Pharmacokinetics Flashcards
(19 cards)
What does API stand for?
Active pharmaceutical ingredient
What is biopharmaceutics?
The science that examines the interrelationship between rate and extend of systemic drug absorption and drug physicochemical properties
What does ADME stand for?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
What is pharmacodynamics?
The study of magnitude of drug response including onset, intensity and duration of action and how these are related to concentration of a drug at its site of action
What is the main focus in pharmacokinetics?
Plasma drug concentration
What does MEC stand for?
Minimum effective concentration
What does onset of action mean?
The time at which the administered drug reaches the therapeutic range and begins to produce the effect
What does termination of action mean?
The time at which the therapeutic effect disappears
What does duration of action mean?
The time span for the beginning of the onset of action up to the termination of action
What does MTC stand for?
Minimum toxic concentration
What does therapeutic range mean?
The plasma concentration range within which the drug is likely to produce the therapeutic activity or effect.
Describe intravascular routes
No absorption phase
Immediate onset of action
Entire administered dose is bioavailable
Describe extravascular routes
Absorption phase is present
Onset of action determined by different factors
Possible incomplete absorption
What is a lipid bilayer?
A biological membrane imbedded with proteins. composed of two opposing layers of lipid molecules.
Hydrocarbon tails face each other to form a oily bilayer core.
Why is drug concentration higher in GI tract than in blood?
Drug dilution in blood and body fluids
Drug distributed to tissue and plasma proteins do not participate in concentration gradient
What variables specify whether a drug passes through transcellular or para cellular routes?
The rate of diffusion
Permeability
What is bioavailability?
The fraction of the administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation intact
outline drug distribution
Once in the blood, drug is rapidly distributed throughout the entire volume of plasma and is delivered to tissues around the body.
these transport processes are referred to as drug distributions.
It’s evidenced by measuring drug concentration in plasma.
What factors affect drug distribution?
Characteristic of body tissue
Disease states that alter physiology
Lipid solubility of the drug
Regional differences in physiologic p
Extent of protein binding of the drug
