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Phylum Arthropoda Flashcards

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1
Q

Phylum Arthropoda is divided into 5 subphyla. What are they

A

Trilobitomorpha, Cheliceriformes, Myriapoda, Hexapoda, Crustacea

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2
Q

What is unique about the appendages of members of arthropoda?

A

they are the first up to this point to be jointed

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3
Q

The outermost layer of most arthropods is called _______ and is made of _______

A

exoskeleton made of chitin

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4
Q

What else uses chitin in their structural formations?

A

Fungi

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5
Q

exoskeletons allow for ___________

A

the attachment of muscles

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6
Q

In order to grow, arthropods must _____

A

molt their exoskeletons

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7
Q

What is unique about how arthropods are segmented?

A

they have fused segments

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8
Q

What kind of circulatory system do most arthropods have?

A

The Coelom is reduced into the Hemocoel which contains the Hemolymph.

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9
Q

What is Hemolymph?

A

a mix of blood and interstitial fluid.

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10
Q

What do aquatic arthropods use for excretion?

A

green glands

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11
Q

What do terrestrial arthropods use for excretion?

A

Malpighian tubules

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12
Q

What is unique about fertilization in arthropods that has not been seen up to this point.

A

Internal fertilization (this implies separate sexes)

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13
Q

are arthropods under lophotrochozoa?

A

no

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14
Q

arthropods have ___ germ layers. what does this imply?

A
  1. it implies that they have a tube in tube body, and have bilateral symmetry
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15
Q

are arthropods proto- or deuterostome?

A

protostome

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16
Q

being protostome implies that the embryo undergoes ______ or “________” cleavage.

A

spiral or determinate cleavage

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17
Q

what is indicated by the cephalization found in arthropods

A

well developed sensory organs

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18
Q

what do aquatic arthropods uses for respiration?

A

Gills

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19
Q

what do terrestrial arthropods uses for respiration?

A

most have internal systems (e.g. tracheas in insects)

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20
Q

What is the common name of subphylum trilobitomorpha

A

Trilobite

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21
Q

Where are trilobites found?

A

nowhere, they are extinct

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22
Q

Subphylum Cheliceriformes includes _______

A

horseshoe crabs, arachnids, sea spiders, ticks

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23
Q

What classes are Cheliceriformes divided into? what do those classes include

A

Class Merostomata (horseshoe crabs), Class Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders), And Class Arachnida (spiders, ticks, mites, harvestmen, & scorpions)

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24
Q

What is the defining characteristic of subphylum Cheliceriformes?

A

6 pairs of appendages

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25
how are the 6 paired appendages unique to Chelicerformes arranged?
1st pair = chelicerae, 2nd pair = pedipaps 4 remaining pairs = walking legs
26
what are chelicerae? their function?
the 1st pair of appendages on a Chelicerforme. used for prey capture
27
what are Pedipalps?
2nd pair of appendages on a Chelicerforme
28
What do Chelicerformes use for chemo-sensing, maiting, and feeding?
pedipalps. (2nd pair)
29
Arachnids belong to what subphyla?
Chelicerforme
30
horseshoe crabs are referred to as _______ and are in what class?
Living fossils, Class Merostomata
31
sea spiders are included in what class under what phylum?
Class Pycnogoda, Phylum Arthropoda.
32
describe the appearance of a member of class pycnogonida
look like anorexic spiders
33
what classes are included in subphylum myriapoda
Class Chilopoda (centipedes) and Class Diplopoda (millipedes)
34
What class of Myriapoda has a poison claw on its first segment?
Class Chilopoda
35
Members of Subphylum Myriapoda have 1 pairs of _______ , 3 pairs of ________ modified as mouth parts including _________
antennae, appendages, jaw-like mandibles
36
All members of Myriapoda are found in _______ habitats
Terrestrial
37
what class of Myriapoda are carnivorous?
Class Chilopods (Centipedes)
38
What class of Myriapoda are Herbivores?
Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)
39
How can you distinguish between a Chilopod and a Diplopod?
Chilopods have 1 pair of legs per segment, Diplopods have 2.
40
What Classes does Subphylum Hexapoda include?
Only 1: Class Insecta
41
How are Hexapods segmented?
Head, thorax, & abdomen.
42
what are defining characteristics of Hexapoda?
1. Mouthparts for chewing, sucking, or lapping, 2. 3 pairs of legs and usually 2 pairs of wings on thorax 3. 3 body segments.
43
Class insecta are found in ____ habitiats
all, but are rare in the sea
44
How many antennae do insects have?
1
45
Insects have _______ eyes. What other class has these?
Compound. Chilopods and Dilopods
46
where are the legs and wings attached on class insecta?
thorax
47
respiration method of insects?
tracheal system
48
in insects excretion via _______
Malpighian tubules
49
Describe incomplete or gradual metamorphosis.
Egg -> Nymph -> Adult (Grasshopper)
50
Describe Complete Metamorphosis
Egg -> Larva -> Pupa -> Adult (butterfly)
51
what is a pupa?
A cocoon
52
What is included in subphylum Crustacea
Crabs, Lobsters, Shrimp, Sow bugs, Krill, Barnacles, crayfish, and daphnia
53
Crustaceans have ____ body parts
2 or 3
54
crustaceans are the only arthropods with ___ pairs of antennae
2
55
How many legs do crustaceans have?
3 or more
56
Crustaceans are found in ______ habitats
marine and freshwater
57
insects have appendages on their ______ but crustaceans have appendages on their _______
Thorax, Abdomen
58
Crustaceans can be divided into 2 groups: _______ and ______
Isopods and Decapods
59
What are Isopods?
A large group of Marine, freshwater and terrestrial crustaceans that use their feet for gas exchange.
60
What group of crustaceans do pill bugs and wood lice belong to?
Terrestrial Isopods
61
What are decapods?
A group of large crustaceans that use gills for gas exchange.
62
decapods include:
lobsters, crayfish, crabs and shrimp
63
Lobsters and crayfish have ____ pairs of appendages
19 pairs
64
decapods have _______ cuticles
Calcium Carbonate (like sponges, molluscs, and corals)
65
Planktonic crustaceans are in the _______ group
Copepod

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