Physical Geography

Question 0

Location

Answer 0

absolute and relative

Tells “where”

Question 1

5 themes of geography

Answer 1

Location 
Regions 
Human-earth relationship 
Place
Movement

Question 2

Regions

Answer 2

Finite vs. Relative
Areas have uniform characteristics
Formal Regions (finite boundaries; states, cities) vs. Functional Regions (no finite boundaries)

Question 3

Human-earth relationship

Answer 3

How humans alter the environment

We affect the earth by using resources

Question 4

Place

Answer 4

Tangible and intangible living and nonliving characteristics that make each place unique

Question 5

Movement

Answer 5

Communication, movement, circulation. migration, and diffusion across earth’s surface.
May impact entire planet.

Question 6

Two paths of geographic study

Answer 6

Physical and cultural

Question 7

Foundation of the scientific method

Answer 7

Observation

Question 8

Equilibrium

Answer 8

Earth seeks equilibrium.

Earth is an open system in terms of energy (generally considered a closed system)

Question 9

What has prompted human expansion?

Answer 9

The physical condition of earth has prompted human expansion

Question 10

Four spheres of earth

Answer 10

Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Lithosphere
Biosphere

Question 11

Atmosphere

Answer 11

Solar energy, seasons, air circulation

Question 12

Hydrosphere

Answer 12

Water, oceans

Question 13

Lithosphere

Answer 13

Earth we walk on; land

Question 14

Biosphere

Answer 14

People, life

Question 15

Pythagoras

Answer 15

Predicted earth is round - 500BC

Question 16

Eratosthenes

Answer 16

Calculated size of earth 250 BC

Question 17

How do you define a place?

Answer 17

Earth’s imaginary grid system defines place through finite location

Question 18

Longitude

Answer 18

Meridian, prime meridian, international date lines

Question 19

Latitude

Answer 19

Parallels, equator

Question 20

Latitudinal geographic zones

Answer 20

Arctic
Subarctic
Midlatitudinal
Subtropical
Equatorial and tropical
Subtropical
Midlatitudinal
Subantarctic
Antarctic

Question 21

Stuff you should know about longitude/latitude

Answer 21

Prime meridian, equator, international date line, global time zones

Question 22

Small scale maps

Answer 22

Small scale maps cover large areas

Question 23

Large scale maps

Answer 23

Large scale maps cover small areas

Question 24

Map scales

Answer 24

Written (verbal) Graphic (bar) Representative fraction (RF)

Question 25

GPS

Answer 25

Global Positioning Satellite

Question 26

GIS

Answer 26

Geographic Information System A variety of remote sensing imaging. Shows either land ownership, hydrology, forest cover, soils, disease, and many more

Question 27

Light year

Answer 27

186,000 mi/s | Aphelion, perihelion

Question 28

Earth's solar constant

Answer 28

1372 watts/m^2

Question 29

Rotation and Revolution

Answer 29

Both counterclockwise Rotate "on" Revolve "around"

Question 30

Plane of the ecliptic

Answer 30

The area within earth's orbit

Question 31

Troposphere

Answer 31

Atmospheric layer closest to earth's surface

Question 32

3 primary gases

Answer 32

Nitrogen (N2) Oxygen (O2) Argon

Question 33

Carbon dioxide's function?

Answer 33

Fuel for plants

Question 34

Ozone

Answer 34

Ozone protects us from harmful sun rays

Question 35

Water world

Answer 35

71% water | 29% land

Question 36

Global ocean conveyer movement

Answer 36

Cool water subsides to feed deep current due to cooling of water, which increased salinity and density. Keeps earth from entering ice age

Question 37

ITCZ

Answer 37

Inner Tropical Convergence Zone Near the equator, where northeast and southeast trade winds come together. Causes storms and wind (weather)

Question 38

1st law of thermodynamics

Answer 38

Water phase changes because of energy (heat)

Question 39

Orographic barriers

Answer 39

Mountains Effect climates on each side, bringing one more weather like clouds, wind, rain, and fertile soil while the other side suffers

Question 40

Stuff to know about water

Answer 40

Hydrologic cycle, ground water, and the global use of water

Question 41

Desertification

Answer 41

Caused by climate change (drought, loss of vegetation), human activity, and geographical circumstances

Question 42

Bread baskets of the world

Answer 42

Places with efficient vegetation for farming and domesticated animals like goats and cattle that have multiple uses, also locates near a water source

Question 43

End of last ice age (Pleistocene period)

Answer 43

10,000 BC | 6 million people

Question 44

How old is the earth?

Answer 44

4.54 billion years

Question 45

How long has the biosphere been part of the earth's environment?

Answer 45

3.5 billion years

Question 46

Uniformitarianism

Answer 46

The assumption that the same natural laws and processes that operate in the universe now have always operated in the universe in the past and apply everywhere in the universe.

Question 47

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 47

Theory that most species will exhibit little net evolutionary change for most of their geological history

Question 48

Current world population

Answer 48

7 billion people

Question 49

Areas of concentration

Answer 49

East Asia (China) South Asia (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh) Europe East United States

Question 50

Four major reasons for human population growth

Answer 50

End of ice age, industrial revolution, green revolution, medical revolution

Question 51

Hearth lands of humanity

Answer 51

River valleys and fertile soils

Question 52

Paleolithic

Answer 52

Old Stone Age 2.6 million years ago After 10,000 BC

Question 53

Neolithic

Answer 53

New Stone Age | 10,200 BC - between 4,500 and 2,000 BC

Question 54

Ptolemy's map of the world

Answer 54

100 AD Showed areas known by traders at the time Missed the Western Hemisphere

Question 55

Leaders in Age of Discovery

Answer 55

Portuguese Spanish English Dutch