Pharmacology Introduction

Question 1

Pharmacology is the bridge between _____ and _____.

Answer 1

Physiology and Medicine

Question 2

What options do you have in clinical practice to fix health problems?

Answer 2

1: Do nothing, time will heal
2: Alter diet/husbandry
3: Prescribe medication
4: Procedure - surgical vs. non-surgical
5: Euthanasia

Question 3

What are the therapeutic principles?

Answer 3

1: What am I treating?
2: Is treatment required?
3: Do I need to treat with drugs?
4: How will I monitor?

Question 4

Define drug.

Answer 4

A substance used as a medication or in the preparation of medication.

Question 5

Define pharmacology.

Answer 5

The study of the interactions of drugs with living systems.

Question 6

Define clinical pharmacology.

Answer 6

The application of pharmacology principles to patients.

Question 7

Define comparative pharmacology.

Answer 7

The study of drugs in different species.

Question 8

Define pharmacy.

Answer 8

The science of the preparation of drugs.

Question 9

Define toxicology.

Answer 9

The study of poisons and their treatments.

Question 10

Define veterinary clinical pharmacology.

Answer 10

Clinical pharmacology as applied to veterinary species.

Question 11

Define evidence-based medicine.

Answer 11

Pharmacological principles based on valid, relevant research and clinical data.

Question 12

Define pharmacokinetics.

Answer 12

Describes the disposition or movement of drugs within the body. What the animal does to the drug.

Question 13

Define pharmacodynamics.

Answer 13

Describes the mechanism of action. What the drug does to the animal.

Question 14

What does FDA stand for?

Answer 14

Food and Drug Administration

Question 15

What does DEA stand for?

Answer 15

Drug Enforcement Administration

Question 16

What does USDA stand for?

Answer 16

United States Department of Agriculture

Question 17

What EPA stand for?

Answer 17

Environmental Protection Agency

Question 18

What does VFD stand for?

Answer 18

Veterinary Feed Directive

Question 19

What does FARAD stand for?

Answer 19

Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank

Question 20

The non-proprietary drug name is the _____ name?

Answer 20

Generic

Question 21

What does the Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) of 1994 allow?

Answer 21

It allows veterinarians to prescribe extra-label use

Question 22

Extra-label use in not permitted if _____.

Answer 22

If it results in an illegal food residue, or any residue which may present a risk to public health.

Question 23

What is the FARAD?

Answer 23

A computer system that provides information including withdrawal times of all drugs approved for use in food-producing animals, official tolerances and pharmacokinetic studies

Question 24

What are the categories of drugs?

Answer 24

1: Over-the-counter (OTC)
2: Prescription
3: Biologics
4: Controlled

Question 25

Do OTC drugs require a prescription?

Answer 25

No

Question 26

Who regulates prescription drugs?

Answer 26

The FDA

Question 27

Who regulates biologics?

Answer 27

The USDA

Question 28

For prescription drugs, the FDA _____.

Answer 28

Oversees drug approval and safety.

Question 29

For prescription drugs, the DEA _____.

Answer 29

Monitors use (and misuse) of products with high abuse potential.

Question 30

What does NDC stand for?

Answer 30

National Drug Code.

Question 31

What is a NDC?

Answer 31

A 10 digit number assigned by the DEA that is required on all prescription medications.

Question 32

What does NADA stand for?

Answer 32

New Animal Drug Application Number

Question 33

Who assigns NADA's and what is it for?

Answer 33

The FDA assigns it following drug approval.

Question 34

Who regulate controlled substances?

Answer 34

DEA

Question 35

What is a Class I (C-I) drug?

Answer 35

Highest abuse potential Severe liability No therapeutic agents in the U.S. Examples: Heroin and LSD

Question 36

What is a Class II (C-II) drug?

Answer 36

High abuse potential Severe liability Examples: Morphine, codeine and amphetamine

Question 37

What is a Class III (C-III) drug?

Answer 37

Abuse potential is less than C-I and C-II Moderate liability Examples: Anabolic steroids and buprenorphine

Question 38

What is a Class IV (C-IV) drug?

Answer 38

Abuse potential is less than C-I, C-II and C-III Moderate liability Examples: Butorphanol and diazepam

Question 39

What is a Class V (C-V) drug?

Answer 39

Least abuse potential | Limited liability

Question 40

True or False: Veterinarians must register with the DEA in order to purchase, administer or dispense controlled substances.

Answer 40

True

Question 41

What are compounded medications?

Answer 41

Any drug that has been created by combining or altering ingredients

Question 42

True or False: FDA approved drug can be compounded.

Answer 42

False, only when there is documented shortage can FDA approved drugs be compounded.

Question 43

Who can compound medications?

Answer 43

A veterinarian or pharmacist acting on the orders of a licensed veterinarian.

Question 44

The FDA permits compounding for veterinary patients iff:

Answer 44

1: There is a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship. 2: There is no commercially available animal or human product in the correct dosage form or concentration. 3: Product is safe and effective. 4: Prepared according to all federal and state guidelines pertaining to veterinary medicine and pharmacy practices acts.