Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psychiatry > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

(86 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What kind of anti-depressant is Venlafaxine?

A

SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Zopiclone is a benzodiazepine-like agent who’s side effects include…

A

metallic taste and headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What kind of anti-depressant is imipramine?

A

tricyclic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do tricyclics cause urinary retention and overflow incontinence?

A

anti-cholinergic effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a life threatening side effect of clozapine?

A

angranulocytosis/ neutropenia

monitor FBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which atypical anti-psychotic has a higher risk of dyslipidemia and obesity?

A

olanzapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 6 atypical antipsychotics.

A 
olanzapine
risperidone
quetiapine
amisulpride
aripiprazole
clozapine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

High WCC in patient taking lithium. Are you worried?

A

No, Lithium can cause benign leucocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which drug can help treat tardive dyskinesia (as SE of anti-psychotics)?

A

Tetrabenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Procyclidine is useful for treatment of what SEs of anti-psychotics?

A

Extra-pyramidal SEs (except tardive dyskinesia)

Acute dystonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which drug is useful to treat akathisia (restlessness) as anti-psychotic SE?

A

propanolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What kind of drugs are anti-psychotics?

A

Dopamine2 receptor antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which types of anti-psychotic tend to cause extra-pyramidal SEs?

A

typical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which anti-psychotic is particularly risky for prolonged QT ?

A

haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What kind of anti-depressant is duloxetine?

A

SNRI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What kind of anti-depressant is mirtazapine?

A

“Noradrenaline and specific serotonergic”

- a TETRACYCLIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug to prescribe for an old person with depression who is also suffering from poor sleep and poor appetite?

A

mirtazapine

helps appetite and sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is first line treatment for delirium tremens?

A

chlordiazepoxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What kind of drug is chlordiazepoxide

A

benzodiazepine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which neurotransmitter do benzodiazepines enhance the effect of?

A

GABA

by increasing the frequency of chloride channels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Give me an example of a sedating antihistamine

A

promethazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Hx of 2 episodes up or down = diagnosis of ___

A

bipolar disorder (just down = depression)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q 
You MUST tell the DVLA if you've got a diagnosis of: 
bipolar disorder
paranoid schizophrenia
psychosis 
psychotic depression 
schizoaffective disorder 
schizophrenia

They might not stop you from driving but they need to know.

A

yes. a.k.a any of the psychoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why is it important to know if someone has been compliant with taking their clozapine?

A

you lose clozapine tolerance within 48hrs

if give again at normal dose then can be fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When an anti-depressant in indicated in child/adolescent, what is the drug of choice?
Fluoxetine
26
What kind of anti-psychotic is chlorpromazine?
typical
27
Describe tardive dyskinesia
abnormal involuntary movements e.g. grimacing, tongue poking or excessive blinking affects patients on typical antipsychotics
28
Which form of amnesia is commonest after ECT?
retrograde amnesia ``` other SEs include: Drowsiness Confusion Headache Nausea Aching muscles ```
29
Does lithium toxicity cause hypo or hyper thyroid?
hypothyroidism
30
A patient on an SSRI is getting agitation, hyperthermia, hyperreflexia, sweating and dilated pupils. What could this be?
serotonin syndrome
31
What are the symptoms of serotonin syndrome?
``` agitation, fluctuating GCS hyperthermia hyperreflexia sweating dilated pupils diarrhoea tachycardia ``` [NEUROMUSCULAR ABNORMALLITY + AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION + ALTERED MENTAL STATE ]
32
What are the monoamines?
serotonin and dopamine
33
Serotonin syndrome is most frequently mixed up with which differential...
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
34
How do you manage serotonin syndrome?
stop the antidepressant supportive care bad - cyproheptadine (5HT antagonist)
35
Antipsychotics are also known as
neuroleptics
36
a rare but potentially life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics ?
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
37
What antipsychotic is particularly bad for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
haloperidol (the typicals)
38
What are 3 key signs of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
lead-pipe muscle rigidity hyperthermia temp >38 autonomic instability
39
What is the treatment for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
stop the drug rapid cooling + antipyretics IV benzos for agitation
40
What's tetrabenazine for?
tardive dyskinesia
41
What's procyclidine for?
EPSEs except tardive dyskinesia
42
What's promethazine for?
sedating antihistamine
43
What's propanolol for?
akithisia (restlessness)
44
Apart from helping sleep and weight gain, why else is mirtazipine often use for old people?
less interactions e.g. can take with warfarin
45
Which antidepressant is best when someone has lots of physical health problems, because it doesnt interact with many drugs?
sertraline
46
What common drugs are a bad common with SSRIs
``` NSAIDs consider gastroprotection (PPI) ```
47
Why are tricyclics not great?
more SEs | DANGEROUS IN OVERDOSE
48
You've started a 27yr old on an anti-depressant at the GP. How soon should you review him?
within 1 week (<30)
49
You've started a 35 yr old on an anti-depressant at the GP. How soon should you review her?
within 2 weeks (>30)
50
You've reviewed your 27 yr old who you started on an anti-depressant a week ago. He is doing okay. When should you arrange subsequent reviews for?
every 2-4wks for the first 3 months
51
What is the step wise drug treatment for depression?
SSRI (trial 2) then Tricyclic then SSRI + triyclic then + adjuvant
52
What is the triad for serotonin syndrome?
``` NEUROMUSCULAR ABNORMALITY (hyperreflexia, tremor) AUTONOMIC DYSFUNCTION (sweating, diarrhoea) ALTERED MENTAL STATE (fluctuating GCS, agitation) ```
53
Someone has neuromuscular abnormality, autonomic dysfunction, altered mental state. What's this?
serotonin syndrome
54
What is appropriate management of MILD depression by GP?
watchful waiting / IAPT
55
What is appropriate management of MODERATE depression by GP?
anti-depressant | ? psych referral
56
Do you use hypnotics in generalised anxiety?
NO
57
Name me some groups of hypotics (x3)
bezos z-drugs melatonin
58
Name me some withdrawal effects of benzos and other hypnotics....
irritability, insomnia, anxiety, seizures!
59
Who can you prescribe melatonin to?
>55s jet lagged ppl <18s with ASD
60
About anxiolytics, NB the first and second line treatments for generalised anxiety disorder are talking therapies. If low-intensity and high-intensity psychological therapies don't work, what drugs?
sertraline (or other SSRI/SNRI) | no? pregabalin
61
You've tried SSRIs and SNRIs for severe generalised anxiety disorder and they haven't worked. What drug might you try next?
pregabalin
62
When is the ONLY time you should use benzos in generalised anxiety disorder?
in short term crises
63
Name me 4 SSRIs
sertraline fluxetine citalopram paroxetine
64
Give me three SEs of tricyclics
sedation cardiac arrhythmias anticholinergic SEs!
65
Give me two SNRIs
venlafaxine | duloxetine
66
3 Ss for SEs of SNRIs?
sexual dysfunction serotonin syndrome suicidality
67
Two SEs of mirtazipine (tetracyclic)
weight gain | sedation
68
What happens if you eat cheese and red wine if you're on MAO inhibitors
hyptertensive crisis
69
Cheese and red wine make you think of
MAO inhibitors, hypertensive crisis
70
Name 3 typical antipsychotics
haloperidol chlorpromazine sulpiride flupentixol
71
Which kinds of antipsychotics cause metabolic syndrome > EPSEs?
atypical | olanzapine worst, aripiprazole best
72
Give me three SEs of clozapine
weight gain hypersalivation agranulocytosis!
73
Name 3 psychological interventions that can be done in primary care.
Counselling Psychoeducation CBT
74
Name 3 psychological interventions that can be done in secondary care or specialist services.
DBT group therapy family therapy
75
Side effects of atomoxetine (ADHD)? (impressed if you know this)
liver dysfunction, suicidality
76
Side effects of methylphenidate? (impressed if you know)
appetite suppression, psychosis
77
Give me two tricyclics.
imipramine | amitryptiline
78
What do SSRIs do to your electrolytes?
HYPONATRAEMIA SSRIs
79
What is the classic 'monamine hypothesis' of how anti-depressants work?
anti-depressants increase the level of serotonin and dopamine available in the brain
80
What is the newer 'neuroplasticity hypothesis' of how anti-depressants work?
they decrease glutamate and increase plasticity in hippocampal neurones ... new ways of thinking! that's why they're best in conjunction with talking therapies
81
How long should I take anti-depressant for doctor?
at least 6 months following remission of symptoms, | reduces risk of relapse
82
Give me some examples of low-intensity psychological interventions for mild depression. (x3)
guided self-help group-based peer support computerized CBT
83
Give me some examples of high-intensity psychological interventions for moderate-severe depression. (x3)
CBT (individual/group) interpersonal therapy MBCT!!! behavioural activation
84
Apart from all the stuff you usually think of, what unusual treatment for depression
transcranial magnetic stimulation
85
cyproheptadine. What is it and when is it used?
5HT antagonist | in serotonin syndrome if rlly bad
86
How do antipsychotics work?
dopamine antagonists | may be about attribution of salience to stimuli

Psychiatry (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions