Phases of Attachment

Question 1

First Phase

Answer 1

• 0-3 months
• undiscriminating social response
• primitive (sucking, grasping)
• orienting (visual fixation, tracking, listening)
• signaling (smiling, crying)

Question 2

Second Phase

Answer 2

3-7 months

• discriminating social responsiveness
• discriminates initially between close figures (mom and dad), later with distant figures (i.e. grandparents)

Question 3

Third Phase

Answer 3

• 7months-3 years

- voluntary movements are used to attach (i.e. clinging and more discriminatory to persons)

Question 4

Fourth Phase

Answer 4

• 3 years
• goal directed partnership
• child attempts to alter mother’s set goal to fit better with his/her own goals in regard to contact, proximity, and interaction provided mother doesn’t dissemble her set goals
• child is gaining a sense of independence

Question 5

Bowlby Attachment Theory (secure attachment)

Answer 5

• basic trust

- confidence that help seeking signals will be responded to

Question 6

Bowlby Attachment Theory (insecure attachment)

Answer 6

• avoidant
• resistant
• disorganized
• repeated separations and threats of abandonment affect attachment

Question 7

Attachment - Winnicott (transitional object)

Answer 7

• can be concrete object or a song, rhyme, babbling
• the transitional object allows child to combine the external reality and the internal world in an intermediate area
• mode of self-soothing
• part of normal development
• defense against anxiety