PHS Final based on past exams Flashcards
(103 cards)
1
Q
Comparative properties in other more familiar objects are called
A
referents
2
Q
A statement of prediction is called a
A
hypothesis
3
Q
The variable that is being changed, varied, or influenced is called an
A
experimental group
4
Q
The 3rd step in the scientific method
A
experiment
5
Q
Conversion factor for m to km
A
1000m = 1km
6
Q
7 base units
A
m, kg, s, A, K, mol, cd
7
Q
Which of the following are true for symbols used as units and equations?
A
units define what the numerial measurement means
8
Q
Which would have the greatest density
A
cold saltwater
9
Q
Resistance to change in motion is called
A
inertia
10
Q
If the mass of something is cut in half, what happens to the volume?
A
It is cut in half
11
Q
Which of the following is a Newton
A
kgm/s^2
12
Q
A Newton is a unit of
A
Force and weight
13
Q
Resistance to change in motion
A
inertia
14
Q
Which of the following can cause a change in acceleration?
A
A change in speed and/or direction
15
Q
If an object is accelerating forward, the forces acting on the object are
A
unbalanced
16
Q
A measure of inertia is called
A
mass
17
Q
Which of the following is true for the variable g?
A
It is the acceleration due to gravity
18
Q
What is the density of a box that is 125g and 98 cm^3 in the proper units?
A
1.3 g/cm^3
19
Q
What is the mass of a 5 N ball?
A
0.5kg
20
Q
What is the speed of a car traveling 25 m west in 50 s?
A
0.5 m/s
21
Q
How many ft are in 4.3 km?
A
14,000 ft
22
Q
A cat starts from rest and runs north at 2.31 m/s. What is the acceleration of the cat if she is running for 10s?
A
0.231 m/s^2 north
23
Q
A car is traveling southwest at 45 mi/h for 21 min. How far has it traveled
A
16 mi southwest
24
Q
How far has a ball gone if it takes 9.35s to fall off a cliff and strike the ground?
A
428 m
25
Convert 318 mi/h to km/h
512
26
convert 5,469 yd to mi
3.107
27
A negative accleration is called
deceleration
28
The sum of all forces is called
net force
29
What is the conversion factor for centimeters to inches?
1 in = 2.54 cm
30
Newtons 3rd law?
Equal and opposite forces
31
Momentum equation
M = mv (mass x speed)
32
Which of the following apply to the unit W?
A unit of power, J/s, watt
33
Claire pushes a chair 10 ft across the classroom floor. Laura pushes the same chair the same distance but with half the force. Laura has done
Half the work because W=Fd
34
Power is determined by
the work done divided by the time to do the work
35
The amount of matter in an object
mass
36
a ball rolling down an incline has its highest value for kinetic energy at
the bottom (no more potential energy)
37
The parallel force times the distance moved is called
work
38
Renewable energy sources
wind, biomass, geothermal
39
A fossil fuel is
produced from organic matter that gets buried in sediment that eventually turns into rock.
40
Primarily used for transportation
petroleum
41
Newton discovered
That gravity is universal
42
If you go to Mercury, your mass
stays the same
43
Inside an elevator, when the cable breaks, your weight...
is zero
44
if you swing a stone overhead in a horizontal circle and the string breaks, the tendency of the stone is to follow a
straight line path
45
Which is true of projectile motion in the absence of air resistance?
Its horizontal motion remains the same
46
With no air resistance, a projectile fired at 35 degrees has the same range as if it were fired at....
55 degrees (the two angle must add up to 90 degrees)
47
The intensity of an effect related to the inverse square of the distance from the cause is called
inverse square law
48
What is the mass of a dog that is using 80 N to run?
8 kg
49
What potential energy is required for Abby to move a 10 kg box 10 m above the floor?
980 J
50
Jake pulls a desk across the classroom. What is the action and reaction force?
Action force is Jake pulling the desk. The reaction force is the desk pulling Jake.
51
What work would Chris have to use to row a 5.5kg boat at 9.54 m/s?
250.28 J (KE =1/2 mv^2)
52
How much power would be required for an 854 J rock to be moved for 56.7 s?
15.1 W
53
The ability to do work
energy
54
Horsepower is a unit of
power
55
Energy that is produced is called
electrical energy
56
Which type of collision involves the masses adding together
inelastic
57
The average kinetic energy of the molecules within a substance is called
temperature
58
Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always in motion is the definition of
kinetic theory of matter
59
The heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 degree of Fahrenheit is called
Btu
60
The flow of thermal energy is referred to as
heat
61
Which of the following states that no system can reach absolute zero
3rd law of thermodynamics
62
Which way does energy flow
Heat flows onto the cooler object
63
A substance that heats up quickly has a
low specific heat capacity
64
The measure of thermal inertia that indicates the resistance of a substance to change in temperature
specific heat capacity
65
If water increases from 1 degree C to 3 degree C the water will
contract
66
Why does contraction happen as ice melts?
the molecules get closer together, and crystal bonds are breaking
67
True statements for absolute zero
it is theoretical only, it is 0 K, it is the absence of heat
68
Ariana is cooking pasta for dinner. She puts a pot of water on an old electric stove burner element. By what process does the bottom of the metal pot heat up?
conduction
69
What do insulators do?
slow the flow of heat
70
If a pizza absorbs more energy than it releases, its temperature____
increases
71
A fresh plate of hot french fries will cool faster in a _____ room
cold
72
Which of the following would absorb more radiant energy than it reflects?
navy blue car, black top road, dark dirt
73
Which of the following states of matter have a definite volume?
liquid and solid
74
gas directly to a solid
deposition
75
Which of the following applies to terrestrial radiation?
long wavelengths
76
a water wave is a _________ wave
transverse
77
A wiggle in space and time that transports energy is called a
wave
78
a sound wave of high frequency emits a _______ pitch
high
79
If an object was emitting sound in the 1- Hz range, it would be an
infrasonic wave
80
sound waves travel slowest in
gas
81
multiple reflections are called
reverberations
82
A frequency of 25 Hz would produce a period of
1/25 s
83
the degree of disorder in a system is called
entropy
84
a poor heat conductor is a
good insulator
85
currents that occur in fluids due to differences in density
convection currents
86
phase change processes that release energy
freezing, deposition, condensation
87
materials that inhibit the flow of charged particles
electric insulators
88
What does it mean when electric charge is conserved?
it can neither be created nor destroyed
89
the fundamental quantity underlying electric force and all electric phenomena is called
electric charge
90
two oppositely charged objects near each other tend to
attract each other
91
charged atoms are called
ions
92
group A elements are located where
the first 2 and last 6 columns
93
which of the following elements could form a triple bond?
silicon
94
what is the symbol for the principle energy quantum number
n
95
the ____________ says that each electron has a unique set of quantum numbers
Pauli exclusion principle
96
which of the following would be least polar?
Cl and Cl (furthest away = most polar, closest together = least polar)
97
the sharing of electrons is a
covalent bond
98
Which element is an exception to the octet rule?
H
99
the ability of a bonded atom to pull on shared electrons is called
electronegativity
100
Which of the following is the unit of charge
coulomb
101
which of the following orbitals has a max of 14 electrons
f
102
where are noble gases located on the periodic nable
the last column
103
