PHARMACOKINETICS 3

Question 1

Include oxidation (especially by the cytochrome P45- group of enzymes also called mixed function oxidases), reduction, deamination and hydrolysis

Answer 1

Phase 1 metabolism

Question 2

Refers to the loss of electrons, and an increase in oxidation state

Answer 2

Oxidation

Question 3

Involves cytochrome P-450 mixed oxidase system

Answer 3

CYP-mediated

Question 4

Refers to the addition of electrons and a decrease of oxidation state

Answer 4

Reduction

Question 5

It involves splitting of large molecule involving water as solvent

Answer 5

Hydrolysis

Question 6

Synthetic reactions that involve addition (conjugation) of subgroups to -OH, -NH 2, and -SH functions on the drug molecule.

Answer 6

Phase 2 Metabolism

Question 7

(T/F) Phase 2 Metabolism convert the Phase I metabolites to more polar and water-soluble
products

Answer 7

True

Question 8

The condensation of the drug or its primary metabolite with d-glucoronic acid

Answer 8

GLUCURONIDATION

Question 9

(T/F) The human newborn is still not capable of sulfate conjugation

Answer 9

False (Capable)

Question 10

It is the most common endogenous amine for conjugation with organic acids.

Answer 10

Glycine

Question 11

(T/F) A newborn is not capable of acetylation.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

It is only a minor pathway for conjugating drugs and xenobiotics

Answer 12

METHYLATION

Question 13

Parts of Phase 1 Metabolism

Answer 13

Oxidation
Reduction
Hydrolysis

Question 14

Phase II: GLUCORONIC ACID CONJUGATION Enzyme

Answer 14

GLUCORONOSYL TRANSFERASE

Question 15

Phase II: SULFATE CONJUGATION Enzyme

Answer 15

SULFOTRANSFERASES

Question 16

Phase II: GLUTATHIONE CONJUGATION Enzyme

Answer 16

GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE

Question 17

Phase II: ACETYLATION Enzyme

Answer 17

N-ACETYL TRANSFERASES

Question 18

Phase II: METHYLATION Enzyme

Answer 18

METHYL TRANSFERASE

Question 19

Phase II: Amino Acid Conjugation Enzyme

Answer 19

COENZYME A

Question 20

(T/F) Alteration in the enzyme activity in liver microsomes resulting in a faster rate of metabolism

Answer 20

True

Question 21

A drug that stimulates its own metabolism

Answer 21

AUTO-INDUCTION (Phenobarbital)

Question 22

Induction where one enzyme inducer stimulate the rate of metabolism of another drug

Answer 22

FOREIGN-INDUCTION

Question 23

May be due to substrate competition or due to direct inhibition of drug metabolizing enzyme

Answer 23

ENZYME INHIBITION

Question 24

The final elimination of the drug substance

Answer 24

Excretion

Question 25

Primary site of excretion

Answer 25

Kidney

Question 26

Part of the kidney that is responsible for the removal of metabolic waste and the maintenance of water and electrolyte balance

Answer 26

Nephrons

Question 27

Normal GFR

Answer 27

125mL/min (180 L/day

Question 28

General term that incorporates all the processes that may be involved in removing a parent drug from the body

Answer 28

Drug Elimination

Question 29

Collectively, they are responsible for the elimination of over 90% of drugs

Answer 29

Renal excretion and metabolism

Question 30

Involved in the elimination of less than 10% of parent drugs.

Answer 30

Excretion of the parent drug into the bile