physci

Question 1

widely held theory of the evolution of the universe. Its essential feature is the emergence of the universe from a state of extremely high temperature and density

Answer 1

big bang model

Question 2

it was first proposed by belgian astrophysicist Abbe George Edouard Lemaitre

Answer 2

big bang theory

Question 3

three key observational evidence that supports the big bang model

Answer 3

hubble/cosmic expansion
cosmic microwave background (cmb)
bigbang nucleosynthesis (bbn)

Question 4

if the early stage of the universe was hot and dense, then an afterglow is detected today as?

Answer 4

cosmic background microwave

Question 5

hypothezised that the cooling process after bigbang generate electronic magnetic waves that fill the universe

Answer 5

george gamow (1940)

Question 6

evaluating performance of the new radio telescope to be used in trans-atlantic telephone communication

Answer 6

penzias and wilson (radio astronomers)

Question 7

these reactions began with fusion of protons and neutrons, forming nuclei in a process called?

Answer 7

nucleosynthesis

Question 8

light elements

Answer 8

hydrogen (H)
helium (He)
lithium (Li)

Question 9

it refers to the same element with a different number of neutrons

Answer 9

isotope

Question 10

an isotope of hydrogen, has one neutron in its nucleos

Answer 10

deuterium

Question 11

first produced in the bigbang would need additional protons and neutrons

Answer 11

hydrogen atoms

Question 12

formed in the bigbang merged into large clouds of gas

Answer 12

atoms

Question 13

nucleosynthesis in stars is called?

Answer 13

stellar nucleosynthesis

Question 14

depends on the mass of a star

Answer 14

stellar nuclerosynthesis

Question 15

medium sized whose hydrogen atoms are eventually depleteds

Answer 15

sun

Question 16

oxygen and carbon fuse to form

Answer 16

neon (Ne)
sodium (Na)
magnesium (Mg)
silicon (Si)
Sulfur (S)

Question 17

elements transformed into

Answer 17

calcium (Ca)
iron (Fe)
nickel (Ni)
Chromium (Cr)
copper (Cu)

Question 18

the explosion of a star

Answer 18

supernova

Question 19

protons can also be combined with neutrons to form heavier nuclei in a process

Answer 19

nuclear fusion

Question 20

two nuclear reactions

Answer 20

nuclear fission
nuclear fusion

Question 21

two nuclear fusion reactions

Answer 21

exothermic reactions: hydrogen to helium
burning phases involving heavier nuclei

Question 22

2 types of exothermic reactions

Answer 22

proton-proton chain (p-p chain)
carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO cycle)

Question 23

fusion of four hydrogen nuclei to for a heavy nucleus to helium nucleus

Answer 23

p-p chain

Question 24

transforms 4 hydrogen nuclei into helium nucleus by using a carbon as a catalyst

Answer 24

cno cycle

Question 25

heavy to light nucleus

Answer 25

nuclear fission

Question 26

light to heavy nucleus

Answer 26

nuclear fusion

Question 27

3 burning phases involving heavier nuclei

Answer 27

helium burning carbon and oxygen burning silicon burning

Question 28

once a star has used up the hydrogen in it's core, and the helium previously starts to be expanded and burned

Answer 28

helium burning

Question 29

at approxiamately 5 x 10^8 kelvin, is likely to start a typical reactions

Answer 29

carbon and oxygen burning

Question 30

the formation of silicon establishes the reactions that lead to an inner core of a star

Answer 30

silicon burning

Question 31

refers to the energy needs to break down a nucleus into its nucleons

Answer 31

binding energy

Question 32

2 types of neutron capture

Answer 32

s-process r-process

Question 33

refers to the slow addition of neutrons

Answer 33

s-process

Question 34

refers to the rapid addition of neutrons

Answer 34

r-process

Question 35

H

Answer 35

hydrogen

Question 36

He

Answer 36

Helium