Physical Science

Question 1

Comet composition?

Answer 1

Ice, dust, organic material

Question 2

Asteroid composition?

Answer 2

Rock and metal

Question 3

Asteroid Belt

Answer 3

Kuniper Belt, most asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter

Question 4

Fragment of asteroid

Answer 4

Meteoroids, burns up in earths atmosphere

Question 5

What is mass?

Answer 5

measure of an objects resistance to movement

Question 6

Force equation?

Answer 6

F=M (mass) *A (acceleration)

Question 7

Velocity definition?

Answer 7

Displacement over time (V= D / T)

Question 8

Acceleration definition?

Answer 8

Change in velocity over time.

Question 9

Feet per mile?

Answer 9

5280 feet

Question 10

Feet per meter?

Answer 10

3.2808399

Question 11

Momentum equation?

Answer 11

M (momentum) = M (Mass) * V (Velocity)

Question 12

Kinetic energy?

Answer 12

The faster an object is moving, the more kinetic energy it possesses.

Question 13

Potential energy?

Answer 13

KP (Potential Energy) = M (mass) * G (gravitational acceleration) * H (height)

Question 14

Chemical energy?

Answer 14

Energy inside molecules and their bonds

Question 15

Work definition?

Answer 15

When a force has been applied to an object and the object moves some distance. W (work) = F (force) * D (distance). Work is measured in Joules.

Question 16

Power definition?

Answer 16

The rate at which work is performed. Usually measured as Joules per second (J/s).

Question 17

Mechanical advantage equation?

Answer 17

MA (mechanical advantage) = Fb (force produced) * Fa (Force applied)

Question 18

What happens if effort arm is longer than resistance arm?

Answer 18

Less force can be applied to lift the object.

Question 19

What is a Proton, Neutron, and Electron?

Answer 19

A proton is a positively charged unit that has a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (1 amu), where a neutron is a non-charged unit that also has a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (1 amu) and an electron is a negatively charged unit with a mass of approximately 0.0005 amu

Question 20

How does a charge occur?

Answer 20

When there is a excess of electrons (negative charge) or shortage of electrons (positive charge). Two positive charges repel each other, two negative charges repel each other, while one positive and one negative attract each other.

Question 21

When does lightening occur?

Answer 21

When there is a very large charge imbalance between the air (negative) and ground (positive).

Question 22

What is a resistor?

Answer 22

Component made of material that is difficult for electrons to pass through. Resistors reduce the rate at which electrons flow through a circuit. As a result, resistors can change the voltage and current in a circuit.

Question 23

What is a capacitor?

Answer 23

Component made up of two parallel plates with a dielectric (non-conducting) material sandwiched between two plates. Capacitors are capable of accumulating charge. A charged capacitor can be used to modulate the amount of current in a circuit or to store electrons for later use.

Question 24

What is a transistor?

Answer 24

Semiconductor component that can hold information. Typically operate as a kind of switch, turning off or on in response to the flow of current.

Question 25

What is a inductor?

Answer 25

A component that is able to store voltage as a magnetic field. As electrons pass through an inductor or coil, a magnetic field is generated.

Question 26

What is a diode?

Answer 26

Two-terminal component that possesses high resistance in one terminal and low resistance in the other. Used to translate AC to DC and vice versa.

Question 27

What is voltage?

Answer 27

Potential difference between the start and end of a circuit. Form of potential energy.

Question 28

What is current?

Answer 28

The flow of electrons, the greater the current, the greater the flow of electrons.

Question 29

What is Ohms law?

Answer 29

V (voltage) = I (current) * R (resistance)

Question 30

What is an insulator?

Answer 30

A material that does not have charge ability.

Question 31

Where is the atomic number located? What is it?

Answer 31

Upper right corner of the elements square. It is the protons + neutrons. Each weigh 1 amu.

Question 32

What is an S-shell?

Answer 32

Hold two electrons, and each electron has circular orbit.

Question 33

What is a P-shell?

Answer 33

Holds six electrons, and each electron has double elliptical orbit.

Question 34

What is a D-shell?

Answer 34

Holds ten electrons and each electron has quadruple elliptical orbit.

Question 35

What is electronnegativity?

Answer 35

The chemical property that describes the tendency or an atom or molecule to attract electrons toward itself?

Question 36

What is a compound?

Answer 36

When atoms of two or more different elements are bonded together.

Question 37

Ionic vs. covalent bond?

Answer 37

In a ionic bond, one or more electrons are stripped away from one atom by another atom, resulting in a positive charge on one atom (a cation) and a negative charge on another atom (a anion). In a covalent bond, electrons are shared between two atoms, such that both atoms are able to fill their valence shell of electrons as much as possible.