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Flashcards in Physical Evidence Deck (18)
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1
Q

What are the three types of evidence?

A

Testimonial
Documentary
Physical

2
Q

What is Physical Evidence?

A

Its more reliable then eyewitness testimony and is an important investigative aid to the investigator
A. Also known as “real evidence”
B. Evidence in form of material objects
C. Ex. Weapons, tools, fingerprints
D. Is real, tangible, has form and mass, can be visible or invisible
E. Helps establish the elements of the crime/reconstruct the crime or crime scene, associate or dissociate defendants with crimes, can corroborate or disprove statements and can establish venue

3
Q

What is testimonial evidence?

A

Statement of a witness in court, usually under oath and offered as evidence of stated truth.

4
Q

what is Documentary evidence?

A

Evidence written rather than oral form
Admissibility of a document depends on the proof of the authenticity and the purpose for which it is being offered in evidence.

5
Q

What is Locard’s exchange principle?

A

No one can enter an environment without leaving some trace of his or her presence and without carrying away some trace of that environment.

6
Q

What is the evidence triangle?

A

Scene
Suspect
Victim
Physical evidence is in the center of the triangle.

7
Q

Can Testimonial Evidence become physical or documentary evidence?

A

Yes.

8
Q

Can Documentary evidence be something written on a mirror with lipstick or a contract??

A

Yes.

9
Q

Can documentary evidence become physical evidence?

A

Yes.

10
Q

What are the three views of a scene/evidence photographs should contain?

A

Overall or distant shot
Intermediate shot
Close-up shot

11
Q

What are the proper methods of evidence documentation?

A

Written or recorded notes
Photographs
Sketches
Measurements

12
Q

What are the basic stages for a crime scene search?

A

Preparation
Approach to the scene
Basic premises

13
Q

What are the components of documents?

A

Paper
Ink
Writing instruments

14
Q

What does writing instruments do?

A

Puts ink to paper. (by impact if its a typewriter)

15
Q

Should you attempt to repair any damages on a document if that is the way it was found?

A

No, preserve the document as you fount it.

16
Q

What can handwriting be affected by?

A

Health, drugs, alcohol, age

17
Q

What is a request exemplar (handwriting)?

A

Executed at the request and in the presence of the investigator under controlled conditions.

18
Q

What are non-request exemplars (handwriting)?

A

Individuals writing that exist as the result of normal day to day business and personal transactions conducted over a period of time.