phases of meiosis

Question 1

What is mitosis?

Answer 1

Mitosis is the process by which most cells in the body divide, involves a single round of cell division, and produces two identical, diploid daughter cells.

Question 2

What is meiosis?

Answer 2

Meiosis is the process by which gametes are produced. It involves two rounds of cell division and produces four non-identical haploid daughter cells.

Question 3

How many cell divisions occur in mitosis?

Answer 3

One cell division

Question 4

How many daughter cells does mitosis produce?

Answer 4

Produces two daughter cells

Question 5

What type of cells does mitosis produce?

Answer 5

Produces diploid cells

Question 6

Are daughter cells in mitosis genetically identical or non-identical?

Answer 6

Daughter cells are genetically identical

Question 7

What type of cells does mitosis produce?

Answer 7

Produces body cells

Question 8

Does crossing-over occur during mitosis?

Answer 8

No crossing-over occurs

Question 9

Do homologous chromosomes pair up during mitosis?

Answer 9

Homologous chromosomes do not pair up

Question 10

How many cell divisions occur in meiosis?

Answer 10

Two cell divisions

Question 11

How many daughter cells does meiosis produce?

Answer 11

Produces four daughter cells

Question 12

What type of cells does meiosis produce?

Answer 12

Produces haploid cells

Question 13

Are daughter cells in meiosis genetically identical or non-identical?

Answer 13

Daughter cells are non-identical

Question 14

What type of cells does meiosis produce?

Answer 14

Produces sex cells

Question 15

Does crossing-over occur during meiosis?

Answer 15

Crossing-over occurs

Question 16

Do homologous chromosomes pair up during meiosis?

Answer 16

Homologous chromosomes do not pair up

Question 17

What is the first phase of mitosis?

Answer 17

Prophase

Prophase involves the condensation of chromosomes and the disappearance of the nucleolus.

Question 18

What happens to the nucleolus during prophase?

Answer 18

It disappears

The nucleolus is the part of the nucleus where ribosomes are made.

Question 19

What begins to form during prophase?

Answer 19

The mitotic spindle

The mitotic spindle is a cell structure made of microtubules.

Question 20

What occurs during prometaphase?

Answer 20

The nuclear membrane breaks down

Microtubules attach to chromosomes and start moving them.

Question 21

What is the metaphase plate?

Answer 21

A line of chromosomes lined up in the middle of the cell

This alignment occurs during metaphase.

Question 22

What happens during anaphase?

Answer 22

Chromosomes are pulled apart into sister chromatids

Each sister chromatid is pulled to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 23

What occurs when sister chromatids arrive at opposite ends of the cell?

Answer 23

A new nuclear membrane begins to form

This process is part of telophase.

Question 24

What happens to the chromosomes during telophase?

Answer 24

They decondense

Chromosomes become no longer visible under a light microscope.

Question 25

What reappears during telophase?

Answer 25

The nucleolus ## Footnote The mitotic spindle also disappears during this phase.

Question 26

What is the final process of cell division called?

Answer 26

Cytokinesis ## Footnote Cytokinesis usually takes place during telophase.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: During anaphase, each chromosome is separated into two genetically identical _______.

Answer 27

sister chromatids

Question 28

True or False: The mitotic spindle is formed during telophase.

Answer 28

False ## Footnote The mitotic spindle forms during prophase and disappears during telophase.

Question 29

What takes place before meiosis I begins?

Answer 29

The cell’s DNA is replicated during the interphase of the cell cycle. ## Footnote Interphase occurs before cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell has the necessary genetic material.

Question 30

What occurs during prophase I of meiosis?

Answer 30

Chromosomes condense, form homologous pairs, and undergo crossing over. ## Footnote Crossing over is a process where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, enhancing genetic diversity.

Question 31

What happens to the nuclear envelope during prometaphase I?

Answer 31

The nuclear envelope breaks down. ## Footnote This breakdown allows microtubules to attach to the chromosomes for further movement.

Question 32

Where do homologous chromosome pairs line up during metaphase I?

Answer 32

Along the metaphase plate in the middle of the cell. ## Footnote This alignment is crucial for the proper segregation of chromosomes.

Question 33

What is independent segregation in anaphase I?

Answer 33

Homologous pairs are separated and pulled to opposite ends at random. ## Footnote This process increases genetic diversity among daughter cells.

Question 34

What is the result of telophase I?

Answer 34

The chromosomes arrive at opposite ends and the cytoplasm is split by cytokinesis. ## Footnote This concludes the first round of cell division in meiosis.

Question 35

How does meiosis II compare to mitosis?

Answer 35

Meiosis II is similar to mitosis but involves two haploid cells instead of one diploid cell. ## Footnote This distinction is important for the formation of gametes.

Question 36

What occurs during prophase II?

Answer 36

The chromosomes condense. ## Footnote This prepares the chromosomes for alignment and separation in the subsequent stages.

Question 37

What happens to the nuclear envelopes during prometaphase II?

Answer 37

The nuclear envelopes are broken down. ## Footnote This allows for the attachment of microtubules to facilitate chromosome movement.

Question 38

Where do chromosomes line up during metaphase II?

Answer 38

Along the metaphase plates. ## Footnote Similar to metaphase I, this alignment is crucial for proper chromosome separation.

Question 39

What happens during anaphase II?

Answer 39

The non-identical sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite ends of the cells. ## Footnote This separation is vital for producing genetically diverse daughter cells.

Question 40

What is the outcome of telophase II?

Answer 40

Four non-identical, haploid daughter cells are produced through cytokinesis. ## Footnote This final step concludes meiosis and results in gametes.