIC (EXCEPT:ACETAMINOPHEN)

NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

INHIBIT COX 1 & COX 2 IN PNS

NSAID

COMMON EFFECT OF NSAID

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANALGESIC ANTIPYRETIC ANTICOAGULANT GASTRIC IRRITATION GERD NAUSEA HEPATOTOXIC NEPHROTOXIC

THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF NSAID

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANALGESIC

ASPIRIN + NSAID CAN ENHANCE THE EFFECTS OF:

WARFARIN (COUMADIN) AND COUMARIN

NSAID + ANOTHER NSAID CAN CAUSE:

EXACERBATE THEIR TOXIC EFFECT

NSAID + PARACETAMOL

SYNERGISTIC

DRUG EXAMPLE OF NSAID

IBUPROFEN DICLOFENAC PIROXICAM INDOMETHACIN SULINDAC NEBUMETONE

OTHER NSAID DRUG

MEFENAMIC DRUG TOLMETIN OXAPROZIN FLURBIPROFEN KETOPROFEN NAPHROXEN DIFLUNISAL ETOPOLAC ASPIRIN COX 2 INHIBITOR

ASPIRIN AKA:

ACETYLSALICYCLIC ACID

INACTIVE "PRODRUG" CONVERTED TO SALICYLATES

ASPIRIN

IT IRREVERSIBLY INHIBIT PLATELET COX 1

ASPIRIN

SIDE EFFECT OF ASPIRIN WHO CHILD HAD VIRAL INFECTION

REYES SYNDROME

SELECTIVELY INHIBIT COX 2

SELECTIVE COX 2 INHIBITOR

EFFECTS OF SELECTIVE COX 2 INHIBITOR

GASTRIC IRRITATION / GI IRRITATION INCREASE BLEEDING TENDENCY RENAL DAMAGE

COX 2 INHIBITOR DRUGS:

(-IB) ETORICOXIB CELECOXIB LUMIRACOXIB VALDECOXIB ROFECOXIB

DRUGS THAT NOT GIVE TO PATIENT PRIOR TO SURGERY

NSAID (ASPIRIN)

DRUGS THAT ARE HEPATOTOXIC

ACETAMINOPHEN, RIFAMPICIN,TETRACYCLINE

A TOXIC PRODRUG THAT IS CONVERTED TO ACETAMINOPHEN

PHENACETIN

EXCESSIVE DOSES OF THESE TWO DRUG CAN LEAD TO "NARCOTIC-LIKE" ADVERSE EFFECTS.

PENTAZOCINE PROPOXYPHENE

DRUG INTERACTION OF PNS ACTING AND CNS ACTING NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESIC

SYNERGISTIC

NON-SCHEDULE DRUG: DONT NEED PRESCRIPTION

TRAMADOL

BRAND NAME OF IBUPROFEN

ALAXAN MEDICOL MIDOL

GENERIC NAME OF FLANAX

NAPROXEN

TOXIC EFFECT OF COX 2 INHIBITOR

CAN LEAD TO HEART ATTACK OR STROKE OR ANY CARDIAL DISEASE

COX 2 INHIBITOR ARE TAKE MAXIMUM OF:

7DAYS

NSAID THAT REDUCE PAIN,FEVER,INFLAMMATION WITHOUT HAVING GI PROBLEMS

COX 2 INHIBITOR

ASSOCIATED WITH LIVER FUNCTION TEST ABNORMALITIES

DICLOFENAC AND SULINDAC

AN NSAID SAFE FOR PX AT HIGH RISK FOR GI BLEEDING AND NOT SAFE OF HIGH RISK FOR CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICITY

CELECOXIB

RECOMMENDED FOR PX WITH HIGH RISK FOR GI BLEEDING

CELECOXIB (OR A NON-SELECTIVE NSAID) + OMEPRAZOLE

RECOMMENDED DRUG FOR PX WITH RENAL INSUFFICIENCY-NONACETYLATED SALICYLATES

MAGNESIUM CHOLINE SALICYLATE SODIUM SALICYLATE SALICYL-SALICYLATE

OVERDOSE OF ASPIRIN

SALICYLISM

OLDEST NSAID

ASPIRIN

DRUG USE TO TREAT SALICYLISM

SODIUM BICARBONATE

TOXIC EFFECT OF ASPIRIN

GASTRIC IRRITATION RENAL DAMAGE

DRUG THAT ARE SIMILAR TO THE ENDOGENOUS GLUCOCORTICOIDS

SYNTHETIC GLUCOCORTICOIDS (CORTICOSTEROID DRUGS)

PRIMARY STRESS GREEN HORMONES

CORTISOL

DRUG WITH SUFFIX OF -SONE AND -LONE

STEROIDAL DRUGS

MECHANISM ACTION OF STEROID

INHIBIT THE PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 (ENZYME)

RESULT TO DECREASE ARACHIDONIC ACID

STEROIDAL DRUG

PHARMACOLOGICAL USES OF STEROIDS.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY IMMUNOSUPPRESANT PREVENT GRAFT REJECTION AND PROSTHETIC REJECTION TX FOR ADDISON'S DISEASE

TREATMENT FOR ADDISON DISEASE

CORTICOSTEROIDS

WHEN ALLERGIC OCCUR AND ALLERGIC IN EPINEPHRINE DRUG BE GIVEN IS SEVERE ALLERGIES

STEROID OR CORTICOSTEROIDS

DRUG THAT CAN MASK INFECTION

CORTICOSTEROID

MAY CAUSE BONE RADIOLUCENCY

CORTICOSTEROID

RX APPEARANCE OF CORTICOSTEROID

BILATERAL MANDIBULAR RADIOLUCENCY

CHRONIC GLUCOCORTICOID INTAKE "LONG TERM" >2WEEKS MAY LEAD TO:

ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY

WAITS FOR "ACH" COMING FROM ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND BEFORE SECRETING CORTISOL

ZONA FASCICULATA

RECEIVES "CRH" FROM HYPOTHALAMUS

ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

COMES FROM BASOPHILES OF ANT. PITUITARY GLAND

ACTH

THE ONE CONTROL ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

HYPOTHALAMUS

CONTROLS THE ZONA FASCICULATA

ANT. PITUITARY GLAND

SECRETES CORTISOL

ZONA FASCICULATA

HORMONE SECRETED BY HYPOTHALAMUS THAT CONTROL ANT.PITUITARY GLAND

CRH (CORTICOTROPHIC-RELEASING HORMONE)

STATE WHERE ADRENAL GLAND DO NOT SECRETE "ADEQUATE" GLUCOCORTICOID IN RESPONSE TO STRESS

ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY

HIGH DOSE FOR MORE THAN 2WEEKS COMMONLY LEADS TO:

CUSHING'S SYNDROME

MOST PROBLEM OF PATIENT WITH ADDISON'S SYNDROME IS:

THEY CANNOT COPE UP WITH STRESSFUL SITUATION

RULE TO PREDNISONE (<40MG-LOW DOSE) * IF PX IS IN LOW DOSE (PREDNISONE) NO ANYSIGN OF ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY

MAINTAIN THE DOSE

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS IS AKA:

MAJOR TRANQUILIZER NEUROLEPTIC AGENTS HALLUCINOGENS

DRUG THAT USED IN PATIENT WITH MENTAL DISORDER

ANTI-PSYCHOTIC DRUG

DRUG USED TO TREAT PSYCHOSES AND CAN AFFECT MOOD AND MENTAL PROCESS.

ANTI-PSYCHOTIC DRUG

CLASSIFICATION OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC (2)

TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

ASSOCIATED WITH EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME

TYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS (FIRST GENERATION)

COMMON SOURCE (1ST GEN ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG)

PHENOTHIAZINE DERIVATIVES THIOXANTHENE DERIVATIVES BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVES

PROTOTYPE OF 1ST GEN ANTIPSYCHOTIC

CHLORPROMAZINE

PROTOTYPE OF 2ND GEN

CLOZAPINE

NOT ASSOCIATED WITH EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME

ATYPICAL ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS (SECOND GEN)

COMMON ADVERSE EFFECT OF ANITPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME TARDIVE DYSKINESIA AKATHISIA PARKINSON'S SYNDROME / DISEASE ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTION

MOVEMENT DISORDER

EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME

ABNORMAL INVOLUNTARY REPEATED BODY MOVEMENTS

TARDIVE DYSKINESIA

UNCONTROLLED RESTLESSNESS

AKATHISIA

ROLLING PIN / SLOW MOVEMENT, SHAKING, STIFFNESS, POSTURAL INSTABILITY REDUCED ARMSWING/ DEFICIENT DOPAMINE LEVELS

PARKINSON'S DISEASE PARKINSON'S SYNDROME

SPASTIC RETROCOLLIS OR TORTICOLLIS

ACUTE DYSTONIC REACTION

TYPES OF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER

SCHIZOPHRENIA MANIC-DEPRESSIVE SYNDROME

CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE DOPSMINE LEVEL/ MOST PROBLEM IS DELUSIONAL

SCHIZOPHRENIA

TX FOR SCHIZOPRENIA

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG

AKA BIPOLAR DISORDER

MANIC-DEPRESSIVE SYNDROME

GREAT EXCITEMENT, EUPHORIA, EXCESSIVE OPTIMISM

MANIC

FEELING OF SADNESS OR LOSS OF INTEREST, ANXIETY, SLEEP DISTURBANCE & DIURNAL VISION

DEPRESSION

FIRST DRUG THAT BECAME EFFECTIVE FOR BIPOLAR DISORDER

LITHIUM ION

OTHER COMMON DRUGS USED IN ANTIPSYCHOTIC:

CARBAMAZEPINE AND VALPROIC ACID LAMOTRIGINE CHLORPROMAZINE ,OLANZAPINE, QUETIAPINE OLANZAPINE + FLUOXETIME QUETIAPINE

ADVERSE EFFECT (1ST GEN) ANTIPSYCHOTIC

EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SYNDROME TARDIVE DYSKINESIA PARKINSONISM LIKE SYMPTOMS

MOST COMMON TCA (TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT) FOR DEPRESSION

AMITRIPTYLINE

PATIENT PRESENT WITH "TIC"

TOURETTE'S SYNDROME

HABITUAL SPASMODIC MUSCLE COMTRACTION / UTTERING WORDS

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG

ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUG WITH ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PROPERTIES.

RESERPINE

DRUG USED FOR NEUROLEPTIC ANALGESIA

NARCOTIC BUTYROPHENONES NITROUS OXIDE

NERVOUS DISORDER CAHRACTERIZED BY A STATE OF UNEASINESS AND APPREHENSION TYPICALLY WITH PANIC ATTACKS

ANXIETY

ANTI-ANXIETY DRUG

ANXIOLYTIC

DRUG THERAPY FOR ANXIETY

ANTI-ANXIETY (MINOR TRANQUILIZER) ANTI-DEPRESSANT

MOST COMMON ANTIANXIETY DRUG

DIAZEPAM

OTHER BENZODIAZEPINE USED FOR ANTIANXIETY

CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE CHLORAZEPATE DIAZEPAM

PRODUCES SEDATION AND RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

"SNAB"

TYPE OF DEPRESSION DUE TO EXTERNAL STIMULI

EXOGENOUS DEPRESSION

TYPE OF DEPRESSION WHICH DOESN'T INVOVLE EXTERNAL STIMULI

ENDOGENOUS DEPRESSION

DRUGS ARE USED TO TREAT MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

ANTIDEPRESSANT

CHARACTERIZED BY DEPRESSED MOOD MOST OF THE TIME FOR ATLEAST 2 WEEKS AND LOST OF INTEREST OR PLEASURE IN MOST ACTIVITIES

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

(2) HYPOTHESIS ACCEPTED FOR THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE DISEASE

MONOAMINES HYPOTHESIS NEUROTROPIC HYPOTHESIS

MORE ACCEPTED HYPOTHESIS

MONOAMINE HYPOTHESIS

DEPRESSED PX HAVE DECREASE MONOAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTER IN THE CNS

MONOAMINE HYPOTHESIS

CONTROLS OF MOOD

DOPAMINE NOREPINEPHRINE SEROTONIN

DEPRESS PX HAVE DECREASE NERVE GROWTH FACTOR

NEUROTROPIC HYPOTHESIS

DRUG EXAMPLES OF ANTIDEPRESSANT

SSRI \SNRI TCA MAO INHIBITOR

INCREASE SEROTONIN IN SYNAPSE

SSRI

DRUG PREVENT THE REUPTAKE OF THE SEROTONIN AT THE AXON TERMINAL

SSRI

INCREASE SEROTONIN & NOREPINEHRINE IN SYNAPSE

SNRI

EXAMPLE DRUG OF SNRI

SNRI TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT

COMMON TCA DRUG

AMITRIPTYLINE

TCA DRUGS:

IMAPRAMINE DESIPRAMINE AMITRIPTYLINE PROTRIPTYLINE DOXEPIN

DRUG INHIBITS THE MONOAMINES OXIDASE

MAO INHIBITORS

EXAMPLE DRUG OF MAO INHIBITOR

FLUOXETINE

MECHANISM ACTION OF ANTI DERPRESSANT

ELEVATES ADRENERGIC NEUROTRANSMITTER "EXCITATORY NEUROTRANSMITTER"

TX FOR DEPRESSION WHERE BRAIN IS STIMULATED USING ELECTRICITY

ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY

DRUG CONTRAINDICATED WITH MAO INHIBITOR AND WILL PPRODUCE HYPERPYREXIA

MEPERIDINE SSRI EPINEPHRINE EPHENDRINE

MOST COMMON ABUSED DRUG IN THE WORLD WIDELY USED BY MANKIND

ETHYL ALCOHOL (ETHANOL)

EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL

EUPHORIA ATAXIA INTOXICATION ACUTE CONSUMPTION

USED FOR ALCOHOLISM / USED FOR ALCOHOLIC PX AND THEY WANT TO WITHDRAW (ANTABUSE DRUG)

DISULFIRAM

ALCOHOL INHIBITS ___HORMONE RESULT TO INCREASE URINE OUTPUT

ANTI-DIURETIC HORMONE

ALCOHOL CAN CAUSE PERMANENT NERVE DAMAGE OR NECROSIS CAN SOMETIMES USED AS TX FOR DISEASE

TIC DOULOUREUX

DRUG ALTER THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

AUTONOMIC DRUG (ANS)

TWO MAIN BRANCHES AUTONOMIC N.S

PARASYMPATHETIC & SYMPATHETIC

RECEPTOR OF SYMPATHETIC NEURONS.

ADRENIERGIC RECEPTORS

A1 BLOOD VESSELS ONCE IT ACTIVATED WILL LEAD TO:

VASOCONSTRICTION

A2 FOUND BLOOD VESSELS BUT IT HAS OPPOSITE THAT CAUSE:

VASODILATION

B1 FOUND IN CARDIAC (MYOCYTE) ONCE IT ACTIVATED IT:

INCREASE FORCE OF CONTRACTION AND RATE OF CONTRACTION THAT CAUSE ARRHYTHMIA

B2 FOUND IN BRONCHIAL AIRWAY ONCE IT IS ACTIVATED: ALSO FOUND IN BLOOD VESSELS LEADING TO:

BRONCHODILATION VASODILATION

DRUG THAT DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ACTIVATE THE ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.

ADRENERGIC DRUG

CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO ACTION (ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR)

DIRECT ACTING INDIRECT ACTING

DIRECTLY STIMULATE ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR (ALPHA & BETA)

DIRECT ACTING

IS AN ALPHA 1, BETA 1 & 2 AGONIST

DOPAMINE

BETA 1&2 AGONIST/ GOOD FOR PX WITH ASTHMA

ISOPROTERENOL

MAINLY ALPHA 1&2 AGONIST / USED WHEN PX IS IN LOW BLOOD PRESSURE

NOREPINEPHRINE

NOREPINEPHRIN BINDS TO THESE RECEPTORS

ALPHA&BETA

MOST POTENT ALPHA AGONIST / GOOD FOR ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK (1ST CHOICE FOR REVIVE)

EPINEPHRINE

USED FOR CASES THAT HAVE HYPOTENSION

PHENYLEPHRINE

SELECTIVE ALPHA 1 AGONIST

PHENYLEPHRINE

SELECTIVE APLHA 2 AGONIST (ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUG)

CLONIDINE (CATAPRES) METHYLDOPA

SELECTIVE ALPHA 1 AND BETA 1 AGONIST

DOBUTAMINE

USED FOR PX HAVE CARDIAC FAILURE

SELECTIVE ALPHA 1 AND BETA 1 AGONIST (DOBUTAMINE)

SELECTIVE BETA 2 AGONIST

ALBUTEROL (SALBUTAMOL) -DOC FOR ASTHMA TERBUTALINE

STIMULATES RELEASE OF NOREPINEPHRIN FROM ADRENERGIC NEURON

INDIRECT ACTING

DRUG EXAMPLES OF INDIRECT ACTING

TYRAMINE MEPHENTERMINE AMPHETAMINE METHYLPHENIDATE

USED FOR ADHD, NARCOLEPSY

METHYLPHENIDATE

COMMON BRAND OF METHYLPHENIDATE

RITALIN

USED FOR DEPRESSION , OBESITY, ADHD, NARCOLEPSY, REFORMULATE OF AMPHETAMINE

METHAMPHETAMINE

USED FOR OBESITY

EPHEDRINE

ARE NOT BRONCHODILATOR AND CANNOT REVERSE ACUTE ASTHMA

ALPHA RECEPTOR AGONIST

IT CANNOT REVERSE THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK BECAUSE IT IS MAINLY ALPHA 1&2 AGONIST

NOREPINEPHRINE

DRUGS THAT ANTAGONIZE ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR/IT BLOCK THE RECEPTOR SITE. IT PREVENT THE ACTIVATION OF THE RECEPTORS.

ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKER/ANTAGONIST

ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA & ANTI-HYPERCENTIVE

SELECTIVE BETA 2 ADRENERGIC BLOCKER

INTERFERES WITH THE RELEASE AND STORAGE OF NOPEINEPHRINE IN ADRENERGIC NEURONS.

ANDRENERGIC NEURON BLOCKERS

DRUG INCREASE THE BLOOD PRESSURE BEFORE DECREASING THE BLOOD PRESSURE OF PATIENT

ADRENERGIC NEURON BLOCKER

DRUG CAUSES REVERSAL OF SOME EFFECTS OF EPINEPHRINE

ALPHA BLOCKER

NOREPINEPHRINE BINDS TO THE RECEPTORS

ALPHA AND BETAM

MOST POTENT ALPHA AGONIST / GOOD FOR ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK

EPINEPHRINE

THE MOST IMPORTANT DRUG OF ALL TIME

THE DRUG OF LOVE. ILOVEYOU BABYYYYY

USED FOR CASES THAT HAVE HYPERTENSION

PHENYLEPHRINE

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG

SELECTIVE ALPHA 2 AGONIST

USED FOR PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC FAILURE

SELECTIVE 1 AND BETA 1 AGONIST

STIMULATES OF NOREPINEPHRINE FROM ADRENERGIC NEURON

INDIRECT ACTING

USED FOR DEPRESSION, OBESITY, ADHD, NARCOLEPSY / REFORMULATE TO AMPHETAMINE

METHAMPHETAMINE (SHABU)

EXAMPLES OF ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS

-NON-SELECTIVE ALPHA BLOCKERS (ALPHA 1 AND 2) -SELECTIVE ALPHA 1 -NON SELECTIVE BETA BLOCKER

NON-SELECTIVE BETA BLOCKERS / BETA 1 AND 2

ANTI-ARRYTHMIA ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE

NOT BRONCHODILATORS AND CANNOT REVERSE ACUTE ASTHMA

ALPHA-RECEPTOR AGONIST

IT CANNOT REVERSE THE LETHAL EFFECTS OF ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK BECAUSE IT IS MAINLY ALPHA 1, 2 AGONIST

NOREPINEPHRINE

DRUGS THAT ANTAGONIZE ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS

ANDRENERGIC RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS / BLOCKERS

DIVISION OF "ANS" REGULATED MAINLY BY NOREPINEPHRINE / FIGHT OR FLIGHT / STRESS AND MERGENCY SITUATION

SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

NEURONS BEFORE THE BANGLION

PREGANGLIONIC

NEURONS AFTER THE GANGLION

POSTGANGLIONIC

NEURONS RELEASING ACH

CHLOINERGIC NEURONS

WHAT ARE COLINERGIC NEURONS

MOTOR NEURON IN NMJ ALL PREGANG NEURONS POSTGANG OR PARASYMPATHETIC POST GANG OF SWEAT GLANDS

SKELETAL MUSCLE, ALL POSTGANGLIONIC NEURONS, CHROMATIN CELLS

NICOTINIC RECEPTORS ARE FOUND

MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS ARE FOUND

ALL EFFECTOR ORGANS OF PARASYMPATHETIC (SWEAT GLANDS)

NEURONS RELEASING NOREPINEPHRINE

ADRENERGIC NEURONS

ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS ARE FOUND IN?

ALL EFFECTOR ORGANDS OF SYMPATHETIC

MOST NUMEROUS ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR SEEN IN THE BLOOD VESSELS

ALPHA 1

ACTIVATES ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR A1 / A2 AND B1 / B2 TYRAMINE & MEPHENTERMINE -

AMPHETAMINES

BRONCHODILATORES USED TO REVERSE (PROPANOLOL + ASTHMA)

THEOPHYLLINE & THEOBROMINE

CAUSES TRANSIENT HYPERTENSION THEN HYPOTENSION

RESERPINE

EXAMPLES OF ACETYLCHOLINE-LIKE DRUGS

BETHANECOL CHLORIDE CARBOCHOL PILOCARPINE MUSCALINIC NICOTINE

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