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PT Exam - 1 > Physical Examination - Class 2 > Flashcards

Physical Examination - Class 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

may of the physical tests used to provide info regarding the presence of dz

A

fall outside the realm of PT

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2
Q

what do these physical tests include

A

urine analysis

blood tests

radiologic testing

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3
Q

what will provide important info regarding the nature of the lesion

A

having knowledge to interpret clinical findings from tests and measure that do fall w/in the realm of PT

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4
Q

tests and measure that do fall w/in the realm of PT

A

alteration of sxs

detection of dysfxn

observation

palpation

percussion

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5
Q

if sxs do not change

A

refer to dr

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6
Q

what must we consider before referring out

A

lesion may not be irritable

physical exam does not place enough stress on the area to provoke sxs

did we examine the right area

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7
Q

when we are confident that…

A

we examine the right body part

the condition sounds irritable

sxs have no been altered

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8
Q

what should we do when we are confident

A

be suspicious of what is the source of the sxs

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9
Q

how may dysfxn be identified

A

palpation

AROM

PROM testing

resisted testing

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10
Q

suspicious of a fxnal (psychological) or pathologic condition when

A

conclude out exam

do not detect significant dysfxn related to the pt’s fxnal limitations or sxs

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11
Q

observation can give

A

important info regarding the possible presence of dz process

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12
Q

important areas to observe are

A

skin

hair

nails

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13
Q

most skin lesions are

A

benign

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14
Q

some skin lesions are suggestive of

A

serious pathology

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15
Q

serious pathology –> skin lesions

A

melanoma

squamous basal cell carcinoma

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16
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –> color

A

variation w/in the noted area or structure

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17
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –> perimeter/border

A

irregular

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18
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –>surface

A

raised and irregular

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19
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –>shape

A

asymmetrical

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20
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –>consistency

A

firm to hard

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21
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –> of the lesion

A

ulceration or crusting

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22
Q

characteristics of skin lesions –> ABCDE

A

asymmetry

border

color

diameter

elevation/evolving

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23
Q

asymmetry

A

does one half of the area differ from the other half

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24
Q

border

A

the edges of the area are uneven or irregular

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25
color
the colors vary w/in the area
26
diameter
greater than 6 mm (size of a pencil eraser)
27
elevation/evolving
surface of an area is elevated or there have been changes in size, color or shape
28
what if we noticed a lesion with any combination of the ABCDE findings
ask if physician is aware of this "spot"
29
what is physician is not aware of skin lesion
recommend to go see the physician do this in a non-alarming fashion
30
skin color
cyanosis jaundice pallor redness red streaks
31
cyanosis
dark bluish coloration of skin, including nails +/or mucum membranes
32
what is cyanosis sedondary to
poor oxygenation of blood
33
what can cyanosis be a sign of
advanced lung dz CV system involvement
34
jaundice
yellowish coloration of structures including skin, tongue, lips
35
what can jaundice indicate
liver dz blood disorder
36
what may also be effected by jaundice
sclera of eyes may also show color changes
37
pallor can be indicative of
CV system disorder arterial insuff anemia
38
redness is a general indication of
dz process
39
red streaks may be suggestive of
infectious process
40
skin conditions includes
observation of body have and nails
41
hair loss --> PVD
at hands forearms feet lower legs
42
more general hair loss may be associated w/
anemia hypopituitarism
43
increase hair growth patterns can be seen in
Cushing's syndrome certain cancers of the adrenals and gonads
44
nails
clubbing transverse sulci pitting spoon shaped
45
clubbing of nails may indicate
pulmonary system dz including lung cancer
46
what is clubbing of the nails
angle b/w the fingernail and nail base exceeding 180 degrees
47
nail base --> clubbing
swollen and soft
48
transverse sulci run
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis
49
transverse sulci may be accompanying with
anemia malnutrition acute stage of infectious dz
50
pitting of nail associated w/
psoriasis DM PVD
51
spoon shape nail
concave shape to nail
52
spoon shape nail associated w/
anemia chronic infection malnutrition Raynauds syndrome
53
palpation of
skin temp lymph nodes peripheral pulses abdomen
54
decreased skin temp
one sign of hypothyroidism
55
increased skin temp
hyperthyroidism localized: inflammatory process infectious process
56
lymph nodes are palpable it may suggest
presence of infection of neoplasm
57
lymph nodes in healthy people
not palpable up to 1cm are considered normal
58
what kind of lymph nodes may raise concern
fixed or immovable
59
normal lymph nodes should not be
tender to touch nodes that are not tender are not necessarily normal
60
areas to palpate lymph nodes
submandibular supraclavicular anterior and posterior cervical regions axilla femoral triangle around the inguinal ligament
61
peripheral pulses
asses for rate, rhythm and regularity
62
palpate the abdomen for the presence of
aortic aneurysm
63
what dose and aortic aneurysm feel like
pulsation that is more prominent and distinct w/in a confined region pulse greater than 2-3 inches wide
64
abnormal soft tissue and bony masses are a
ongoing process
65
percussion
applying vibratory force to bone tissue
66
what may percussion provide info regarding
presence of dz state of fx
67
spine percussion
percuss spinous processes with a reflex hammer or with fingertips w/ pt in a forward flexed position
68
spine percussion --> if there is an infection or tumor
severe pain and tenderness deep, dull, throbbing pain --> that does not decrease in intensity immediately after completion of the technique
69
when can cancer be ruled out w/ 100% sensitivity
less than 50 yrs of age no history of primary cancer no unexplained weight loss condition improving w/ time or conservative therapy

PT Exam - 1 (15 decks)

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