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NMT250 > phys med- midterm > Flashcards

phys med- midterm Flashcards

(68 cards)

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1
Q

joint mobilization

A

up to but does not excess anatomic end ROM

can be in physiologic or non physiologic directions (i.e. flexion vs longitudinal traction)

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2
Q

graded mobilization/ oscillation

A

take joint to end range or point of pain and hold against resistance until feel releasee (up to 10 secs)

can add movement/oscillation

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3
Q

continuous vs progressive stretching

A

continuous: hold for 10 secs

progressive: stretch, relax, stretch

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4
Q

traction/ distraction - what are the effects?

A

pull one body in relation to another

help with mechanoreceptors, inhibit afferent nerve impulses, improve fluid exchange blood and lymph

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5
Q

strain- counterstrain

A

when muscle strained, the antagonistic muscle may cause continued pain (need antagonistic to be normal length)

put involved muscle in maximal shortening then stretch and then neutral

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6
Q

myofascial release

A

reduce muscle spasm, etc

apply force against soft tissue barriers and use deep long gliding strokes over fascia

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7
Q

active myofascial release

A

put muscle in shortened position, apply pressure, the stretch tissue through active or passive motion

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8
Q

proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)

A

hold-relax-stretch

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9
Q

trigger points

A

tender spots in a shortened muscle band

reduce circulation and nervee conduction

local and referred pain’

active or latent pain

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10
Q

myofascial trigger point pathophysiology

A
  1. increase ACH at motor end plates
  2. sarcomere shorten
  3. increase metabolic demands, decreases oxygen perfusion,
  4. energy crisis, hypoxia, ischemia
  5. release inflammatory molecules
  6. sensitize nervous innervation
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11
Q

trigger point theory (travel and simmons)

A

vapoocoolant spray when tissue is stretched and acu needles into trigger point (they used wet needles)

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12
Q

ischemic compression

A

deep pressure over tender muscle modular

can use over trigger points

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13
Q

massage goals

A

enhance tissue extensibility

deep: increase blood flow and cutaneous temperature

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14
Q

massage effects which systesm

A

nervous
muscular
circulatory
lymphatic

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15
Q

effleurage (massage technique)

A

gliding or stroking over large area with broad contact

superficial or deep

warms tissue

use to start and end a session

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16
Q

petrissage (massage technique)

A

kneading/pinching

grasp skin while applying cross-fibre stroking or stretching

alternate: traction, squeeze and relax

for vascularity and fluid exchange

reduce swelling and fluid accumulation

create hyperemia (increase blood flow)

decreases muscle tone via spindle cells and Gogli tendon receptors

may break adhesions

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17
Q

roulomont (massage technique)

A

skin rolling

lift skin from underneath fascia

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18
Q

tapotement (massage technique)

A

tapping or vibration

perpendicular to muscle fibers

reflexive physiologic effects in 2-5 mins: hyperaemia, improved muscle tonicity, reflex stimulation of cutaneous receptors

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19
Q

friction (massage technique)

A

side to side or small circular movements

move skin over subq. tissue and muscle

NO LUBE

performed over ligaments or myofascial lesions

release adhesions, edema, pain…

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20
Q

TMJ motions

A

jaw open/close (rotate and glide)

jaw protract/retract

side gliding (TMJ forward, medial and down when chin rotates laterally)

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21
Q

upper c -spine motions

A

flexion extension at occipitoatlantal

rotation at atlantoaxial

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22
Q

lower c spine motions

A

flexion extension at C5/6

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23
Q

TMJ distraction

A

move mandible inferior and perpendicular to joint surface of temporalis

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24
Q

TMJ anterior glide

A

grade 1 traction

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25
TMJ medial glide
x
26
sternocostal joint for
more movement during elevation of arm
27
acromioclavicular joint prevents
excessive movement of the joint, strengthen joint capsule
28
glenohumeral joint
glenoid labrum fro firbocartilagious rim to increase surface area for humerus contact
29
scapulohumeral rhythm
first bit is glenohumeral then rest is with scapula
30
muscles for arm flexion extension abduction adduction internal rotation external rotation
Flexion Anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis, pectoral major (clavicular) Extension Latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid Abduction Middle deltoid, supraspinatus, serratus anterior (scapular stability) Adduction Pectoral major, latissimus dorsi Internal Rotation Latissimus dorsi, teres major, anterior deltoid subscapularis, pectorals major External Rotation Posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor
31
muscles fro scapular stabilization scapular retraction scapular elevation
Scapular Stabilization Trapezius, serratuis anterior, rhomboids Scapular Retraction Rhomboid major and minor Scapular elevation Trapezius, levator scapulae
32
adhesive capsulitis is when
tendons and the bursa - supraspinatus and deltoids become “stuck together” immobile - capsule tightens and fibrosis caused by degenerative joint disease, RA< immobilization,..
33
impingement syndrome
narrowed space btw acromion and humerus --> pinch long head of biceps and/or rotator cuff (supraspinatous)
34
rotator cuff injury cause
falling on outstretched hands (FOOSH) injuries, impingement in coracoacromial arch, minor or repetitive stretch
35
most common rotator cuff injury
supraspinaotus
36
GH distraction
x
37
GH glides (4)
inferior, posterior, anterior, posterolateral
38
GH posterolateral glide purpose
decrease pain, increase pain free ROM in flexion and abduction
39
traction used in GH glides
grade 1 traction
40
overall purpose of distraction
increase accessory motion increase ROM decrease pain
41
scapulothoracic distraction
medial and inferior movement of scalp and lift it away from ribs
42
4 scapulothoracic glides
superior inferior medial lateral
43
sternocostal glides(4)
superior (glide clavicle up) inferior (push clavicle down) posterior anterior
44
acromioclavicular glides (2)
posterior anterior
45
elbow is what type of joint an which motions
modified hinge joint flex, extension, supination, pronation
46
lateral epicondylalgia
inflam and pain as extensors rub against lateral epicondyle and radial head during contraction micro tears in tendon local pain or goes down forearm (extensors)
47
carpal tunnel syndrome nerve compressed? from?
median nerve compressed through flexor retinaculum/transverse carpal ligament i.e. from genetics, repetitive hand use, extreme wrist flexion or extension over time, pregnancy, other health conditions
48
decreased MCP (metacarpalphalangeal) ROM
I,e, after fracture, arthritides
49
humeroulnar distraction
pt supine and upper arm held against table while forearm on dr shoulder, pull ulna from humerus
50
humeroulnar medial glide
pt supine mobilizing hand on lateral proximal radius --> move ulna in medial direction indirectly through the radius grade 1 traction
51
humeroulnar lateral glide
pt supine grade 1 traction and move ulna lateral
52
humeroradial distraction
pt supine pull radial head distal and perpendicular to radial joint surface
53
humeroradial posterior glide
pt is supine and shoulder is medial rotated Grade 1
54
humeroradial anterior glide
pt supine and shoulder medial rotated
55
posterior glide of proximal radius
supine stabilize posterior proximal ulna mobilize on anterior radial head and then push it posteriorly
56
anterior glide of proximal radius
pt supine push radial head anterior and stabilize ulna head
57
posterior glide of distal radius
pt sitting stabilize distal ulna and place hand on anterior distal radius and push posterior
58
anterior glide of distal radius
(near hand) push radius anteriorly from posterior side and stabilize anterior ulna
59
wrist distractions
stabilize ulna and radius on table and then pull proximal row of carpals distally and perpendicular to joint surface
60
wrist posterior glide
pt sitting and forearm on tx table with hand off the table hold radius and ulna on table and move proximal row of carpals posteriorly
61
wrist anterior glide
move proximal row of carpals anteriror stabilize radiu and ulna on tx table
62
wrist medal glide
move proximal carpals medial stabilize r and ulna on tx table
63
wrist lateral glide
move proximal carpals lateral
64
midcarpral joints
grab proximal row and distal row of carpals distraction posterior, anterior, medial and lateral glide
65
inter metacarpal joints
posterior and anterior glide
66
1st MCP
stabilize head of 1st MCP and mobilize proximal 1st phalanx dsitraction medial and lateral glide
67
MCP joints
stabilize head of metacarpal and mobilize proximal phalanx distraction posterior anterior medial lateral
68
interphalangeal joint
distraction posterior anterior

NMT250 (10 decks)

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