PHLEB: Categories of additives

Question 1

Categories of additives used in blood collection

Answer 1

1. Antiglycolytic agent
2. Anticoagulant agent
3. Clot activator
4. Thixotropic Gel Separator
5. Trace Element-Free Tubes

Question 2

Inhibits the use of glucose by blood cells

Answer 2

Antiglycolytic Agent

Question 3

Source of energy for RBC

Answer 3

Glucose

Question 4

Example of Antiglycolytic agent

Answer 4

Sodium Fluoride (Grey Top Tube)

Question 5

Prevents blood form clotting

Answer 5

Anticoagulant agent

Question 6

Example of Anticoagulant Agents

Answer 6

1. EDTA
2. Sodium Citrate
3. Potassium Oxalate Monohydrate
4. Heparin

Question 7

prevents clotting through chelation

Answer 7

Potassium Oxalate Monohydrate (Grey Top Tube)

Question 8

Prevents clotting by forming insoluble salts

Answer 8

EDTA (Lavender Top Tube)
Sodium Citrate (Light Blue & Black Top Tube)

Question 9

Prevents clotting by preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin

Answer 9

Heparin (Green/Light Green Top Tube)

Question 10

Helps initiate or enhance the clotting mechanism.

Answer 10

Clot Activator

Question 11

Examples of Clot Activators

Answer 11

1. glass (silica)
2. inert clays (celite)

Question 12

Where is clot activator found?

Answer 12

Red Top Tube
Yellow Top Tube

Question 13

Inert material that undergoes a temporary change in viscosity during the centrifugation process which enables it to serve as a separation barrier between the liquid (serum and plasma) and cells.

Answer 13

Thixotropic Gel Separator

Question 14

Purpose for gel separators

Answer 14

Some tests require that the serum is free from even minute amounts RBCs

Question 15

The barrier in thixotropic gel separators

Answer 15

Gel Matrix

Question 16

2 types of gel separators

Answer 16

1. Serum Separator Tube (SST)
2. Plasma Separator Tube (PST)

Question 17

Where can gel separators be found

Answer 17

Yellow Top Tube

Question 18

Made of materials that are free of trace element contamination

Answer 18

Trace-Element Free Tubes

Question 19

Purpose of Trace Element-Free Tubes

Answer 19

1. Trace element tests
2. Toxicology Studies
3. Nutrient Determination

Question 20

Examples of Trace Element-Free Tubes

Answer 20

Royal-Blue Stoppers

Question 21

Special-Use Anticoagulants

Answer 21

1. Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD)
2. Citrate Phosphate Dextrose (CPD)
3. Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)

Question 22

Components of ACD that:
a) prevents coagulation binding calcium
b) preserves the viability of RBCs

Answer 22

a) aid citrate
b) dextrose

Question 23

Uses for ACD

Answer 23

1. DNA testing
2. human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping

Question 24

Lab sections that use ACD

Answer 24

1. blood banking
2. immunohematology

Question 25

Where is ACD found

Answer 25

Yellow Top Tubes

Question 26

Components of CPD that: a) prevents clotting by chelating calcium b) stabilizes blood pH level c) provides cells with energy

Answer 26

a) citrate b) phosphate c) dextrose

Question 27

Lab Sections that use CPD

Answer 27

1. blood banking 2. immnuohematology

Question 28

special-use anticoagulant that prevents coagulation by binding calcium \used for blood culture collection

Answer 28

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate

Question 29

Functions of SPS

Answer 29

1. Prevents coagulation by binding Calcium 2. Reduces bactericidal activity 3. It prevents phagocytosis 4. Inactivates activity of certain antibiotics

Question 30

Content of blood culture bottle

Answer 30

1. broth (source of food for bacteria) 2. SPS (anticoagulant)