PHLEBOTOMY

Question 1

collection of minute sample of blood through capillary puncture

Answer 1

microsampling

Question 2

depth of puncture for infants up to 1 year of age

Answer 2

2.4 mm

Question 3

puncture site for infants up to 1 year of age

Answer 3

• plantar surface of the big toe
• median or lateral side of the heel

Question 4

depth of puncture for adults

Answer 4

3.1 mm

Question 5

puncture site for adults

Answer 5

• Middle or ring finger
• Puncture must be slightly off-center, perpendicular to the fingerprint
• Margin of the earlobe

Question 6

collection of a greater volume of blood from the veins or arteries

Answer 6

macrosampling

Question 7

Collection of arterial blood for blood gas analysis or blood pH determination

Answer 7

arterial puncture

Question 8

common sites for arterial puncture

Answer 8

• radial artery
• brachial artery
• femoral artery

Question 9

• Collection of venous blood
• Most frequent site: Antecubital vein of the forearm

Answer 9

venipuncture

Question 10

venipuncture site for infants up to 18 months

Answer 10

• external jugular vein
• superior longitudinal sinus
• temporal vein

Question 11

venipuncture sites for 18 months to 3 years

Answer 11

• popliteal vein
• femoral vein
• long saphenous vein
• ankle vein

Question 12

venipuncture sites for 3 years to adulthood

Answer 12

• veins on the antecubital fossa
• wrist vein
• veins on the dorsal of hands and feet

Question 13

methods of performing venipuncture

Answer 13

• open system
• closed system

Question 14

– use of syringes
- The hub of the needle is color-coded, corresponding to its gauge

Answer 14

open system

Question 15

The lower the gauge, the bigger the bore of the needle

Answer 15

open system

Question 16

use of an evacuated system (evacuated tube, two-way needle and adapter)
- Evacuated tubes are equipped with a hemogard (color-coded in accordance to the additive
present)
- Multiple sampling can be carried out

Answer 16

closed system

Question 17

liquid portion of clotted blood

Answer 17

serum

Question 18

liquid portion of anti-coagulated blood

Answer 18

plasma

Question 19

: preparation involves the removal of proteins from any biological
specimen to prevent direct colorimetric interference by the formation of zwitterions at isoelectric pH where
proteins exhibit maximum precipitation and minimum solubility

Answer 19

protein - free filtrate

Question 20

: preparation involves the removal of proteins from any biological
specimen to prevent direct colorimetric interference by the formation of ____________ at isoelectric pH where
proteins exhibit maximum precipitation and minimum solubility

Answer 20

zwitterions

Question 21

: preparation involves the removal of proteins from any biological
specimen to prevent direct colorimetric interference by the formation of zwitterions at ____________ where
proteins exhibit maximum precipitation and minimum solubility

Answer 21

isoelectric point

Question 22

methods of PFF preparation

Answer 22

a. physical method
b. chemical method

Question 23

what are the physical methods of PFF preparation?

Answer 23

1. heat
2. ultracentrifuge

Question 24

acid method in the ppf preparation

Answer 24

1. Folin - Wu
2. Hayden’s method
3. Van Slyke
4. TCA (Tricarboxylic acid cycle)

Question 25

base method in the PFF method

Answer 25

• Nelson-Somogyi

Question 26

contamination of specimen

Answer 26

❖ residual detergent in tubes
❖ Plasticizers in IV tubing and tube stoppers
❖ Cork stoppers & glass tubes
❖ Lead analysis: use lead-free, acid-washed containers

Question 27

rate of glycolysis at ref temp

Answer 27

2mg/dL

Question 28

rate of glycolysis at room temp

Answer 28

7mg/dL

Question 29

what specimens can be centrifuged?

Answer 29

lipemic

Question 30

NPO meaning

Answer 30

nothing by mouth

Question 31

how many hours of fasting is needed for glucose determination

Answer 31

6-8 hours

Question 32

how many hours of fasting is needed for

Answer 32

10 - 12 hours

Question 33

what test should be done to determine wether the ulnar artery can provide collateral circulation to the hand after the radial artery puncture

Answer 33

modified Allen test