PHEC - Op Spectrum, Mass Casualty and Triage Flashcards
(20 cards)
Describe the Operational Spectrum
ODP – Operations During Peace
OOTW- Operations Other Than War
War
Definition of a Hazard
‘Something that has the potential to cause harm.’
Hazard Spectrum
Hazard Spectrum
Trauma + Burns, Medical + Toxicology, Environmental
Types of Hazards
Physical injury, Fire, Enemy fire, IED/VIED, Suicide bomber
Toxic fumes, Cross infection, CBRN attack
Climate, Forest fires, Floods
Describe the Framework for Military Acute Care Scene Management - CSCATTT
Command and control
Safety
Communication
Assessment / Extrication
Triage
Treatment
Transport
(Scene safety is key to prevent other casualties)
Casualty Management
METHANE
M – My C/S (call sign), Major Incident Standby or Declared
E – Exact location
T – Type of incident
H – Hazards (present or potential)
A – Access (route in / route out)
N – Number & severity of casualties
E – Emergency Services present or required, Fire, Police, REME, EOD.
MOD Reports in Mass Casualty
MOD Reports - METHANE and 9 Liner – Casevac / Medevac report – medics would complete serials 3, 4 and 5
Definition of Triage:
The assignment of treatment and evacuation priorities to the wounded and sick at each echelon of medical care
Describe the Triage priorities
Priority 1 (T1)
Immediate treatment – Colour Code Red
Priority 2 (T2)
Urgent treatment – Colour Code Yellow
Priority 3 (T3)
Delayed treatment – Colour Code Green
Priority 1 Hold (T4)
Expectant treatment
Dead
T1
Priority 1 (T1)
Immediate treatment – Colour Code Red
Those needing immediate life-saving resuscitation and/or surgery:
Airway obstruction
Accessible haemorrhage
Non-accessible haemorrhage
T2
Priority 2 (T2)
Urgent treatment – Colour Code Yellow
Those needing early resuscitation and/or surgery:
Open fractures of long bones
Large joint dislocations
T3
Priority 3 (T3)
Delayed treatment – Colour Code Green
Those who require treatment but where a longer delay is acceptable:
Minor lacerations
Uncomplicated fractures
P4
Priority 1 Hold (T4)
Expectant treatment
Those with serious multiple injuries needing extensive treatment or with poor chance of survival:
Severe head injuries
Extensive burns – full body burn
No pulse / non-breathing
Describe the Triage Sieve
A quick initial triage assessment of patients
Describe the Triage Sort
A more detailed process for sorting injured people into groups based on their need for or likely benefit from immediate medical treatment. This is achieved by using a numerical scale from 0 – 12 based on RR, Systolic BP and GCS
Mass Casualty Situation Definition
When the number of live casualties temporarily overwhelms the available medical and logistical capabilities.
Types of Command in a Mass Casualty Situation
Incidents whether they involve military or civilian agencies will have a chain of command (CoC).
Gold Command (Strategic)
Silver Command (Tactical)
Bronze Command (Operational)
Gold Command
Gold Command (Strategic)
Gold Commander - assumes overall command and has ultimate responsibility and accountability for the response to an incident.
Won’t be based at the incident but in a control room or strategic HQ supporting the incident as well as other operations within the AOR.
Silver Command
Silver Command (Tactical)
Silver Command – responsible for command and control of the response within the Silver cordon. Co-ordinates assets and resources in support of the medical response. Liaises with strategic (Gold) Commander
Silver Medical Command (SMC) – Responsible for command and control of all medical assets at the scene. Coordinates triage, treatment and transport of casualties to definitive medical care.
Bronze Command
Bronze Command (Operational)
Bronze Commander – Responsible for command and control within the bronze cordon. Liaises with the Bronze medical Commander and directly with the Silver Commander.
Bronze Medical Commander – Responsible for command and control of all medical assets within the Bronze cordon. Liaises with the Bronze Commander and Silver Medical Commander.
