Tetrapoda Group

Question 1

The Group Tetrapoda is divided into these classes: _______

Answer 1

Class Amphibia, Class Reptilia, Class Aves, and Class mammalia

Question 2

Class Amphibia have _________ hearts

Answer 2

3 chambered

Question 3

What do Amphibians primarily use for gas exchange?

Answer 3

Lungs and moist skin

Question 4

Amphibians exhibit what type of fertilization?

Answer 4

Mostly external and binds most of them to the water for reproduction

Question 5

Some amphibians have a unique method of reproducing with a structure called _______

Answer 5

Spermatophores. (packets of sperm layed by males and picked up by females)

Question 6

Amphibians have _______ thermoregulation

Answer 6

ectothermic

Question 7

Some _____ in Class Amphibia exhibit neoteny

Answer 7

Salamanders

Question 8

Class amphibia is divided into orders _______.

What do they include?

Answer 8

Order Anura (frogs/toads), Order Urodela (salamanders, newts), and Order Apoda (legless aphibians)

Question 9

Newts are like slamanders but with _______

Answer 9

keeled or oar-like tail

Question 10

Describe difference in frogs and toads.

Answer 10

frogs have moist skin and toads have bumpy skin

Question 11

What are the ectothermic classes of Subphylum Craniata? The Endothermic classes?

Answer 11

Ecto- are Amphibia and reptilian. Endo- are Aves and Mammalia

Question 12

What are amniotes?

Answer 12

Amniotes are a clade that consists of animals that have amniotic eggs.

Question 13

what is an amniotic egg?

Answer 13

Amniotic eggs are eggs that contain membranes called extraembryonic membranes that protect the embryo

Question 14

What are the extraembryonic membranes?

Answer 14

The amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois.

Question 15

what classes are considered amniotes?

Answer 15

Class Reptilia, Class Aves, and Class Mammalia

Question 16

What Class has 3 chambered hearts

Answer 16

Amphibia and most of Class Reptilia

Question 17

What member of reptilian does not have 3 chambered heart. what does it have

Answer 17

Crocodiles, 4 chambered hearts

Question 18

Why are reptiles scales almost waterproof?

Answer 18

they are keratinized

Question 19

What classes have ribcages?

Answer 19

Reptilia, aves and mammalia

Question 20

Reptiles have ______ fertilization

Answer 20

internal

Question 21

In reptilian reproduction, what do males have that is not seen in anything up to this point?

Answer 21

a penis

Question 22

What are the orders of reptiles? what do they include?

Answer 22

Chelonia (turtles and Tortoises, Rhychocephalia (“tuatara”), Squamata (lizards and snakes) and Crocodilia (Crocodiles, aligators, and gavials)

Question 23

Rhychocephalia have what unique feature?

Answer 23

third eye on top of head

Question 24

What were the first reptiles to “emerge”

Answer 24

Parareptiles - short stocky dinosaurs

Question 25

lepidosaurs include _________

Answer 25

tuataras, lizards, snakes, and extinct mososaurs

Question 26

Archosaurs led to _____

Answer 26

the crocodilians, pterosaurs, and dinosaurs

Question 27

Class aves arose from ______

Answer 27

Thecodonts

Question 28

Class aves ______ hearts. What else have these?

Answer 28

4 chambered, Mammalia

Question 29

What are air sacs?

Answer 29

organs that provide higher efficiency for gas exchange

Question 30

What characteristics to birds share with reptiles?

Answer 30

scales, and amniotic egg

Question 31

Class Mammalia arose from _______

Answer 31

Therapsids

Question 32

Mammalian hair is made of ________

Answer 32

Keratin

Question 33

What are other difining characteristics of mammals

Answer 33

Mammary glands, Sweat glands, Tooth Differentiation, Muscular Diaphragm, 3 ossicle of middle ear

Question 34

What are the ossicles in mammalia?

Answer 34

Malleus, incus, stapes

Question 35

What are the three groupings of mammals?

Answer 35

Monotremes, Marsupials, Placentals

Question 36

What are monotremes?

Answer 36

"primitive" animals that lay eggs

Question 37

Marsupials?

Answer 37

Give birth but offspring must climb up to pouch for complete development

Question 38

Placentals

Answer 38

Advanced mammals, mother nourishes embryo via placenta

Question 39

Characteristics of Humans

Answer 39

Bipedal locomotion, reduced jawbones and jaw muscles, shorter digestive tracts.