Pharmacology of Conscious Sedation Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is pharmokinetics
what the body does the drug
- absorption
- distribution
- metabolism
- excretion
how does the patient recover from sedation
redistribution of the drug from CNS into body fat
uptake and metabolism of the drug by the liver and elimination by the kidneys
what is redistribution
initial recovery from sedation, the alpha half life, time taken for serum concentration to drop by 50%
what is elimination
elimination of the remaining drug, the beta half life, time taken to remove half the drug from the body
what is pharmodynamics
what drug does to the body
- sedation
- analgesia
- anxiolytics
resting membrane potential value
-70mv
stage of neutrons when sedation
hypoerpolarisation
mechanism of laughing gas
not fully understood
enhance the activity of GABA
why diazepams not used for IV sedation
organic solvent caused vein damage
maximum dose for midazolam
10mg
how many mins actute detachment with midazolam
20-30 mins
active metabolite produced by midazolam
alpha-hydroxymidazolam
what is anterograde amnesia
loss of memory following giving the drug
how many hours to remove half of midazolam from body
2 hours
pre-cautions with mizaloam
no analgesia - it doesn’t relieve pain
at injection - laryngeal reflexes dulled
too rapid infection - respiratory depression
overdose - produce respiratory depression
drug interactions with benzodiazepines
opioids
propofol
supplements that cause interaction with benzodiazepines
grapefruit juice
St Johns Wort
side effect of bezodiazepines
respiratory depression
reverse drug required
flumazenil
What does flumazanil do
reverse the sedative, cardiovascular and respiratory effect of midazolam
flumazenil half life
50 minutes
laughing sedation percentage desired level
20-50%
