Pharynx

Question 1

Pharynx (aka _____) is a _____, _____ tube

Answer 1

Throat
Fibromuscular
Hollow

Question 2

It is about ___ — ___ cm in length and broader in the _____ than in the _____ diameter

Answer 2

12-14
Transverse
Anterior-posterior

Question 3

The pharynx is a common channel for both ____ and ____

Answer 3

Deglutition(swallowing)
Respiration

Question 4

Functions of pharynx
_____ which is a group of lymphoid tissue for _____mechanism

Answer 4

Tonsils
Defense

Question 5

The pharynx acts as a _____ for surrounding structures such as ___,____,___

Answer 5

Support
Palate
Auditory tune
Tongue

Question 6

The pharynx begins from behind the _____ to behind the _____ where it because continuous with the ____

Answer 6

Nasal cavity
Larynx
Oesophagus

Question 7

Subdivisions is the pharynx are:

Answer 7

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 8

Nasopharynx is also known as

Answer 8

Epipharynx

Question 9

Oropharynx is also known as

Answer 9

Mesopharynx

Question 10

Laryngopharynx is also known as

Answer 10

Hypopharynx

Question 11

Nasopharynx is the most _____ portion that lies behind the _____

Answer 11

Cephalic
Nasal cavity

Question 12

Nasopharynx forms part of the ______ system

Answer 12

Respiratory

Question 13

The nasopharynx begins at the ______ to the ______

Answer 13

Posterior nasal limit
Pharyngeal isthmus

Question 14

Each lateral wall of the nasopharynx has an opening of the _______
( one can feel this opening using the side of the tongue)

Answer 14

Auditory tube.
(This allows air passage to the middle ear for balancing)

Question 15

The ______ or ______ is a depression behind the opening of the auditory tube. It contains ____ aka ____

Answer 15

Pharyngeal recess or fossa of Rosenmüller
Retropharyngeal lymph node aka Node of Rouvier

Question 16

The oropharynx lies behind the ____

Answer 16

Oral cavity

Question 17

It begins at the _____ to the _____ border of the _____

Answer 17

Isthmus
superior
Epiglottis

Question 18

The oropharynx forms part of the ______ and _____ system

Answer 18

Digestive
Respiratory

Question 19

The laryngopharynx is the _____ part of the pharynx

Answer 19

Caudal

Question 20

The laryngopharynx begins from the _____ border of the ____ and ends at the _____ border of the ______

Answer 20

Superior
Epiglottis
Inferior
Cricoid cartilage

Question 21

Laryngopharynx has both respiratory and digestive function.
True/False

Answer 21

False
Laryngopharynx has only digestive functions.

Question 22

The pharynx consists of _____ layers of structures from within to outward namely:

Answer 22

Four
Mucous membrane
Fibrous coat
Muscular coat
Fasciae coat(buccopharyngeal fascia)

Question 23

The pharyngeal mucus membrane is the most ____ compartment lined with _____

Answer 23

Internal
Epithelium

Question 24

NOTE: Regions of the pharynx are lined with continuous epithelium lining of neighboring structure.
Nasopharynx&raquo_space;>
Orophraynx»>
Laryngopharynx&raquo_space;»

Answer 24

Psuedostratufied columnar epithelium
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 25

Why does the oropharynx and laryngopharynx have non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Answer 25

Because those areas are subject to frequent wear and tear

Question 26

Pharyngeal muscles are group of muscles that form the ____ of the pharynx and are located ____ to the pharyngeal fascia

Answer 26

Bulk Deep

Question 27

Three functions of the pharyngeal muscles:

Answer 27

Determining the shape of the pharynx Contracts to propel food Maintain cavity for air passage

Question 28

The pharyngeal muscles are arranged in two layers namely:

Answer 28

Outer circular layer Inner longitudinal layer

Question 29

The outer circular layer is made of:

Answer 29

Inferior constrictor muscle Middle constrictor muscle Superior constrictor muscle

Question 30

The inner longitudinal layer consists:

Answer 30

Stylopharyngeus muscle Salpingopharyngeus muscle Palatopharyngeus muscle

Question 31

The outer circular layer has the function of:

Answer 31

Constricting the lumen and propelling food into the oesophagus

Question 32

Inferior constrictor muscle is the ______ of the three constrictor muscles. It arises from ___ areas and the fibers spread ______ and ______ to be inserted into the fibrous ______ in the _______ line of the pharynx

Answer 32

Thickest Two( it has two origins) Backward and medial-ward Pharyngeal Raphe Posterior median line of the pharynx

Question 33

The first origin is from the _______ and is known as the ______ The second origin arises from the _________ and is known as the ______

Answer 33

Thyroid cartilage - thyropharyngeal part Cricoid cartilage- cricopharyngeal part

Question 34

The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a ____ shaped muscle. It arises from the whole length of the ____ border of the _____ and _____ border of the _____. It inserts into the ______ blending in the middle line with its same on the opposite side.

Answer 34

Fan Upper; greater Cornu of the hyoid bone Lower border of the lesser cornu Posterior median fibrous raphe

Question 35

Explain the course of upper,middle and lower fibres of the fan shaped middle constrictor muscle

Answer 35

The fibers diverge from their origin: the lower ones descend beneath the inferior constrictor, the middle fibres pass transversely and the upper fibres ascend and overlap the superior constrictor.

Question 36

The superior constructor muscle is the _____ located muscle of the three pharyngeal muscles. It is a ______ muscle

Answer 36

Highest Quadrilateral

Question 37

The superior constrictor is divided into four parts based on its origin. The fibres curve ____ to be inserted into the ______ of the pharynx.

Answer 37

Pterygopharyngeal part Buccopharyngeal part Glossopharyngeal part Mylopharyngeal part Backwards Median raphe

Question 38

Pterygopharyngeal part> Buccopharyngeal part> Glossopharyngeal part> Mylopharyngeal part>

Answer 38

•from the lower border of the posterior margin of the medial Pterygoid plate (sphenoid bone process or medial limb) • from the pterygomandibular raphe(ligamentous band of the buccopharyngeal fascia) •a few fibres from the posterior side of the tongue •from alveolar process of the mandible

Question 39

The inner longitudinal layer acts to? Name all 3 muscles in this category:

Answer 39

Shorten the pharynx during swallowing Stylopharyngeus Palatopharyngeus Salpingopharyngeus

Question 40

Stylopharyngeus muscle extends form the ______ of _____. It is a ____,____ muscle that is ___ above and ___below

Answer 40

Styloid process of temporal bone Long, slender Cylindrical above Flattened below

Question 41

Palatopharyngeus muscle extends from the ____ in the _____ to blend with the pharynx. It is ___,____ fasciculus , narrower in the _____ than at _____

Answer 41

Palate Roof of the mouth Long,fleshy Middle Either end

Question 42

The salpingopharyngeus muscle arises from the _____/______ in the nasal cavity then passes downward to blend with the fibers of the _________

Answer 42

Eustachian tube or pharyngotymoanic tube Palatopharyngeus muscle

Question 43

The pharynx is supplied by the ________

Answer 43

Ascending Pharyngeal Artery( external carotid artery> common carotid artery> arch of aorta)

Question 44

Most of the sensory and motor supply is by ______ and ______ nerves respectively

Answer 44

Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve