Pharmacology/Pain Flashcards
B-blocker side effects
Hypotension, bradycardia/heart block, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia, fatigue/trouble sleeping, bronchospasm, sexual dysfunction
How many half lives does it take for a drug to reach steady state
Five (97% of steady state)
What antibiotics can not be given with dairy
Tetracycline, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin - chelated by dairy products
What medicine can you not give with iron
Antacids - it will bind the iron and prevent its absorption
What medications can cause increased phenytoin toxicity
Sulfa drugs - causes phenytoin to unbind and increases its potential toxicity
What medications can lead to increased digoxin levels
Quinidine and amiodarone –> inhibit renal metabolism
Acetazolamide type of medication and side effect
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
- Metabolic acidosis
- Prevents reuptake of bicarbonate in proximal tubule
Furosemide mechanism of action/side effects
- Block absorption of Na and Cl
- Wasting of calcium, potassium, acid
- Can cause hypochloremic hypokalemic alkalosis
- Ototoxicty and renal toxicity side effects
Thiazide diuretic mechanism of action
- Sodium and chloride are lost at the distal tubule
- Contraction alkalosis is side effect (bicarb retention)
Mannitol mechanism of action
- Osmotic diuretic –> osmotic pressure keeps water in the tubules (pulls fluid from IC to EC space with no acid base effect)
Spironolactone mechanism of action
- Potassium sparing, releases sodium
- Can lead to metabolic acidosis
