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Musculoskeletal Kaplan > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of bisphosphonates

A

Structural analog of pyrophosphate that reduces osteoclast activity

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2
Q

Monoclonal antibody against RANKL

A

Denosumab

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3
Q

Mechanism of action of raloxifene

A
  • Bone: estrogen agonist
  • Breast: estrogen antagonist
  • Endometrium: estrogen agonist
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4
Q

Mechanism of action of tamoxifen

A
  • Bone: estrogen agonist

* Breast: estrogen antagonist

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5
Q

Empiric treatment for infectious arthritis

A

Vancomycin and ceftriaxone (S. aureus)

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6
Q

Transcription factor that is inhibited by glucocorticoids

A

NF-kB

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7
Q

Mechanism of action of epoprostenol and iloprost

A

Prostacyclin analogs

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8
Q

Mechanism of action of misoprostol and alprostadil

A

PGE1 analogs

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9
Q

Mechanism of action of dinoprostone

A

PGE2 analog

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10
Q

Mechanism of action of latanaprost and carbaprost

A

PGF2 alpha analogs

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11
Q

Mechanism of action of leflunomide

A

Inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase

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12
Q

Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase blocks synthesis of which molecules

A

Pyrimidines

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13
Q

Adverse effects of bisposphonates

A
  • Esophagitis
  • Osteonecrosis of the jaw
  • Atypical stress fractures
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14
Q

Mechanism of action of gold salts

A

Decrease lysosomal and macrophage functions

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15
Q

Adverse effects of teriparatide

A
  • Increases the risk of osteosarcoma

* Transient hypercalcemia

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16
Q

Etanercept is a drug made of which two proteins

A

Receptor for TNF alpha and IgG1 Fc

17
Q

Actions of glucocorticoids in bone

A
  • Inhibit proliferation and function of osteoblasts

* Increase expression of RANKL and decrease expression of osteoprotegerin

18
Q

Drugs used to treat an acute gout attack

A
  • Colchicine

* NSAIDs

19
Q

Most important side effect of hydroxychloroquine

A

Irreversible retinopathy

Musculoskeletal Kaplan (3 decks)

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