Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Lifespan Developmental Psych Test 3 > Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence > Flashcards

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

Biological Perspective (Conceptions of Adolescence)

A
  • Puberty
  • Storm and Stress (caused by puberty hormones)
  • Freud (Transition to Genital Stage)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Social Perspective (Conceptions of Adolescence)

A

Social and Cultural Influences (Transitions for adolescence and how they are seen by others)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Balanced Point of View (Conceptions of Adolescence)

A

Both Biological and Social Influences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Early (Three Phases of Adolescence)

A
  • 11-12 to 14 years

- Rapid pubertal change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Middle (Three Phases of Adolescence)

A
  • 14 to 16 years

- Puberty nearly complete

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Late (Three Phases of Adolescence)

A
  • 16 to 18 years
  • Full adult appearance
  • Anticipation of adult roles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hormonal Changes in Puberty

A

Growth Hormone and Thyroxine increase around age 8-9 (Estrogens and Androgens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Estrogens (Hormonal Changes in Puberty)

A
  • More in girls

- Adrenal estrogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Androgens (Hormonal Changes in Puberty)

A
  • More in boys

- Testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Boys (Sex Differences in Body Growth in Adolescence)

A

Growth Spurt: Starts age 12-1/2
Proportions: Shoulders broaden and Longer legs
Muscle-Fat Makeup: Gain more muscle, aerobic efficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Girls (Sex Differences in Body Growth in Adolescence)

A

Growth Spurt: Starts age 10
Proportions: Hips broaden
Muscle-Fat Makeup: Gain more fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Primary Sexual Characteristics (Sexual Maturation)

A

Maturation of the reproductive organs

  • Girls: Menarche
  • Boys: Spermarche
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Secondary Sexual Characteristics (Sexual Maturation)

A

Other visible parts of the body that signal sexual maturity

  • Girls: Breasts
  • Boys: Facial Hair, Voice Change
  • Both: Underarm Hair
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Individual Differences in Timing of Puberty

A
  • Heredity
  • Nutrition, exercise (Body fat, leptin in girls)
  • Geographical location
  • SES
  • Ethnic group
  • Family experiences
  • Secular trend
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Girls (Reactions to Puberty)

A
  • Surprise

- More positive than in past

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Girls (Reactions to Puberty) Preparation

A
  • Preparation, information help

- Father’s involvement helps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Boys (Reactions to Puberty)

A
  • Mixed reactions

- Sooner than expected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Boys (Reactions to Puberty) Preparation

A
  • Preparation helps

- Could benefit from telling people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Girls Early Maturing (Consequences of Timing of Puberty)

A
  • Unpopular, withdrawn, low confidence
  • More deviant behavior
  • Negative body image
  • More long-term problems
20
Q

Boys Early Maturing (Consequences of Timing of Puberty)

A
  • Popular
  • Confident, independent
  • Positive body image
21
Q

Girls Late Maturing (Consequences of Timing of Puberty)

A
  • Popular
  • Sociable, lively. school leaders
  • Positive body image
22
Q

Boys Late Maturing (Consequences of Timing of Puberty)

A
  • Unpopular
  • Anxious, talkative, attention-seeking
  • Negative body image
23
Q

Eating Disorders

A
  • Anorexia nervosa

- Bulimia nervosa

24
Q

Anorexia Nervosa (Eating Disorders)

A

Starve out of fear of getting fat

25
Bulimia Nervosa (Eating Disorders)
-Strict diet and exercise, binge and purge
26
Adolescent Brain Development
- Pruning Continues (Frontal Lobes) - Growth and Myelination speed up (Strengthen connections among regions) - Neurotransmitter Response Change (More sensitive to excitatory messages)
27
Pruning and Growth and Myelination cause Cognitive Advances in... (Adolescent Brain Development)
- Attention - Planning - Integrating Information - Self Regulation
28
Neurotransmitter response changes Intensity reactions to... (Adolescent Brain Development)
- Stress | - Pleasure, novelty
29
Adolescent Brain Development:
Gateway to Higher Functioning - Increased communication between different hemispheres of the brain - Sleep needs are similar to that of children
30
Increased communication between different hemispheres of the brain (Adolescent Brain Development)
- Prefrontal cortex development | - More responsive to excitatory neural messages
31
Sleep needs are similar to that of children (Adolescent Brain Development)
- Unlike children, the average adolescent does not get enough sleep (9hours) - “Phase delay” becomes stronger with puberty, leading to increased sleep deprivation
32
Piaget’s Theory: Formal Operational Stage
-Hypothetico-deductive Reasoning (Deducing hypotheses from a general theory -Pendulum problem -Propositional Thought (Evaluating the logic of verbal propositions)
33
Piaget’s Pendulum Problem
They are able to separate the effects of different variables
34
Information Processing Improvements in Adolescence
- Attention - Inhibition (Filter out distractions) - Memory strategies - Knowledge - Metacognition (More aware of how they think about things)
35
Consequences of Abstract Thought
- Self-Consciousness and Self-Focusing - Idealism and Criticism - Planning and Decision Making
36
Self-Consciousness and Self-Focusing (Consequences of Abstract Thought)
- Imaginary audience (Everyone is paying attention to everything you do) - Sensitivity to criticism (tension is created due to new ability to see options and differences) - Personal fable (Idea that you are unique and things don't happen to you)
37
Planning and Decision Making (Consequences of Abstract Thought)
- Inexperience | - Overwhelming options
38
Girls Verbal Skills (Sex Differences in Mental Abilities)
- Performance: Girls do better from early ages, throughout school - Biological Influences:Girls: advantage in left hemisphere of brain - Environmental Influences: Parents talk more to girls and Language arts considered “feminine”
39
Boys Math Skills (Sex Differences in Mental Abilities)
- Performance: Boys better at abstract reasoning; Gap larger at higher levels, although shrinking - Biological Influences: Boys: better numerical memory, spatial reasoning - Environmental Influences: Mathematics considered “masculine" and Parents see boys as better at math
40
Culture of Adolescent Sexuality
- U.S. is more restricted in terms of open discussion about sex and sexuality - Many teens report learning about sex through other sources
41
Characteristics of Sexually Active Teens
- U.S. has one of the earliest timings of first sexual intercourse (more so for boys) - Early and frequent sexual intercourse has short- and long-term consequences
42
Adolescent Pregnancy
- 20% of sexually active teens do not always practice safe sex (800,000 teens/year in the U.S; 25,000 of these teens are younger than 15 years) - Change in cultural stigma against unmarried teen mothers has lead to more mothers keeping their children
43
Teen Pregnancy in America
xxx
44
Consequences of Teen Parenthood:
- Educational attainment - Marital patterns - Economic stability - Infant health and development
45
Predictors of Childbearing
- Low parental warmth and often high domestic violence - Child abuse - Parental divorce and remarriage - Adult models of unmarried parents - Poor academic progress - Alcohol and drug use - Aggressive and antisocial behaviors - Deviant peer group - High rate of depression
46
Adolescent Substance Use Have tried, by grade 10:
Cigarettes – 40% Alcohol – 63% Illegal drugs – 38%
47
Adolescent Substance Use by end of high school:
14% smoke regularly 28% recent heavy drinking 50%+ tried illegal drugs

Lifespan Developmental Psych Test 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions