Photosynthesis

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Light energy is used to make CO2 into organic molecules

Question 2

Organic molecules

Answer 2

Anything with one or more C-H bond

Question 3

Autotrophs

Answer 3

Compounds that don’t need anything from the environment

Question 4

Photoautotrophs

Answer 4

Use energy from photons to be self sustaining

Question 5

Chemoautotrophs

Answer 5

Autotrophs that do not use energy from the sun

Question 6

Ecosystem lifestyle

Answer 6

Primary producers (Chemoautotrophs)– primary consumers– dead bodies–decomposers

Question 7

Heterotrophs

Answer 7

Require premade energy to survive

Question 8

Photosynthesis occurs in

Answer 8

Eukaryotes and bacteria but not archaea

Question 9

Photosynthesis reaction

Answer 9

6CO2 + 12H2O– C6H12)6 + 6O2 + 6H20

Question 10

Rate of photosynthesis

Answer 10

Measured by CO2 in or O2 out because of their equal molar masses

Question 11

Redox of photosynthesis

Answer 11

CO2 is reduced to glucose, water is oxidezed into oxygen

Question 12

2 photosynthetic processes

Answer 12

The light reaction and the Calvin cycle

Question 13

The light reaction

Answer 13

Pigment captures light energy and makes NADPH and ATP. Electrons needed come from the oxidation of water

Question 14

Calvin cycle

Answer 14

Energy in ATP and NADPH is used to make glucose. out of CO2. A reduction reaction called carbon or CO2 fixation occurs

Question 15

All organic molecules

Answer 15

Are directly or indirectly products of photosynthesis

Question 16

Photosynthesis location

Answer 16

The chloroplast

Question 17

3 membranes of the chloroplast

Answer 17

Outer, inner, and intramembrane space

Question 18

Outer membrane

Answer 18

Covers the outer surface of the chloroplast

Question 19

Inner membrane

Answer 19

Just inside the outer membrane

Question 20

Intramembrane space

Answer 20

Space between the 2 membranes

Question 21

Stroma

Answer 21

Aqueous environment in the chloroplast

Question 22

Thylakoids

Answer 22

3rd membrane in the stroma that form closed sacs filled with the thylakoid lumen

Question 23

Light reaction location

Answer 23

Within the thylakoid membrane

Question 24

Calvin cycle location

Answer 24

The stroma

Question 25

Cyanobacteria

Answer 25

Photosynthesis iccurs in the plasma membrane. Shows that chloroplast is derived from free living cyanobacteria

Question 26

How much CO2 is photosynthesized per year

Answer 26

1.1x 10^14 kg

Question 27

What organisms do photosynthesis

Answer 27

1/2 of the work is done by phytoplankton. Lots in the poles because of the nutrient rich waters

Question 28

Iron

Answer 28

An enzyme cofactor fot the ETC that is crutial for photosynthesis.

Question 29

Increasing iron

Answer 29

In the ocean would increase phytoplankton and decrease climate change

Question 30

Photosynthetic apparatus

Answer 30

Proteins in the thylakiod membrane responsible for light reactions. On these are pigment molecules that absorb light

Question 31

Photosystem

Answer 31

The combination of photosynthetic apparatus and pigment molecules

Question 32

Light and matter interactions

Answer 32

Photons or quanta. Not waves.

Question 33

Photons contain energy that

Answer 33

Is inverse to its wavelength

Question 34

3 outcomes after a photon is absorbed

Answer 34

Florescence, energy transfer electron transfer

Question 35

Florescence

Answer 35

An excited electron returns to ground state releasing heat or light with a longer wavelength

Question 36

Energy transfer

Answer 36

Energy but not electron is transferred and excited a neighboring electron. Very energy efficient

Question 37

Electron transfer

Answer 37

Transferred to near by accepting molecule

Question 38

Light absorbing molecules

Answer 38

Chlorophyll and carotenoid

Question 39

Chlorophyll

Answer 39

Absorbs green pigment, Chlorophyll a and b are the most dominant. They have different absorption spectrums

Question 40

Absorption spectrum

Answer 40

A plot of absorption vs wavelength made from a spectrophotometer.

Question 41

Chlorophyll a

Answer 41

Absorbs blue and red light

Question 42

Chlorophyll b and cartenoid

Answer 42

Expand the amount of wavelengths a plant can accept

Question 43

Action spectrum

Answer 43

A plot of the effectiveness of light of a particular wavelength

Question 44

How to measure for photosynthesis

Answer 44

Use a suspension of chlorophyll and measure the outgoing oxygen at different wavelengths

Question 45

Theodor Engelmann

Answer 45

First action spectra. Divided white light with a prism. Placed algae strip with bacteria under different wavelengths of light

Question 46

Theodor's results

Answer 46

Bacteria flocked to the red and blue because the most oxygen was present there

Question 47

Other jobs of pigments

Answer 47

Transfer energy to neighboring molecules. Efficient because they are bound to protein pigments

Question 48

Pigment proteins

Answer 48

Organized into photosystems

Question 49

Photosystems

Answer 49

Made of antenna (light harvesting) complex. that surrounds the central reaction center

Question 50

Central reaction center

Answer 50

A photosystem made of proteins that bind chlorophyll to the primary electron acceptor

Question 51

Photosystem function

Answer 51

Trap energy to oxidize a reaction of electron transfer to the primary electron acceptor.

Question 52

2 photosystems

Answer 52

Photo system II and then photo system I

Question 53

Photosystem I

Answer 53

Chlorophyll A is called p700 (pigment with the max wavelength absorption of 700nm

Question 54

Photosystem II

Answer 54

P680

Question 55

In a chloroplast

Answer 55

There are 1000's of photosystems with 500 chlorophyll molecules each