Physical Chemistry Flashcards
(68 cards)
The system can exchange matter and energy with its surroundings
Open System
Only energy can be transferred between the system and surroundings
Closed system
Neither matter or energy can be exchanged between a system and its surroundings
Isolated system
State Function
Only the start and the end matter
Path Function
It matters how you get there
These are examples of?
- Internal Energy (U)
- Enthalpy (H)
- Entropy (S)
State Functions
These are examples of?
- Heat (q)
- Work (w)
Path Functions
All parts of system within a thermodynamic equilibrium have the same temperature.
0th Law
Which law of Thermodynamics covers conservation of energy?
1st Law
Which law says state changes will follow the direction of maximum entropy?
2nd Law
Which law says that when approaching 0k, entropy becomes constant, so 0 temperature cannot be reached?
3rd Law
Charles’ Law
An increase in heat creates an increase in volume
Specifically for gas
A gas that doesn’t interact with anything
Ideal Gas
The state equation of an ideal gas in a closed system
Ideal gas law
Ideal gas law
Avogadro’s law
A transfer of energy that utilizes or causes uniform motion of atoms in the surroundings
Work
A force F moving a distance x does work equal to Fx
A measure of the capacity of a system to do work
Energy
The means by which energy is transferred from a hotter body to a cooler one in order to equalize their temperatures
Heat
The total of the kinetic energy
due to the motion of molecules and
the potential energy
Internal Energy
+q: heat is absorbed by the system
Endothermic
-q: heat is given out by the system
Exothermic
When a gas is compressed by an external
force the work is?
Positive