Phlebotomy II

Question 1

After centrifuging blood, where will red cells be found in the used test tube?

Answer 1

After centrifuging blood, red cells will be found at the bottom of the test tube.

Question 2

What is a type of container that blood can be centrifuged in?

Answer 2

A tube, bottle, or bag.

Question 3

Define sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)

Answer 3

Sodium polyanethol sulfonate is an anticoagulant that reduces action of protein called complement, which destroys bacteria.

Question 4

What is centrifugation?

Answer 4

Centrifugation is a process that is used to separate whole blood into multiple components. The centrifuge rotates very quickly and uses centrifugal force to separate substances that have different densities.

Question 5

What is the usual angle for an arterial puncture?

Answer 5

The usual angle for an arterial puncture is 45 degrees.

Question 6

Which four lab tests require chilling of the specimen?

Answer 6

ACTH, Catecholamines, Free Fatty Acids, and Lactic Acid all require chilling of the specimen.

Question 7

What additive is in a royal blue top vacutainer?

Answer 7

EDTA is the additive in a royal blue too vacutainer.

Question 8

What agency requires a safety device on needles and/or tube holder or syringe?

Answer 8

OSHA requires a safety device on needles and/or tube holder or syringe.

Question 9

When should newborn screening for neonates be performed?

Answer 9

Newborn screening for neonates should be carried out within the first 24 hours.

Question 10

Why are ESR labs requested?

Answer 10

To assess inflammation

Question 11

What five lab tests require chilling of the specimen?

Answer 11

Acetone, Blood Ammonia, Pyruvate, Renin Activity, and ACE all require chilling of the specimen.

Question 12

The word “cephalocaudal” means

Answer 12

The word “cephalocaudal” means pertaining to the head and tail.

Question 13

What is necessary when changing plastic bags of hazardous waste that might leak?

Answer 13

Double bagging.

Question 14

What is negligence?

Answer 14

Negligence is any violation of the standards of care.

Question 15

When cleaning the site for drawing blood cultures or blood gases what is used?

Answer 15

Povidine-iodine

Question 16

Which tests are not usually part of the workup for DIC, a coagulation disorder?

Answer 16

ESR and BUN

Question 17

Up to how much blood can microcollection tubes hold?

Answer 17

Up to 750 uL (microlitre)

Question 18

Why are BUN labs requested?

Answer 18

BUN labs are requested to assess kidney function.

Question 19

What does a negative Allen test indicate?

Answer 19

A negative Allen test indicates that the ulnar artery alone cannot provide adequate blood supply to the hand and fingers if the radial artery is blocked.

Question 20

Define stat samples

Answer 20

Stat samples are samples that are to be collected, analyzed, and results reported immediately.

Question 21

Which three tests does US law mandate neonatal screening for?

Answer 21

US law mandates neonatal screening for hypothyroidism, PKU, and galactosemia.

Question 22

What agency governs patient privacy?

Answer 22

HIPAA

Question 23

What type of testing does the phlebotomist perform?

Answer 23

The phlebotomist performs CLIA-waived testing.

Question 24

Which of these does not have the function of infection control?

Answer 24

Contamination

Question 25

Define thalessemia

Answer 25

Thalessemia is an inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background..

Question 26

What are micropipets also known as?

Answer 26

Micropipets are also known as caraway pipets.

Question 27

What is the object that harbours infectious agents before transmission?

Answer 27

Fomite

Question 28

Define fomite

Answer 28

Fomites are inanimate objects that can become con- taminated with manure, blood, urine, saliva, or fetal fluids. If not cleaned and disinfected between uses, these objects could spread diseases to the next animal, or a person, that comes in contact with it

Question 29

How long does clotting in plain serum tubes take?

Answer 29

Clotting in plain serum tubes takes about 60 minutes.

Question 30

Define hemoconcentration

Answer 30

Hemoconcentration is a condition where the concentration of blood cells increases due to a loss of water or plasma from the bloodstream. This causes the blood to thicken, or become more concentrated, as the proportion of cells and other larger elements of the blood increases. Hemoconcentration is often caused by dehydration and can lead to higher levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Question 31

What colour vacutainer is used for clotting studies?

Answer 31

A light blue top vacutainer is used for clotting studies.

Question 32

What additive is in a light blue top tube?

Answer 32

Sodium citrate is the additive in a light blue top tube.

Question 33

What two things can be caused by excessively milking the finger during skin puncture?

Answer 33

Hemolysis and contamination with tissue fluids.

Question 34

What is the first step in the patient care process?

Answer 34

Assessment

Question 35

At what intervals is the blood blotted during a bleeding time test?

Answer 35

30 second intervals

Question 36

What is a bleeding time test?

Answer 36

A bleeding time test determines how quickly your blood clots to stop bleeding. The test is a basic assessment of how well your blood platelets work to form clots.

Question 37

What is the most common chemistry test done by POC testing?

Answer 37

Blood glucose

Question 38

Where should the phlebotomist be when communicating with a bedridden patient?

Answer 38

Eye level

Question 39

How many bones are in the adult skeleton?

Answer 39

There are 206 bones in the adult skeleton.

Question 40

Define kernicterus

Answer 40

Kernicterus is defined by bilirubin encephalopathy, a form of brain damage resulting from unconjugated bilirubin entering the brain. Characterized by lethargy, poor feeding, vomiting, irregular respiration, perhaps death.

Question 41

Define anticoagulant

Answer 41

An anticoagulant is a substance that keeps blood from clotting. It’s very important in phlebotomy because it helps keep the blood liquid for testing.

Question 42

Define basilic vein

Answer 42

The basilic vein is large on the arm's inner side, often utilized when other veins are unsuitable for blood collection. Although it is not the first choice for venipuncture due to its proximity to nerves and arteries, it is a reliable alternative when the preferred veins are inaccessible.

Question 43

Define venous stasis

Answer 43

Venous stasis is the pooling of blood in veins due to insufficient circulation, often seen in the lower extremities. This condition can lead to complications such as swelling or blood clots if not managed properly

Question 44

What are standard precautions?

Answer 44

Guidelines designed to prevent transmission of infection from any source of bodily fluid, except sweat, in a healthcare setting.

Question 45

Define fibrinogen

Answer 45

Fibrinogen is a blood protein essential to blood clotting. The conversion of fibrinogen to its active form (fibrin) is among the final steps in clot formation, and is triggered by thrombin.

Question 46

When handling blood samples, which of the following is true?

Answer 46

Blood samples should always be protected from strong light.

Question 47

What is the most common cause of laboratory error?

Answer 47

Clerical

Question 48

When transporting specimens, absorbent materials are used for what?

Answer 48

To soak up the samples if breakage occurs.

Question 49

What is the major risk associated with improperly cleaning the venipuncture site during blood collection?

Answer 49

Sample contamination

Question 50

What is one advantage of blood spot collection on filter paper?

Answer 50

Easy storage and transportation.

Question 51

What testing procedure is the blacktop blood collection tube typically used for?

Answer 51

Westergren sedimentation rate

Question 52

Which type of pathogen transmission occurs via contaminated water?

Answer 52

Vehicle transmission

Question 53

What is the purpose of OSHA regulations in relation to occupational exposure?

Answer 53

To ensure the safety and health of workers by setting and enforcing standards.

Question 54

What should phlebotomist documentation include?

Answer 54

Objective facts

Question 55

What does the term 'palpate' refer to in a clinical examination context?

Answer 55

To examine by touch.

Question 56

What is the purpose of centrifuging in the processing of blood specimens?

Answer 56

To separate the cells from the liquid portion of the blood.

Question 57

What action does the blood take after exiting the left atrium?

Answer 57

Enters the left ventricle

Question 58

Which technique is not recommended for collecting blood cultures?

Answer 58

The syringe technique is not recommended for collecting blood cultures.

Question 59

Define catabolism

Answer 59

Catabolism is the process of breaking down complex substances in the body. It is the opposite of anabolism, which involves the building up of substances.

Question 60

What is the purpose of the hemoglobin Alc test in the context of Diabetes Mellitus?

Answer 60

To measure the average blood glucose level over the past 2 to 3 months.