Pharmacological Treatment of Hypertension

Question 1

What are some possible drugs used in the treatment of hypertension?

Answer 1

• Alpha 1 inhibitors,
• Beta blockers,
• Calcium channel blockers,
• Diuretics,
• ACE inhibitors,
• Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

Question 2

What are examples of alpha inhibitors

Answer 2

Doxazosin, prazosin

- Only used in SEVERE hypertension.

Question 3

Name some examples of beta blockers?

Answer 3

Atenolol and Bisoprolol

- Not first line treatment as they are less tolerated and less evidence for use.

Question 4

Name some examples of calcium channel blockers

Answer 4

Dihydropyridines - Amlodipine and Felodipine.

Non-dihydropyridines - Verapamil and Diltiazem

Question 5

What are the effects calcium channel blockers?

Answer 5

• Reduced contractility and reduced heart rate.

- Reduced vasoconstriction

Question 6

Name some examples of diuretics

Answer 6

Loops - Furosemide, bumetanide
Thiazide - Hydrochlorothiazide,
Potassium sparing - Spironolactone

Question 7

Name some examples of ACE inhibitors and a possible side effect

Answer 7

Lisinopril and Ramipril.

- Due to ACE inhibitors causing an increase in bradykinin, it can cause a dry cough.

Question 8

Name some examples of angiotensin receptor blockers

Answer 8

Candesartan and losartan

Question 9

What is the 1st line treatment for hypertension?

Answer 9

• If T2DM or under 55 years old then start with ACE inhibitor or ARB.
• If over 55 years old or black-African/Caribbean then start on a CCB.