Phase 1: Block 2 - First Aid

Question 0

What are the eight main categories of First Aid?

Answer 0

Bleeding, Burns, Fractures, Electric Shock, Obstructed Airways, Heat Related Injuries, Cold Related Injuries and Shock.

Question 1

What are the three objectives of First Aid?

Answer 1

To prevent further injury, infection and loss of life.

Question 2

What are the four methods used to control bleeding?

Answer 2

Direct Pressure, Elevation, Pressure Points and a Tourniquet.

Question 3

Which of the four bleeding control methods is used only as a last resort?

Answer 3

A Tourniquet.

Question 4

What is a Pressure Point?

Answer 4

A point on the body where a main artery lies near the skin surface and over a bone.

Question 5

How can blood flow to different parts of the body be reduced or stopped?

Answer 5

By applying pressure with the fingers or heel of the hand to various pressure points.

Question 6

How many Principle Pressure Points exist on each side of the body?

Answer 6

Eleven

Question 7

Where on each side of the body are each of the Principle Pressure Points located?

Answer 7

Temple, jaw, neck, collar bone, inner upper arm, inner elbow, wrist, upper thigh, groin, knee and ankle.

Question 8

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Temple?

Answer 8

Superficial Temporal Artery

Question 9

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the jaw?

Answer 9

Facial Artery

Question 10

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the neck?

Answer 10

Common Carotid Artery

Question 11

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Collar Bone?

Answer 11

Subclavian Artery

Question 12

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Inner Upper Arm/ Inner Elbow?

Answer 12

Brachial Artery

Question 13

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Wrist?

Answer 13

Radial/Ulnar Artery

Question 14

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Upper Thigh?

Answer 14

Femoral Artery

Question 15

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Groin?

Answer 15

Iliac Artery

Question 16

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Knee?

Answer 16

Popliteal Artery

Question 17

What is the name of the Pressure Point located in the Ankle?

Answer 17

Anterior/Posterior Tibial Artery

Question 18

What are the 3 classifications of Burns?

Answer 18

First, Second and Third degree.

Question 19

Describe a first degree burn.

Answer 19

Produces redness, warmth and mild pain.

Question 20

Describe a second degree burn.

Answer 20

Causes red, blistered skin and severe pain.

Question 21

Describe a third degree burn.

Answer 21

Destroys tissue, skin and in severe cases bone. Pain may be absent due to destroyed nerve endings.

Question 22

What are the two types of fractures?

Answer 22

Closed/ Simple and Open/ Compound.

Question 23

Describe a Closed/ Simple fracture.

Answer 23

Broken bone without a break in the skin.

Question 24

Describe an Open/ Compound fracture.

Answer 24

Broken bone with a break in the skin and possible bone protrusion.

Question 25

When does electric shock occur?

Answer 25

When a person comes into contact with an electric energy source.

Question 26

What range of injuries can result from electric shock?

Answer 26

Little or no injury to severe trauma and associated cardiac arrest.

Question 27

What two variables dictate the various causes of airway obstruction.

Answer 27

Age and situation.

Question 28

What are the indications of airway obstruction?

Answer 28

Inability to speak, grasping and pointing to the throat, exaggerated breathing efforts and skin turning a bluish color.

Question 29

What are the two types of heat related injuries?

Answer 29

Heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Question 30

What can Heat Exhaustion cause?

Answer 30

A serious disturbance of blood flow to the brian, heart and lungs.

Question 31

What are the symptoms of heat exhaustion?

Answer 31

Cool, moist, clammy skin, dilated pupils, normal to high body temperature and profuse sweating.

Question 32

What is Heat Stroke?

Answer 32

A condition caused by a breakdown of the body's sweating mechanism. Preventing the elimination of excessive body heat build up.

Question 33

What are the symptoms of a Heat Stroke?

Answer 33

Hot and/ or dry skin, uneven pupil dilation and a weak rapid pulse.

Question 34

What are the three types of cold weather injuries?

Answer 34

Hypothermia, Superficial and Deep Frostbite.

Question 35

What is Hypothermia?

Answer 35

A general cooling of the whole body caused by exposure to low or rapidly falling temperatures, cold moisture, snow or ice.

Question 36

What are the symptoms of Hypothermia?

Answer 36

The victim may appear pale and unconscious, possibly even mistaken as dead. Breathing will be slow and shallow, pulse faint or even undetectable. Body tissues will also feel semi-rigid, and the arms and legs stiff.

Question 37

What is Superficial Frostbite?

Answer 37

When ice crystals form in the the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.

Question 38

What is Deep Frostbite?

Answer 38

When ice crystals form in deeper tissues after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.

Question 39

What is shock?

Answer 39

A life threatening medical condition ware by the body suffers from insufficient blood flow throughout the body as a result of severe injury or illness.

Question 40

What are the different types of shock?

Answer 40

Septic, Anaphylactic, Cardiogenic, Hypovolemic and Neurogenic Shock.

Question 41

What causes Septic Shock?

Answer 41

Bacteria multiplying in the blood and releasing toxins. Ex: Pneumonia, intra-abdominal infection (ruptured appendix) and Meningitis.

Question 42

What causes Anaphylactic Shock?

Answer 42

Severe hypersensitivity or an allergic reaction. Ex. Allergy/ reaction to insect stings, medications or foods (nuts, berries, seafood) ect.

Question 43

What causes Cardiogenic Shock?

Answer 43

Damage to the heart. Making it unable to supply enough blood to the body. Ex. A heart attack or congestive heart failure.

Question 44

What causes Hypovolemic Shock?

Answer 44

Severe blood and fluid loss. Making the heart unable to supply enough blood to the body. Ex: Traumatic bodily injury.

Question 45

What causes Neurogenic Shock?

Answer 45

Spinal Cord injury. Ex: Traumatic accident or injury.