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PHILOSOPHY-2 Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

it is the general term commonly used to refer to the entire human race. Other
related terms, humanity, mankind, and humankind.

A

MAN

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2
Q

HUMAN refers to man as species

A

HUMAN

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3
Q

Is the personality of a human being so called “SELF

A

Person

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4
Q

defines as the nature of humans especially the fundamental
characters and traits of humans.

A

HUMAN NATURE

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5
Q
  • refers to the person having a clear perception of oneself,
    including his thoughts, emotions, identity and actions
A

SELF WARENESS

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6
Q
  • refers to the capability of persons to make choices and
    decisions based on their own preferences, monitor and regulate their actions, and be goaloriental and self-directed.
A

Self determination

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7
Q

is the result or effect of an action or condition. Philosophers
believe that a person acts freely and with due regard for the consequences

A

CONSEQUENCES

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8
Q

refers to the capability of a person to reach out and interact with
others and the world.

A

EXTERNALITY

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9
Q
  • refers to the innate right to be valued and respected. Philosophers
    consider all humans as having an inherent worth or value. “You’re worthless!” is an insult
    since it attacks the very notion of a person having value or worth
A

DIGNITY

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10
Q

-human persons are naturally deficient beings.
This means that we are not prepared with the best physical aspects among all the beings

A

Limitations of the Human Person

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11
Q

is the ability to change, be dynamic, and continually redefining
one’s self which works with our facticity to create change.

A

Transcendence

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12
Q
  • refers to the things in our life that are already given
A

Facticity

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13
Q

-temporal being. As temporal beings, our most obvious limitation is our finitude
- our finite quality or state.

A

Spatial

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14
Q
  • intermediary means acting as a mediator (MerriamWebster). Having a body may prevent us from revealing what we really want to express.
A

The Body as Intermediary

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15
Q

Trans, meaning

A

“go beyond

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16
Q

scandare, meaning

A

“climb”

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17
Q
  • mental and emotional disorders (e.g. anxiety, intellectual disability)
  • disabilities (e.g. amputated leg, deafness) - disease and illnesses (e.g. hypertension,
    cough)
  • failures and experiences (e.g. failing a su
A

BODILY LIMITATIONS

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18
Q
    • socioeconomic status
    • location of neighborhood (e.g. armed, disorganized, or violent neighborhood)
    • abusive relationships (e.g. emotional abuse)
    • negative influences (e.g. drug use)
A

SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL LIMITATIONS

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19
Q

Environmental philosophy
- is the discipline that studies the moral relationships of human beings with the
environment and its non-human contents.

A
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20
Q
  • a
    change from mythical explanation of the origins of the cosmos to a more rational
    explanation
A

a paradigm shift

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21
Q

-based on the anthropocentric model, humans are superior and central to the
universe, thus, it is human centered

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A

Anthropocentric Model

22
Q

-it is the ecological or relational integrity of the humans that provides meaning of
our morals and values and it is nature centered. Devoted to preserving the totality of
Earth’s biodiversity and the functioning of its life –supporting system.

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A

Ecocentric Model

23
Q

-the ecological or relational integrity of the humans provides meaning of our morals
and values and it is nature centered. Devoted to preserving the totality of Earth’s
biodiversity and the functioning of its life supporting system

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A

Ecocentric Model

24
Q

a pre-Socratic philosopher and scientist
said about the Creation-Destruction.

25
‘universe is a living embodiment of nature’s order, harmony and beauty.
Pythagoras,
26
( love of other living tings)
Biophilia
27
(love of other living beings)
cosmophilia
28
The two ancient thinkers
Anicimander Pythagoras
29
, beauty is ultimately a symbol of morality (goodness).
Immanuel Kant
30
said about the power of humans over nature, while George Herbert Mead tackled about our duties and responsibilities
Herbert Marcuse
31
Two modern thinkers
Immanuel Kant Herbert marcuse
32
Believes that the living environment should be respected and regarded as having rights to flourish, independent of its utility to humans.
DEEP ECOLOGY
33
philosophy developed by Norwegian philosopher _________ in the early 1970’s asserting that all life forms have an equal right to exist, and human needs and desires have no priority over those of other organism.
Arne naes
34
it is a critical social theory founded by American anarchist and libertarian socialist author Murray Bookchin. Conceptualized as a critique of current social, political, and anti-ecological trends, it espouses a reconstructive, ecological, communitarian, and ethical approach to society.
Social Ecology
35
American anarchist and libertarian socialist authot_______ Conceptualized as a critique of current social, political, and anti-ecological trends, it espouses a reconstructive, ecological, communitarian, and ethical approach to society.
Murray Bookchin.
36
– it is also called ecological feminism, branch of feminism that examines the connections between women and nature. It name was coined by French feminist Francoise d’Eaubonne in 1974.
ECOFEMINISM
37
ECOFEMINISN name was coined by_____in 1974.
French feminist Francoise d’Eaubonne
38
-is the ability to make choices and perform those choices. -the ability to be what we want and to decide and create oneself. -also known as “liberty” -a social and political concept which has great significance in how people participate in society.
FREEDOM
39
When was the concept of freedom emerged as an important philosophical issue?
-During the 18th-century in Europe -Period of the Age of Enlightenment -Intellectuals pondered on the origins of society and the state and the nature of human freedom.
40
Freedom is generally defined as having the ability to act or change without constraint. Someone or something is “free” if he/it can do or change anything effortlessly and responsibly.
1. FREEDOM ITSELF
41
-it refers to the absence of any physical restraint. The person has the freedom of mobility to go where he or she wants to go.
SICAL FREEDOM
42
-it refers to using freedom in a manner that upholds human dignity and goodness. Freedom is not an object that a person may use in whatever way he or she pleases.
3. MORAL FREEDOM
43
-free from oppression, compulsion, or coercion from other persons, an authority figure, or from society itself.
POLITICAL FREEDOM
44
- it refers to a person taking control of his or her own life and fulfilling one’s potential.
1. POSITIVE LIBERTY
45
- freedom from external restraint, barriers, and other interferences from other people
2. NEGATIVE LIBERTY
46
- upholds the preservation of individual rights and stresses the role of the government in protecting these civil liberties.
1. LIBERALISM
47
believes that the individual, not the government, is the best judge in upholding and exercising rights.
LIBERTARIANISM-
48
considers freedom as the freedom to acquire economic resources and the ability to work and act according to one’s desires.
SOCIALISM-
49
-It is the ability of a person to act of his or her own free will and self-determination. A person may decide to do things or not to do it according to his own free will. It also means that even though she/he is not required to do such things he/she could still do it or take action on it.
VOLUNTARINESS
50
-Responsibility refers to the person being accountable for his or her action and their consequences.
RESPONSIBILITY
51
is the ability to govern and discipline oneself with the use of reason; it is having caution and giving good judgments in making decisions.
*Prudence
52
allows each person to analyze his life both in small and big details in terms of the decisions, actions and choices he make
Self-reflection

Oral Communication (3 decks)

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